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-rw-r--r--sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/DefaultExceptionFormatter.java54
-rw-r--r--sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/InvalidLevelException.java64
-rw-r--r--sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/JavaLoggingMonitorFactory.java120
-rw-r--r--sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/MonitorFactoryUtil.java78
-rw-r--r--sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/NullMonitorFactory.java68
-rw-r--r--sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/ProxyMonitorFactory.java234
6 files changed, 618 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/DefaultExceptionFormatter.java b/sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/DefaultExceptionFormatter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..14468061e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/DefaultExceptionFormatter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.core.monitor;
+
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.api.TuscanyException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.api.TuscanyRuntimeException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.host.monitor.ExceptionFormatter;
+
+/**
+ * Performs basics formatting of exceptions for JDK logging
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class DefaultExceptionFormatter implements ExceptionFormatter {
+
+ public DefaultExceptionFormatter() {
+ }
+
+ public boolean canFormat(Class<?> type) {
+ return Throwable.class.isAssignableFrom(type);
+ }
+
+ public PrintWriter write(PrintWriter writer, Throwable exception) {
+ if (exception instanceof TuscanyException) {
+ TuscanyException e = (TuscanyException) exception;
+ e.appendBaseMessage(writer);
+ } else if (exception instanceof TuscanyRuntimeException) {
+ TuscanyRuntimeException e = (TuscanyRuntimeException) exception;
+ e.appendBaseMessage(writer);
+ }
+ writer.append("\n");
+ return writer;
+ }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/InvalidLevelException.java b/sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/InvalidLevelException.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cf07b0f914
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/InvalidLevelException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.core.monitor;
+
+/**
+ * Exception indicating an invalid log level has been passed.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class InvalidLevelException extends IllegalArgumentException {
+ private static final long serialVersionUID = 7767234706427841915L;
+ private final String method;
+ private final String level;
+
+ /**
+ * Constructor specifying the method name and the level affected.
+ *
+ * @param method the name of the method being monitored
+ * @param level the invalid log level value
+ */
+ public InvalidLevelException(String method, String level) {
+ super();
+ this.method = method;
+ this.level = level;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Returns the name of the method being monitored.
+ *
+ * @return the name of the method being monitored
+ */
+ public String getMethod() {
+ return method;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Returns the invalid log level specified.
+ *
+ * @return the invalid log level that was specified
+ */
+ public String getLevel() {
+ return level;
+ }
+
+ public String getMessage() {
+ return "Invalid level for method " + method + " : " + level;
+ }
+}
diff --git a/sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/JavaLoggingMonitorFactory.java b/sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/JavaLoggingMonitorFactory.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4adff1b0db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/JavaLoggingMonitorFactory.java
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.core.monitor;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.ResourceBundle;
+import java.util.logging.Level;
+import java.util.logging.LogRecord;
+import java.util.logging.Logger;
+
+import org.osoa.sca.annotations.Service;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.host.MonitorFactory;
+import org.apache.tuscany.host.monitor.FormatterRegistry;
+
+/**
+ * A factory for monitors that forwards events to a {@link java.util.logging.Logger Java Logging (JSR47) Logger}.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ * @see java.util.logging
+ */
+@Service(interfaces = {MonitorFactory.class, FormatterRegistry.class})
+public class JavaLoggingMonitorFactory extends ProxyMonitorFactory {
+
+ /**
+ * Construct a MonitorFactory that will monitor the specified methods at the specified levels and generate messages
+ * using java.util.logging.
+ * <p/>
+ * The supplied Properties can be used to specify custom log levels for specific monitor methods. The key should be
+ * the method name in form returned by <code>Class.getName() + '#' + Method.getName()</code> and the value the log
+ * level to use as defined by {@link java.util.logging.Level}.
+ *
+ * @param levels definition of custom levels for specific monitored methods, may be null or empty.
+ * @param defaultLevel the default log level to use
+ * @param bundleName the name of a resource bundle that will be passed to the logger
+ * @see java.util.logging.Logger
+ */
+ public JavaLoggingMonitorFactory(Properties levels, Level defaultLevel, String bundleName) {
+ Map<String, Object> configProperties = new HashMap<String, Object>();
+ configProperties.put("levels", levels);
+ configProperties.put("defaultLevel", defaultLevel);
+ configProperties.put("bundleName", bundleName);
+ initInternal(configProperties);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Constructs a MonitorFactory that needs to be subsequently configured via a call to {@link #initialize}.
+ */
+ public JavaLoggingMonitorFactory() {
+ }
+
+ protected <T> InvocationHandler createInvocationHandler(Class<T> monitorInterface,
+ Map<String, Level> levels) {
+ ResourceBundle bundle = locateBundle(monitorInterface, bundleName);
+ Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(monitorInterface.getName());
+ return new LoggingHandler(logger, levels, bundle);
+ }
+
+ private class LoggingHandler implements InvocationHandler {
+ private final Logger logger;
+ private final Map<String, Level> methodLevels;
+ private final ResourceBundle bundle;
+
+ public LoggingHandler(Logger logger,
+ Map<String, Level> methodLevels,
+ ResourceBundle bundle
+ ) {
+ this.logger = logger;
+ this.methodLevels = methodLevels;
+ this.bundle = bundle;
+ }
+
+ public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
+ String sourceMethod = method.getName();
+ Level level = methodLevels.get(sourceMethod);
+ if (level != null && logger.isLoggable(level)) {
+ // construct the key for the resource bundle
+ String className = logger.getName();
+ String key = className + '#' + sourceMethod;
+
+ LogRecord logRecord = new LogRecord(level, key);
+ logRecord.setLoggerName(className);
+ logRecord.setSourceClassName(className);
+ logRecord.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
+ logRecord.setParameters(args);
+ if (args != null) {
+ for (Object o : args) {
+ if (o instanceof Throwable) {
+ logRecord.setMessage(formatException((Throwable) o));
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ logRecord.setResourceBundle(bundle);
+ logger.log(logRecord);
+ }
+ return null;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/MonitorFactoryUtil.java b/sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/MonitorFactoryUtil.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..92224d469f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/MonitorFactoryUtil.java
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.core.monitor;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.host.MonitorFactory;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * Helper for creating MonitorFactory instances.
+ *
+ * @version $$Rev$$ $$Date$$
+ */
+
+public final class MonitorFactoryUtil {
+ /**
+ * Hide the constructor
+ */
+ private MonitorFactoryUtil() {
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a MonitorFactory instance of the specified type.
+ * @param name fully qualified classname of the desired MonitorFactory type
+ * @param props collection of initialization properties
+ * @return a configured MonitorFactory instance, or null if the factory could not be instantiated.
+ */
+ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+ public static MonitorFactory createMonitorFactory(String name, Map<String, Object> props) {
+ Class<? extends MonitorFactory> clazz;
+ try {
+ clazz = (Class<? extends MonitorFactory>) Class.forName(name);
+ } catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe) {
+ return null;
+ } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
+ return null;
+ }
+
+ return createMonitorFactory(clazz, props);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a MonitorFactory instance of the specified type.
+ * @param mfc class of the desired MonitorFactory type
+ * @param props collection of initialization properties
+ * @return a configured MonitorFactory instance, or null if the factory could not be instantiated.
+ */
+ public static MonitorFactory createMonitorFactory(Class<? extends MonitorFactory> mfc, Map<String, Object> props) {
+ MonitorFactory mf;
+ try {
+ mf = mfc.newInstance();
+ mf.initialize(props);
+ } catch (InstantiationException e) {
+ throw new AssertionError(e);
+ } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
+ throw new AssertionError(e);
+ }
+ // allow IllegalArgumentException to propogate out
+
+ return mf;
+ }
+}
diff --git a/sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/NullMonitorFactory.java b/sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/NullMonitorFactory.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..46c52e38f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/NullMonitorFactory.java
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.core.monitor;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import org.osoa.sca.annotations.EagerInit;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.host.MonitorFactory;
+import org.apache.tuscany.host.monitor.ExceptionFormatter;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of a {@link MonitorFactory} that produces implementations that simply return.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+@EagerInit
+public class NullMonitorFactory implements MonitorFactory {
+
+ /**
+ * Singleton hander that does nothing.
+ */
+ private static final InvocationHandler NULL_MONITOR = new InvocationHandler() {
+ public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) {
+ return null;
+ }
+ };
+
+ public void initialize(Map<String, Object> configProperties) {
+ }
+
+ public <T> T getMonitor(Class<T> monitorInterface) {
+ /*
+ * This uses a reflection proxy to implement the monitor interface which
+ * is a simple but perhaps not very performant solution. Performance
+ * might be improved by code generating an implementation with empty methods.
+ */
+ return monitorInterface.cast(
+ Proxy.newProxyInstance(monitorInterface.getClassLoader(), new Class<?>[]{monitorInterface}, NULL_MONITOR));
+ }
+
+ public void register(ExceptionFormatter formatter) {
+
+ }
+
+ public void unregister(ExceptionFormatter formatter) {
+
+ }
+}
diff --git a/sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/ProxyMonitorFactory.java b/sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/ProxyMonitorFactory.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d9ca9e6cfc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/rfeng/minicore/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/core/monitor/ProxyMonitorFactory.java
@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.core.monitor;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.ResourceBundle;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.MissingResourceException;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.WeakHashMap;
+import java.util.logging.Level;
+import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
+import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.host.MonitorFactory;
+import org.apache.tuscany.host.monitor.FormatterRegistry;
+import org.apache.tuscany.host.monitor.ExceptionFormatter;
+import org.apache.tuscany.api.annotation.LogLevel;
+
+/**
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public abstract class ProxyMonitorFactory implements MonitorFactory, FormatterRegistry {
+ protected String bundleName;
+ protected final List<ExceptionFormatter> formatters = new ArrayList<ExceptionFormatter>();
+ protected final ExceptionFormatter defaultFormatter = new DefaultExceptionFormatter();
+ protected Level defaultLevel;
+ protected Map<String, Level> levels;
+ private final Map<Class<?>, WeakReference<?>> proxies = new WeakHashMap<Class<?>, WeakReference<?>>();
+
+ public void initialize(Map<String, Object> configProperties) {
+ if (configProperties == null) {
+ return;
+ }
+ initInternal(configProperties);
+ }
+
+ protected void initInternal(Map<String, Object> configProperties) {
+ try {
+ this.defaultLevel = (Level) configProperties.get("defaultLevel");
+ this.bundleName = (String) configProperties.get("bundleName");
+ Properties levels = (Properties) configProperties.get("levels");
+
+ this.levels = new HashMap<String, Level>();
+ if (levels != null) {
+ for (Map.Entry<Object, Object> entry : levels.entrySet()) {
+ String method = (String) entry.getKey();
+ String level = (String) entry.getValue();
+ try {
+ this.levels.put(method, Level.parse(level));
+ } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+ throw new InvalidLevelException(method, level);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
+ throw new IllegalArgumentException(cce.getLocalizedMessage());
+ }
+ }
+
+ public synchronized <T> T getMonitor(Class<T> monitorInterface) {
+ T proxy = getCachedMonitor(monitorInterface);
+ if (proxy == null) {
+ proxy = createMonitor(monitorInterface);
+ proxies.put(monitorInterface, new WeakReference<T>(proxy));
+ }
+ return proxy;
+ }
+
+ protected <T> T getCachedMonitor(Class<T> monitorInterface) {
+ WeakReference<?> ref = proxies.get(monitorInterface);
+ return (ref != null) ? monitorInterface.cast(ref.get()) : null;
+ }
+
+ protected <T> T createMonitor(Class<T> monitorInterface) {
+ String className = monitorInterface.getName();
+ Method[] methods = monitorInterface.getMethods();
+ Map<String, Level> levels = new HashMap<String, Level>(methods.length);
+ for (Method method : methods) {
+ String key = className + '#' + method.getName();
+ Level level = null;
+ if (this.levels != null) {
+ this.levels.get(key);
+ }
+ // if not specified the in config properties, look for an annotation on the method
+ if (level == null) {
+ LogLevel annotation = method.getAnnotation(LogLevel.class);
+ if (annotation != null && annotation.value() != null) {
+ try {
+ level = Level.parse(annotation.value());
+ } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+ // bad value, just use the default
+ level = defaultLevel;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ if (level == null) {
+ level = defaultLevel;
+ }
+ levels.put(method.getName(), level);
+ }
+
+ InvocationHandler handler = createInvocationHandler(monitorInterface, levels);
+ Object proxy = Proxy.newProxyInstance(monitorInterface.getClassLoader(),
+ new Class<?>[]{monitorInterface},
+ handler);
+ return monitorInterface.cast(proxy);
+ }
+
+ protected <T> ResourceBundle locateBundle(Class<T> monitorInterface, String bundleName) {
+ Locale locale = Locale.getDefault();
+ ClassLoader cl = monitorInterface.getClassLoader();
+ String packageName = monitorInterface.getPackage().getName();
+ while (true) {
+ try {
+ return ResourceBundle.getBundle(packageName + '.' + bundleName, locale, cl);
+ } catch (MissingResourceException e) {
+ //ok
+ }
+ int index = packageName.lastIndexOf('.');
+ if (index == -1) {
+ break;
+ }
+ packageName = packageName.substring(0, index);
+ }
+ try {
+ return ResourceBundle.getBundle(bundleName, locale, cl);
+ } catch (Exception e) {
+ return null;
+ }
+ }
+
+ public void register(ExceptionFormatter formatter) {
+ formatters.add(formatter);
+ }
+
+ public void unregister(ExceptionFormatter formatter) {
+ formatters.remove(formatter);
+ }
+
+ protected abstract <T> InvocationHandler createInvocationHandler(Class<T> monitorInterface,
+ Map<String, Level> levels);
+
+ protected String formatException(Throwable e) {
+ ExceptionFormatter formatter = defaultFormatter;
+ for (ExceptionFormatter candidate : formatters) {
+ if (candidate.canFormat(e.getClass())) {
+ formatter = candidate;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
+ PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(writer);
+ formatter.write(pw, e);
+ format(pw, e);
+ pw.close();
+ return writer.toString();
+ }
+
+ protected void format(PrintWriter writer, Throwable throwable) {
+ writer.println(throwable.getClass().getName());
+ StackTraceElement[] trace = throwable.getStackTrace();
+ for (StackTraceElement aTrace : trace) {
+ writer.println("\tat " + aTrace);
+ }
+ Throwable ourCause = throwable.getCause();
+
+ if (ourCause != null) {
+ printStackTraceAsCause(writer, ourCause, trace);
+ }
+ }
+
+ protected void printStackTraceAsCause(PrintWriter pw,
+ Throwable throwable,
+ StackTraceElement[] causedTrace) {
+
+ // Compute number of frames in common between this and caused
+ StackTraceElement[] trace = throwable.getStackTrace();
+ int m = trace.length - 1;
+ int n = causedTrace.length - 1;
+ while (m >= 0 && n >= 0 && trace[m].equals(causedTrace[n])) {
+ m--;
+ n--;
+ }
+ int framesInCommon = trace.length - 1 - m;
+
+ pw.println("Caused by: " + throwable.getClass().getName());
+
+ ExceptionFormatter formatter = defaultFormatter;
+ for (ExceptionFormatter candidate : formatters) {
+ if (candidate.canFormat(throwable.getClass())) {
+ formatter = candidate;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ formatter.write(pw, throwable);
+
+ for (int i = 0; i <= m; i++) {
+ pw.println("\tat " + trace[i]);
+ }
+ if (framesInCommon != 0) {
+ pw.println("\t... " + framesInCommon + " more");
+ }
+
+ // Recurse if we have a cause
+ Throwable ourCause = throwable.getCause();
+ if (ourCause != null) {
+ printStackTraceAsCause(pw, ourCause, trace);
+ }
+ }
+}