Discovered this while working on MDEV-34720: test_if_cheaper_ordering()
uses rec_per_key, while the original estimate for the access method
is produced in best_access_path() by using actual_rec_per_key().
Make test_if_cheaper_ordering() also use actual_rec_per_key().
Also make several getter function "const" to make this compile.
Also adjusted the testcase to handle this (the change backported from
11.0)
Other usage if persistent statistics is checking 'stats_is_read' in
caller, which is why this was not noticed earlier.
Other things:
- Simplified no_stat_values_provided
Example of what causes the problem:
T1: ANALYZE TABLE starts to collect statistics
T2: ALTER TABLE starts by deleting statistics for all changed fields,
then creates a temp table and copies data to it.
T1: ANALYZE ends and writes to the statistics tables.
T2: ALTER TABLE renames temp table in place of the old table.
Now the statistics from analyze matches the old deleted tables.
Fixed by waiting to delete old statistics until ALTER TABLE is
the only one using the old table and ensure that rename of columns
can handle swapping of column names.
rename_columns_in_stat_table() (former rename_column_in_stat_tables())
now takes a list of columns to rename. It uses the following algorithm
to update column_stats to be able to handle circular renames
- While there are columns to be renamed and it is the first loop or
last rename loop did change something.
- Loop over all columns to be renamed
- Change column name in column_stat
- If fail because of duplicate key
- If this is first change attempt for this column
- Change column name to a temporary column name
- If there was a conflicting row, replace it with the current row.
else
- Remove entry from column list
- Loop over all remaining columns in the list
- Remove the conflicting row
- Change column from temporary name to final name in column_stat
Other things:
- Don't flush tables for every operation. Only flush when all updates
are done.
- Rename of columns was not handled in case of ALGORITHM=copy (old bug).
- Fixed that we do not collect statistics for hidden hash columns
used by UNIQUE constraint on long values.
- Fixed that we do not collect statistics for blob columns referred by
generated virtual columns. This was achieved by storing the fields for
which we want to have statistics in table->has_value_set instead of
in table->read_set.
- Rename of indexes was not handled for persistent statistics.
- This is now handled similar as rename of columns. Renamed columns
are now stored in 'rename_stat_indexes' and handled in
Alter_info::delete_statistics() together with drooped indexes.
- ALTER TABLE .. ADD INDEX may instead of creating a new index rename
an existing generated foreign key index. This was not reflected in
the index_stats table because this was handled in
mysql_prepare_create_table instead instead of in the mysql_alter() code.
Fixed by adding a call in mysql_prepare_create_table() to drop the
changed index.
I also had to change the code that 'marked the index' to be ignored
with code that would not destroy the original index name.
Reviewer: Sergei Petrunia <sergey@mariadb.com>
This commits enables reloading of engine-independent statistics
without flushing the table from table definition cache.
This is achieved by allowing multiple version of the
TABLE_STATISTICS_CB object and having independent pointers to it in
TABLE and TABLE_SHARE. The TABLE_STATISTICS_CB object have reference
pointers and are freed when no one is pointing to it anymore.
TABLE's TABLE_STATISTICS_CB pointer is updated to use the
TABLE_SHARE's pointer when read_statistics_for_tables() is called at
the beginning of a query.
Main changes:
- read_statistics_for_table() will allocate an new TABLE_STATISTICS_CB
object.
- All get_stat_values() functions has a new parameter that tells
where collected data should be stored. get_stat_values() are not
using the table_field object anymore to store data.
- All get_stat_values() functions returns 1 if they found any
data in the statistics tables.
Other things:
- Fixed INSERT DELAYED to not read statistics tables.
- Removed Statistics_state from TABLE_STATISTICS_CB as this is not
needed anymore as wer are not changing TABLE_SHARE->stats_cb while
calculating or loading statistics.
- Store values used with store_from_statistical_minmax_field() in
TABLE_STATISTICS_CB::mem_root. This allowed me to remove the function
delete_stat_values_for_table_share().
- Field_blob::store_from_statistical_minmax_field() is implemented
but is not normally used as we do not yet support EIS statistics
for blobs. For example Field_blob::update_min() and
Field_blob::update_max() are not implemented.
Note that the function can be called if there is an concurrent
"ALTER TABLE MODIFY field BLOB" running because of a bug in
ALTER TABLE where it deletes entries from column_stats
before it has an exclusive lock on the table.
- Use result of field->val_str(&val) as a pointer to the result
instead of val (safetly fix).
- Allocate memory for collected statistics in THD::mem_root, not in
in TABLE::mem_root. This could cause the TABLE object to grow if a
ANALYZE TABLE was run many times on the same table.
This was done in allocate_statistics_for_table(),
create_min_max_statistical_fields_for_table() and
create_min_max_statistical_fields_for_table_share().
- Store in TABLE_STATISTICS_CB::stats_available which statistics was
found in the statistics tables.
- Removed index_table from class Index_prefix_calc as it was not used.
- Added TABLE_SHARE::LOCK_statistics to ensure we don't load EITS
in parallel. First thread will load it, others will reuse the
loaded data.
- Eliminate read_histograms_for_table(). The loading happens within
read_statistics_for_tables() if histograms are needed.
One downside is that if we have read statistics without histograms
before and someone requires histograms, we have to read all statistics
again (once) from the statistics tables.
A smaller downside is the need to call alloc_root() for each
individual histogram. Before we could allocate all the space for
histograms with a single alloc_root.
- Fixed bug in MyISAM and Aria where they did not properly notice
that table had changed after analyze table. This was not a problem
before this patch as then the MyISAM and Aria tables where flushed
as part of ANALYZE table which did hide this issue.
- Fixed a bug in ANALYZE table where table->records could be seen as 0
in collect_statistics_for_table(). The effect of this unlikely bug
was that a full table scan could be done even if
analyze_sample_percentage was not set to 1.
- Changed multiple mallocs in a row to use multi_alloc_root().
- Added a mutex protection in update_statistics_for_table() to ensure
that several tables are not updating the statistics at the same time.
Some of the changes in sql_statistics.cc are based on a patch from
Oleg Smirnov <olernov@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Oleg Smirnov <olernov@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Vicentiu Ciorbaru <cvicentiu@gmail.com>
Reviewer: Sergei Petrunia <sergey@mariadb.com>
The issue here was histogram statistics were being used even when
the level of optimizer_use_condition_selectivity doesn't allow
usage of statistics from histogram.
The histogram statistics are read for a table only when
optimizer_use_condition_selectivity > 3. But the TABLE structure can be
stored in the internal table cache and be reused for the next query.
So in this case the histogram statistics will be available for the next query.
The fix would be to make sure to use the histogram statistics only when
optimizer_use_condition_selectivity > 3.
An oveflow was happening on windows because on Windows sizeof(ulong) is 4 bytes
while it is 8 bytes on Linux.
Switched avg_frequency and avg length for column statistics to ulonglong.
Switched avg_frequency for index statistics to ulonglong.
Previously multiple threads were allowed to load histograms concurrently.
There were no known problems caused by this. But given amount of data
races in this code, it'd happen sooner or later.
To avoid scalability bottleneck, histograms loading is protected by
per-TABLE_SHARE atomic variable.
Whenever histograms were loaded by preceding statement (hot-path), a
scalable load-acquire check is performed.
Whenever histograms have to be loaded anew, mutual exclusion for loaders
is established by atomic variable. If histograms are being loaded
concurrently, statement waits until load is completed.
- Table_statistics::total_hist_size moved to TABLE_STATISTICS_CB: only
meaningful within TABLE_SHARE (not used for collected stats).
- TABLE_STATISTICS_CB::histograms_can_be_read and
TABLE_STATISTICS_CB::histograms_are_read are replaced with a tri state
atomic variable.
- Simplified away alloc_histograms_for_table_share().
Note: there's still likely a data race if a thread attempts accessing
histograms data after it failed to load it (because of concurrent load).
It was there previously and goes out of the scope of this effort. One way
of fixing it could be reviving TABLE::histograms_are_read and adding
appropriate checks whenever it is needed.
Part of MDEV-19061 - table_share used for reading statistical tables is
not protected
read_statistics_for_tables_if_needed
Regression after 279a907, read_statistics_for_tables_if_needed() was
called after open_normal_and_derived_tables() failure.
Fixed by moving read_statistics_for_tables() call to a branch of
get_schema_stat_record() where result of open_normal_and_derived_tables()
is checked.
Removed THD::force_read_stats, added read_statistics_for_tables() instead.
Simplified away statistics_for_command_is_needed().
Added to new values to the server variable use_stat_tables.
The values are COMPLEMENTARY_FOR_QUERIES and PREFERABLY_FOR_QUERIES.
Both these values don't allow to collect EITS for queries like
analyze table t1;
To collect EITS we would need to use the syntax with persistent like
analyze table t1 persistent for columns (col1,col2...) index (idx1, idx2...) / ALL
Changing the default value from NEVER to PREFERABLY_FOR_QUERIES.
The problem here is EITS statistics does not calculate statistics for the partitions of the table.
So a temporary solution would be to not read EITS statistics for partitioned tables.
Also disabling reading of EITS for columns that participate in the partition list of a table.
Currently for selectivity calculation we perform range analysis for a column even when we don't have any statistics(EITS).
This makes less sense but is used to catch contradiction for WHERE condition.
So the solution is to not perform range analysis for selectivity calculation for columns that do not have statistics.
This patch introduces support for the system variable eq_range_index_dive_limit
that existed in MySQL starting from 5.6. The variable sets a limit for
index dives into equality ranges. Index dives are performed by optimizer
to estimate the number of rows in range scans. Index dives usually provide
good estimate but they are pretty expensive. To estimate the number of rows
in equality ranges statistical data on indexes can be employed. Its usage gives
not so good estimates but it's cheap. So if the number of equality dives
required by an index scan exceeds the set limit no dives for equality
ranges are performed by the optimizer for this index.
As the new system variable is introduced in a stable version the default
value for it is set to a special value meaning there is no limit for the number
of index dives performed by the optimizer.
The patch partially uses the MySQL code for WL 5957
'Statistics-based Range optimization for many ranges'.
for blob column
ANALYZE TABLE <table> does not collect statistical data on min/max values
for BLOB columns of <table>. However these values can be added into
mysql.column_stats manually by executing proper statements.
Unfortunately this led to a memory leak because the memory allocated
for these values was never freed.
This patch provides the server with a function to free memory allocated
for min/max statistical values of BLOB types.
Temporarily changed the test case until MDEV-16711 is fixed as without
this fix the test case for MDEV-16757 did not fail only for 10.0.
for blob column
ANALYZE TABLE <table> does not collect statistical data on min/max values
for BLOB columns of <table>. However these values can be added into
mysql.column_stats manually by executing proper statements.
Unfortunately this led to a memory leak because the memory allocated
for these values was never freed.
This patch provides the server with a function to free memory allocated
for min/max statistical values of BLOB types.
Encountered illegal value '' when converting to DECIMAL
The issue was that EITS data was allocated but then not read for some reason (one being to avoid a deadlock),
then the optimizer was using these bzero'ed buffers as EITS statistics.
This should not be allowed, we should use statistcs for a table only when we have successfully loaded/read
the stats from the statistical tables.
This was done in, among other things:
- thd->db and thd->db_length
- TABLE_LIST tablename, db, alias and schema_name
- Audit plugin database name
- lex->db
- All db and table names in Alter_table_ctx
- st_select_lex db
Other things:
- Changed a lot of functions to take const LEX_CSTRING* as argument
for db, table_name and alias. See init_one_table() as an example.
- Changed some function arguments from LEX_CSTRING to const LEX_CSTRING
- Changed some lists from LEX_STRING to LEX_CSTRING
- threads_mysql.result changed because process list_db wasn't always
correctly updated
- New append_identifier() function that takes LEX_CSTRING* as arguments
- Added new element tmp_buff to Alter_table_ctx to separate temp name
handling from temporary space
- Ensure we store the length after my_casedn_str() of table/db names
- Removed not used version of rename_table_in_stat_tables()
- Changed Natural_join_column::table_name and db_name() to never return
NULL (used for print)
- thd->get_db() now returns db as a printable string (thd->db.str or "")
Benefits of this patch:
- Removed a lot of calls to strlen(), especially for field_string
- Strings generated by parser are now const strings, less chance of
accidently changing a string
- Removed a lot of calls with LEX_STRING as parameter (changed to pointer)
- More uniform code
- Item::name_length was not kept up to date. Now fixed
- Several bugs found and fixed (Access to null pointers,
access of freed memory, wrong arguments to printf like functions)
- Removed a lot of casts from (const char*) to (char*)
Changes:
- This caused some ABI changes
- lex_string_set now uses LEX_CSTRING
- Some fucntions are now taking const char* instead of char*
- Create_field::change and after changed to LEX_CSTRING
- handler::connect_string, comment and engine_name() changed to LEX_CSTRING
- Checked printf() related calls to find bugs. Found and fixed several
errors in old code.
- A lot of changes from LEX_STRING to LEX_CSTRING, especially related to
parsing and events.
- Some changes from LEX_STRING and LEX_STRING & to LEX_CSTRING*
- Some changes for char* to const char*
- Added printf argument checking for my_snprintf()
- Introduced null_clex_str, star_clex_string, temp_lex_str to simplify
code
- Added item_empty_name and item_used_name to be able to distingush between
items that was given an empty name and items that was not given a name
This is used in sql_yacc.yy to know when to give an item a name.
- select table_name."*' is not anymore same as table_name.*
- removed not used function Item::rename()
- Added comparision of item->name_length before some calls to
my_strcasecmp() to speed up comparison
- Moved Item_sp_variable::make_field() from item.h to item.cc
- Some minimal code changes to avoid copying to const char *
- Fixed wrong error message in wsrep_mysql_parse()
- Fixed wrong code in find_field_in_natural_join() where real_item() was
set when it shouldn't
- ER_ERROR_ON_RENAME was used with extra arguments.
- Removed some (wrong) ER_OUTOFMEMORY, as alloc_root will already
give the error.
TODO:
- Check possible unsafe casts in plugin/auth_examples/qa_auth_interface.c
- Change code to not modify LEX_CSTRING for database name
(as part of lower_case_table_names)
Functions from sql/statistics.cc don't seem to expect
stat tables to fail or to have inadequate structure.
Table open errors suppressed and some validity
checks added. Invalid tables reported to the server
log.
Internal updates to system statistical tables could wrongly
trigger an additional total-order replication if wsrep_repli
-cate_myisam is enabled.
Fixed by adding a check to skip total-order replication for
stat tables.
Test: galera.galera_var_replicate_myisam_on
1. When min/max value is provided the null flag for it must be set to 0
in the bitmap Culumn_statistics::column_stat_nulls.
2. When the calculation of the selectivity of the range condition
over a column requires min and max values for the column then we
have to check that these values are provided.
- Fix the crash by making get_column_range_cardinality()
to handle the special case where Column_stats objects
is an all-zeros object (the question of what is the point
of having Field::read_stats point to such object remains a
mystery)
- Added a few comments. Learning the code still.
mysql.column_stats wasn't stored/restored properly on big-endian
with histogram_type=DOUBLE_PREC_HB.
Store histogram values using int2store()/uint2korr().
Note that this patch invalidates previously calculated histogram
values on big-endian.
- Histogram::find_bucket() should not walk off the end of the value range.
- Address review feedback in Histogram::point_selectivity(): different handling
for zero-width buckets, and explanations.
- Fix Histogram::point_selectivity() to work in the case where the
passed value_pos=0 (or 1) and the first (or the last) bucket in the
histogram has zero value-range (i.e one value).
