Moving 1.x branches

git-svn-id: http://svn.us.apache.org/repos/asf/tuscany@835145 13f79535-47bb-0310-9956-ffa450edef68

125 files changed, 16199 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/DataBinding.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/DataBinding.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7c4ed35eb3
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+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/DataBinding.java
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding;
+
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+
+/**
+ * DataBinding represents a data representation, for example, SDO, JAXB and AXIOM
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public interface DataBinding {
+    /**
+     * A special databinding for input message of an operation
+     */
+    String IDL_INPUT = "idl:input";
+    /**
+     * A special databinding for output message of an operation
+     */
+    String IDL_OUTPUT = "idl:output";
+    /**
+     * A special databinding for fault message of an operation
+     */
+    String IDL_FAULT = "idl:fault";
+    /**
+     * The name of a databinding should be case-insensitive and unique
+     * 
+     * @return The name of the databinding
+     */
+    String getName();
+
+    /**
+     * Introspect and populate information to a DataType model
+     * 
+     * @param dataType The data type to be introspected
+     * @param operation The operation
+     * @return true if the databinding has recognized the given data type
+     */
+    boolean introspect(DataType dataType, Operation operation);
+
+    /**
+     * Introspect the data to figure out the corresponding data type
+     * 
+     * @param value The object to be checked
+     * @param operation The operation
+     * @return The DataType or null if the java type is not supported by this databinding
+     */
+    DataType introspect(Object value, Operation operation);
+
+    /**
+     * Provide a WrapperHandler for this databinding
+     * @return A wrapper handler which can handle wrapping/wrapping for this databinding
+     */
+    WrapperHandler getWrapperHandler();
+
+    /**
+     * Make a copy of the object for "pass-by-value" semantics.
+     *
+     * @param object source object to copy 
+     * @param dataType The data type
+     * @param operation The operation
+     * @return copy of the object passed in as argument
+     */
+    Object copy(Object object, DataType dataType, Operation operation);
+    
+    /**
+     * Get the XML type helper for Java types
+     * @return The databinding-specific XML type helper class
+     */
+    XMLTypeHelper getXMLTypeHelper();
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/DataBindingExtensionPoint.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/DataBindingExtensionPoint.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2ff5d866b4
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+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/DataBindingExtensionPoint.java
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding;
+
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+
+/**
+ * An extension point for data binding extensions.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public interface DataBindingExtensionPoint {
+
+    /**
+     * Register a data binding
+     * 
+     * @param dataBinding
+     */
+    void addDataBinding(DataBinding dataBinding);
+
+    /**
+     * Look up a data binding by id
+     * 
+     * @param id The name of the databinding
+     * @return The databinding
+     */
+    DataBinding getDataBinding(String id);
+
+    /**
+     * Unregister a data binding
+     * 
+     * @param id
+     * @return The unregistered databinding
+     */
+    DataBinding removeDataBinding(String id);
+
+    /**
+     * Introspect the java class to figure out what DataType supports it.
+     * 
+     * @param dataType The initial data type
+     * @param operation TODO
+     * @return A DataType representing the java type or null if no databinding
+     *         recognizes the java type
+     */
+    boolean introspectType(DataType dataType, Operation operation);
+
+    /**
+     * Introspect the value to figure out the corresponding DataType
+     * 
+     * @param value The object value
+     * @param operation TODO
+     * @return A DataType representing the value or null if no databinding
+     *         recognizes the value
+     */
+    DataType introspectType(Object value, Operation operation);
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/DataPipe.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/DataPipe.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..505a810276
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/DataPipe.java
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding;
+
+/**
+ * Data pipe allows a data source pushes data into its sink and pipe the data into its result
+ * 
+ * @param <S> The data binding type of the sink
+ * @param <R> The data binding type of the result
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public interface DataPipe<S, R> {
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a sink (for example, java.io.OutputStream, java.io.Writer or org.xml.sax.ContentHandler) to receive data
+     * pushed by the source
+     * 
+     * @return The sink to consume data
+     */
+    S getSink();
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the data populated by the sink
+     * 
+     * @return
+     */
+    R getResult();
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/DataPipeTransformer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/DataPipeTransformer.java
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index 0000000000..1aac6d48be
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+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/DataPipeTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding;
+
+/**
+ * Data pipe allows a data source pushes data into its sink and pipe the data into its result
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public interface DataPipeTransformer<S, R> extends Transformer {
+
+    DataPipe<S, R> newInstance();
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/DefaultDataBindingExtensionPoint.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/DefaultDataBindingExtensionPoint.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b12d727ba9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/DefaultDataBindingExtensionPoint.java
@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.logging.Level;
+import java.util.logging.Logger;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.ExtensionPointRegistry;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans.JavaBeansDataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans.JavaExceptionDataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.extensibility.ServiceDeclaration;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.extensibility.ServiceDiscovery;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.impl.DataTypeImpl;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;
+
+/**
+ * The default implementation of a data binding extension point.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class DefaultDataBindingExtensionPoint implements DataBindingExtensionPoint {
+    private ExtensionPointRegistry registry;
+    private final Map<String, DataBinding> bindings = new HashMap<String, DataBinding>();
+    private final List<DataBinding> databindings = new ArrayList<DataBinding>();
+    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(DefaultDataBindingExtensionPoint.class.getName());
+    private boolean loadedDataBindings;
+
+    public DefaultDataBindingExtensionPoint() {
+    }
+
+    public DefaultDataBindingExtensionPoint(ExtensionPointRegistry registry) {
+        this.registry = registry;
+    }
+
+    public DataBinding getDataBinding(String id) {
+        if (id == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        DataBinding dataBinding = bindings.get(id.toLowerCase());
+        if (dataBinding == null) {
+            loadDataBindings();
+            dataBinding = bindings.get(id.toLowerCase());
+        }
+        return dataBinding;
+    }
+
+    public void addDataBinding(DataBinding dataBinding) {
+        if (logger.isLoggable(Level.FINE)) {
+            String className = dataBinding.getClass().getName();
+            boolean lazy = false;
+            if (dataBinding instanceof LazyDataBinding) {
+                className = ((LazyDataBinding)dataBinding).dataBindingDeclaration.getClassName();
+                lazy = true;
+            }
+            logger.fine("Adding databinding: " + className + ";name=" + dataBinding.getName() + ",lazy=" + lazy);
+        }
+        databindings.add(dataBinding);
+        bindings.put(dataBinding.getName().toLowerCase(), dataBinding);
+
+    }
+
+    public DataBinding removeDataBinding(String id) {
+        if (id == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        DataBinding dataBinding = bindings.remove(id.toLowerCase());
+        if (dataBinding != null) {
+            databindings.remove(dataBinding);
+        }
+        return dataBinding;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Dynamically load data bindings declared under META-INF/services
+     */
+    private synchronized void loadDataBindings() {
+        if (loadedDataBindings)
+            return;
+
+        // Get the databinding service declarations
+        Set<ServiceDeclaration> dataBindingDeclarations;
+        try {
+            dataBindingDeclarations = ServiceDiscovery.getInstance().getServiceDeclarations(DataBinding.class);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
+        }
+
+        // Load data bindings
+        for (ServiceDeclaration dataBindingDeclaration : dataBindingDeclarations) {
+            Map<String, String> attributes = dataBindingDeclaration.getAttributes();
+            String name = attributes.get("name");
+
+            // Create a data binding wrapper and register it
+            DataBinding dataBinding = new LazyDataBinding(name, dataBindingDeclaration);
+            addDataBinding(dataBinding);
+        }
+
+        loadedDataBindings = true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A data binding facade allowing data bindings to be lazily loaded and
+     * initialized.
+     */
+    private class LazyDataBinding implements DataBinding {
+
+        private String name;
+        private ServiceDeclaration dataBindingDeclaration;
+        private DataBinding dataBinding;
+
+        private LazyDataBinding(String type, ServiceDeclaration dataBindingDeclaration) {
+            this.name = type;
+            this.dataBindingDeclaration = dataBindingDeclaration;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Load and instantiate the data binding class.
+         *
+         * @return The data binding.
+         */
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        private DataBinding getDataBinding() {
+            if (dataBinding == null) {
+                try {
+                    Class<DataBinding> dataBindingClass = (Class<DataBinding>)dataBindingDeclaration.loadClass();
+                    try {
+                        Constructor<DataBinding> constructor = dataBindingClass.getConstructor();
+                        dataBinding = constructor.newInstance();
+                    } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
+                        Constructor<DataBinding> constructor =
+                            dataBindingClass.getConstructor(ExtensionPointRegistry.class);
+                        dataBinding = constructor.newInstance(DefaultDataBindingExtensionPoint.this.registry);
+                    }
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    throw new IllegalStateException(e);
+                }
+            }
+            return dataBinding;
+        }
+
+        public Object copy(Object object, DataType dataType, Operation operation) {
+            return getDataBinding().copy(object, dataType, operation);
+        }
+
+        public String getName() {
+            return name;
+        }
+
+        public XMLTypeHelper getXMLTypeHelper() {
+            return getDataBinding().getXMLTypeHelper();
+        }
+
+        public WrapperHandler getWrapperHandler() {
+            return getDataBinding().getWrapperHandler();
+        }
+
+        public boolean introspect(DataType dataType, Operation operation) {
+            return getDataBinding().introspect(dataType, operation);
+        }
+
+        public DataType introspect(Object value, Operation operation) {
+            return getDataBinding().introspect(value, operation);
+        }
+    }
+
+    //FIXME The following methods should not be on the extension point
+    // they should be on a separate class
+    public boolean introspectType(DataType dataType, Operation operation) {
+        loadDataBindings();
+        for (DataBinding binding : databindings) {
+            // don't introspect for JavaBeansDatabinding as all javatypes will
+            // anyways match to its basetype
+            // which is java.lang.Object. Default to this only if no databinding
+            // results
+            if (!binding.getName().equals(JavaBeansDataBinding.NAME)) {
+                if (binding.introspect(dataType, operation)) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        // FIXME: Should we honor the databinding from operation/interface
+        // level?
+        Class physical = dataType.getPhysical();
+        if (physical == Object.class) {
+            dataType.setDataBinding(JavaBeansDataBinding.NAME);
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (dataType.getPhysical().isArray()) {
+            introspectArray(dataType, operation);
+            return true;
+        } else if (Throwable.class.isAssignableFrom(physical)) {
+            dataType.setDataBinding(JavaExceptionDataBinding.NAME);
+            return true;
+        } else {
+            dataType.setDataBinding(JavaBeansDataBinding.NAME);
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private boolean introspectArray(DataType dataType, Operation operation) {
+        Class physical = dataType.getPhysical();
+        if (!physical.isArray() || physical == byte[].class) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        Class componentType = physical.getComponentType();
+        DataType logical = new DataTypeImpl(componentType, dataType.getLogical());
+        introspectType(logical, operation);
+        dataType.setDataBinding("java:array");
+        dataType.setLogical(logical);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public DataType introspectType(Object value, Operation operation) {
+        loadDataBindings();
+        DataType dataType = null;
+        for (DataBinding binding : databindings) {
+            // don't introspect for JavaBeansDatabinding as all javatypes will
+            // anyways match to its basetype
+            // which is java.lang.Object. Default to this only if no databinding
+            // results
+            if (!binding.getName().equals(JavaBeansDataBinding.NAME)) {
+                dataType = binding.introspect(value, operation);
+            }
+            if (dataType != null) {
+                return dataType;
+            }
+        }
+        return new DataTypeImpl<XMLType>(JavaBeansDataBinding.NAME, value.getClass(), XMLType.UNKNOWN);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/DefaultTransformerExtensionPoint.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/DefaultTransformerExtensionPoint.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e99dc2e029
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/DefaultTransformerExtensionPoint.java
@@ -0,0 +1,306 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.logging.Level;
+import java.util.logging.Logger;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.DirectedGraph;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.extensibility.ServiceDeclaration;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.extensibility.ServiceDiscovery;
+
+/**
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class DefaultTransformerExtensionPoint implements TransformerExtensionPoint {
+    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(DefaultTransformerExtensionPoint.class.getName());
+    private boolean loadedTransformers;
+
+    private final DirectedGraph<Object, Transformer> graph = new DirectedGraph<Object, Transformer>();
+
+    public DefaultTransformerExtensionPoint() {
+    }
+
+    public void addTransformer(String sourceType, String resultType, int weight, Transformer transformer, boolean publicTransformer) {
+        if (logger.isLoggable(Level.FINE)) {
+            String className = transformer.getClass().getName();
+            boolean lazy = false;
+            boolean pull = (transformer instanceof PullTransformer);
+            if (transformer instanceof LazyPullTransformer) {
+                className = ((LazyPullTransformer)transformer).transformerDeclaration.getClassName();
+                lazy = true;
+            }
+            if (transformer instanceof LazyPushTransformer) {
+                className = ((LazyPushTransformer)transformer).transformerDeclaration.getClassName();
+                lazy = true;
+            }
+
+            logger.fine("Adding transformer: " + className
+                + ";source="
+                + sourceType
+                + ",target="
+                + resultType
+                + ",weight="
+                + weight
+                + ",type="
+                + (pull ? "pull" : "push")
+                + ",lazy="
+                + lazy);
+        }
+        graph.addEdge(sourceType, resultType, transformer, weight, publicTransformer);
+    }
+
+    public void addTransformer(Transformer transformer, boolean publicTransformer) {
+        addTransformer(transformer.getSourceDataBinding(),
+                       transformer.getTargetDataBinding(),
+                       transformer.getWeight(),
+                       transformer, publicTransformer);
+    }
+
+    public boolean removeTransformer(String sourceType, String resultType) {
+        return graph.removeEdge(sourceType, resultType);
+    }
+
+    public Transformer getTransformer(String sourceType, String resultType) {
+        loadTransformers();
+
+        DirectedGraph<Object, Transformer>.Edge edge = graph.getEdge(sourceType, resultType);
+        return (edge == null) ? null : edge.getValue();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Dynamically load transformers registered under META-INF/services.
+     *
+     */
+    private synchronized void loadTransformers() {
+        if (loadedTransformers) {
+            return;
+        }
+        loadedTransformers = true;
+        loadTransformers(PullTransformer.class);
+        loadTransformers(PushTransformer.class);
+        
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Dynamically load transformers registered under META-INF/services.
+     * 
+     * @param transformerClass
+     */
+    private synchronized void loadTransformers(Class<?> transformerClass) {
+
+        // Get the transformer service declarations
+        Set<ServiceDeclaration> transformerDeclarations;
+
+        try {
+            transformerDeclarations = ServiceDiscovery.getInstance().getServiceDeclarations(transformerClass);
+
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
+        }
+
+        // Load transformers
+        for (ServiceDeclaration transformerDeclaration : transformerDeclarations) {
+            Map<String, String> attributes = transformerDeclaration.getAttributes();
+
+            String source = attributes.get("source");
+            String target = attributes.get("target");
+            int weight = Integer.valueOf(attributes.get("weight"));
+            String b = attributes.get("public");
+            boolean pub = true;
+            if (b != null) {
+                pub = Boolean.valueOf(b);
+            }
+
+            // Create a transformer wrapper and register it
+            Transformer transformer;
+            if (transformerClass == PullTransformer.class) {
+                transformer = new LazyPullTransformer(source, target, weight, transformerDeclaration);
+            } else {
+                transformer = new LazyPushTransformer(source, target, weight, transformerDeclaration);
+            }
+            addTransformer(transformer, pub);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A transformer facade allowing transformers to be lazily loaded
+     * and initialized.
+     */
+    private static class LazyPullTransformer implements PullTransformer<Object, Object> {
+
+        private String source;
+        private String target;
+        private int weight;
+        private ServiceDeclaration transformerDeclaration;
+        private PullTransformer<Object, Object> transformer;
+
+        public LazyPullTransformer(String source, String target, int weight, ServiceDeclaration transformerDeclaration) {
+            this.source = source;
+            this.target = target;
+            this.weight = weight;
+            this.transformerDeclaration = transformerDeclaration;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Load and instantiate the transformer class.
+         * 
+         * @return The transformer.
+         */
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        private PullTransformer<Object, Object> getTransformer() {
+            if (transformer == null) {
+                try {
+                    Class<PullTransformer<Object, Object>> transformerClass =
+                        (Class<PullTransformer<Object, Object>>)transformerDeclaration.loadClass();
+                    Constructor<PullTransformer<Object, Object>> constructor = transformerClass.getConstructor();
+                    transformer = constructor.newInstance();
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    throw new IllegalStateException(e);
+                }
+            }
+            return transformer;
+        }
+
+        public String getSourceDataBinding() {
+            return source;
+        }
+
+        public String getTargetDataBinding() {
+            return target;
+        }
+
+        public int getWeight() {
+            return weight;
+        }
+
+        public Object transform(Object source, TransformationContext context) {
+            return getTransformer().transform(source, context);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(super.toString());
+            sb.append(";className=").append(transformerDeclaration.getClassName());
+            return sb.toString();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A transformer facade allowing transformers to be lazily loaded
+     * and initialized.
+     */
+    private static class LazyPushTransformer implements PushTransformer<Object, Object> {
+
+        private String source;
+        private String target;
+        private int weight;
+        private ServiceDeclaration transformerDeclaration;
+        private PushTransformer<Object, Object> transformer;
+
+        public LazyPushTransformer(String source, String target, int weight, ServiceDeclaration transformerDeclaration) {
+            this.source = source;
+            this.target = target;
+            this.weight = weight;
+            this.transformerDeclaration = transformerDeclaration;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Load and instantiate the transformer class.
+         * 
+         * @return The transformer.
+         */
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        private PushTransformer<Object, Object> getTransformer() {
+            if (transformer == null) {
+                try {
+                    Class<PushTransformer<Object, Object>> transformerClass =
+                        (Class<PushTransformer<Object, Object>>)transformerDeclaration.loadClass();
+                    Constructor<PushTransformer<Object, Object>> constructor = transformerClass.getConstructor();
+                    transformer = constructor.newInstance();
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    throw new IllegalStateException(e);
+                }
+            }
+            return transformer;
+        }
+
+        public String getSourceDataBinding() {
+            return source;
+        }
+
+        public String getTargetDataBinding() {
+            return target;
+        }
+
+        public int getWeight() {
+            return weight;
+        }
+
+        public void transform(Object source, Object sink, TransformationContext context) {
+            getTransformer().transform(source, sink, context);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(super.toString());
+            sb.append(";className=").append(transformerDeclaration.getClassName());
+            return sb.toString();
+        }
+    }
+
+    //FIXME The following methods should be on a different class from
+    // extension point
+
+    public List<Transformer> getTransformerChain(String sourceType, String resultType) {
+        loadTransformers();
+
+        String source = sourceType;
+        String result = resultType;
+        List<Transformer> transformers = new ArrayList<Transformer>();
+        // First check if there is a direct path, if yes, use it regardless of the weight
+        DirectedGraph<Object, Transformer>.Edge link = graph.getEdge(sourceType, resultType);
+        if (link != null) {
+            transformers.add(link.getValue());
+        } else {
+            DirectedGraph<Object, Transformer>.Path path = graph.getShortestPath(source, result);
+            if (path == null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            for (DirectedGraph<Object, Transformer>.Edge edge : path.getEdges()) {
+                transformers.add(edge.getValue());
+            }
+        }
+        return transformers;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        loadTransformers();
+
+        return graph.toString();
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/Mediator.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/Mediator.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8184d739a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/Mediator.java
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+
+/**
+ * This interface will be used as a Tuscany system service to perform data mediations
+ *
+ * Mediate the data from one type to the other one
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public interface Mediator {
+
+    /**
+     * Mediate the data from the source type to the target type
+     * @param source The data to be mediated
+     * @param sourceDataType Data type for the source data
+     * @param targetDataType Data type for the target data
+     * @param context
+     * @return
+     */
+    Object mediate(Object source, DataType sourceDataType, DataType targetDataType, Map<String, Object> context);
+
+    /**
+     * Mediate the source data into the target which is a sink to receive the data
+     * @param source The data to be mediated
+     * @param target The sink to receive data
+     * @param sourceDataType Data type for the source data
+     * @param targetDataType Data type for the target data
+     */
+    void mediate(Object source,
+                 Object target,
+                 DataType sourceDataType,
+                 DataType targetDataType,
+                 Map<String, Object> context);
+
+    /**
+     * Transform the input parameters for the source operation to the expected parameters for
+     * the target operation
+     * @param input The input data, typically an array of parameters
+     * @param sourceOperation The source operation
+     * @param targetOperation The target operation
+     * @param metadata Additional metadata
+     * @return The transformed input data for the target operation
+     */
+    Object mediateInput(Object input, Operation sourceOperation, Operation targetOperation, Map<String, Object> metadata);
+
+    /**
+     * Transform the return value for the target operation to the expected return value for
+     * the source operation
+     * @param output The output data, typically the return value
+     * @param sourceOperation The source operation
+     * @param targetOperation The target operation
+     * @param metadata Additional metadata
+     * @return The transformed output data for the source operation
+     */
+    Object mediateOutput(Object output,
+                         Operation sourceOperation,
+                         Operation targetOperation,
+                         Map<String, Object> metadata);
+
+    /**
+     * Transform the fault data for the target operation to the expected fault data for
+     * the source operation
+     * @param fault The fault data, such as Java exception or fault message
+     * @param sourceOperation The source operation
+     * @param targetOperation The target operation
+     * @param metadata Additional metadata
+     * @return The transformed fault data for the source operation
+     */
+    Object mediateFault(Object fault, Operation sourceOperation, Operation targetOperation, Map<String, Object> metadata);
+
+    /**
+     * Copy the data
+     * @param data The orginal data
+     * @param dataType The data type
+     * @return The copy
+     */
+    Object copy(Object data, DataType dataType);
+
+    /**
+     * Copy an array of data objects passed to an operation
+     * @param data array of objects to copy
+     * @return the copy
+     */
+    public Object copyInput(Object input, Operation operation);
+
+    /**
+     * Copy the output data
+     * @param data The orginal output
+     * @param operation The operation
+     * @return The copy
+     */
+    Object copyOutput(Object data, Operation operation);
+
+    /**
+     * Copy the fault data
+     * @param fault The orginal fault data
+     * @param operation The operation
+     * @return The copy
+     */
+    Object copyFault(Object fault, Operation operation);
+
+    /**
+     * Get the DataBindings used by this mediator.
+     * @return
+     */
+    DataBindingExtensionPoint getDataBindings();
+
+    /**
+     * Get the Transformers used by this mediator.
+     * @return
+     */
+    TransformerExtensionPoint getTransformers();
+
+    /**
+     * Create an instance of TransformationContext
+     * @return
+     */
+    TransformationContext createTransformationContext();
+
+    /**
+     * Create an instance of TransformationContext
+     * @param sourceDataType
+     * @param targetDataType
+     * @param metadata
+     * @return
+     */
+    TransformationContext createTransformationContext(DataType sourceDataType,
+                                                      DataType targetDataType,
+                                                      Map<String, Object> metadata);
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/PullTransformer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/PullTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..81264923eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/PullTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding;
+
+/**
+ * PullTransformer transforms data from one binding format to the other one which can be directly consumed
+ * 
+ * @param <S> The source data type
+ * @param <R> the target data type
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public interface PullTransformer<S, R> extends Transformer {
+    /**
+     * Transform source data into the result type.
+     * 
+     * @param source The source data
+     * @param context The context for the transformation
+     * @return The transformed result
+     */
+    R transform(S source, TransformationContext context);
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/PushTransformer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/PushTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..600a6477f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/PushTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding;
+
+/**
+ * A transformer that pushes data from its source into the sink
+ * 
+ * @param <S>
+ * @param <R>
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public interface PushTransformer<S, R> extends Transformer {
+    /**
+     * @param source The source data
+     * @param sink The sink to receive the data 
+     * @param context
+     */
+    void transform(S source, R sink, TransformationContext context);
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/SimpleTypeMapper.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/SimpleTypeMapper.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4e6d130aa9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/SimpleTypeMapper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+/**
+ * Type Mapper between XML schema simple data types and java objects
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public interface SimpleTypeMapper {
+    /**
+     * Parse the XML lexical representation into a java object 
+     * @param simpleType The XSD simple type
+     * @param value the XML lexical representation
+     * @param context The context of the transformation
+     * @return A java object for the XML value
+     */
+    Object toJavaObject(QName simpleType, String value, TransformationContext context);
+    /**
+     * Create the XML lexical representation for a java object
+     * @param simpleType The XSD simple type
+     * @param obj The java object
+     * @param context The context of the transformation
+     * @return The XML lexical representation
+     */
+    String toXMLLiteral(QName simpleType, Object obj, TransformationContext context);
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/TransformationContext.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/TransformationContext.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9ffadd1eae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/TransformationContext.java
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+
+/**
+ * Context for data transformation
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public interface TransformationContext {
+
+    /**
+     * @return
+     */
+    Operation getSourceOperation();
+
+    /**
+     * @param sourceOperation
+     */
+    void setSourceOperation(Operation sourceOperation);
+
+    /**
+     * @return
+     */
+    Operation getTargetOperation();
+
+    /**
+     * @param targetOperation
+     */
+    void setTargetOperation(Operation targetOperation);
+
+    /**
+     * Get the source data type
+     * 
+     * @return
+     */
+    DataType getSourceDataType();
+
+    /**
+     * Get the target data type
+     * 
+     * @return
+     */
+    DataType getTargetDataType();
+
+    /**
+     * Set the source data type
+     * 
+     * @param sourceDataType
+     */
+    void setSourceDataType(DataType sourceDataType);
+
+    /**
+     * Set the target data type
+     * 
+     * @param targetDataType
+     */
+    void setTargetDataType(DataType targetDataType);
+
+    /**
+     * Get the ClassLoader
+     * 
+     * @return Returns the ClassLoader
+     */
+    ClassLoader getClassLoader();
+
+    /**
+     * Get a map of metadata
+     * 
+     * @return Returns a map of the metadata
+     */
+    Map<String, Object> getMetadata();
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/TransformationException.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/TransformationException.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4f949f7dff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/TransformationException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding;
+
+
+/**
+ * Reports problems during data transformation
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class TransformationException extends RuntimeException {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 7662385613693006428L;
+    private String sourceDataBinding;
+    private String targetDataBinding;
+
+    public TransformationException() {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public TransformationException(String message, Throwable cause) {
+        super(message, cause);
+    }
+
+    public TransformationException(String message) {
+        super(message);
+    }
+
+    public TransformationException(Throwable cause) {
+        super(cause);
+    }
+
+    public String getSourceDataBinding() {
+        return sourceDataBinding;
+    }
+
+    public void setSourceDataBinding(String sourceDataBinding) {
+        this.sourceDataBinding = sourceDataBinding;
+    }
+
+    public String getTargetDataBinding() {
+        return targetDataBinding;
+    }
+
+    public void setTargetDataBinding(String targetDataBinding) {
+        this.targetDataBinding = targetDataBinding;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/Transformer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/Transformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2aa0ad7c15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/Transformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding;
+
+/**
+ * A transformer provides the data transformation from source type to target type. The cost of the transformation is
+ * modelled as weight.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public interface Transformer {
+    /**
+     * Get the source type that this transformer transforms data from. The type is used as the key when the transformer
+     * is registered with TransformerRegistry.
+     * 
+     * @return A key identifying the source type
+     */
+    String getSourceDataBinding();
+
+    /**
+     * Get the target type that this transformer transforms data into. The type is used as the key when the transformer
+     * is registered with TransformerRegistry.
+     * 
+     * @return A key identifying the target type
+     */
+    String getTargetDataBinding();
+
+    /**
+     * Get the cost of the transformation. The weight can be used to choose the most efficient path if there are more
+     * than one available from the source to the target.
+     * 
+     * @return An integer representing the cost of the transformation
+     */
+    int getWeight();
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/TransformerExtensionPoint.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/TransformerExtensionPoint.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ee7efe4860
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/TransformerExtensionPoint.java
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * An extension point for data transformer extensions.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public interface TransformerExtensionPoint {
+
+    /**
+     * Register a transformer
+     * 
+     * @param sourceDataBinding
+     * @param targetDataBinding
+     * @param weight
+     * @param transformer
+     * @param publicTransformer TODO
+     */
+    void addTransformer(String sourceDataBinding,
+                        String targetDataBinding,
+                        int weight,
+                        Transformer transformer,
+                        boolean publicTransformer);
+
+    /**
+     * Register a transformer
+     * 
+     * @param transformer
+     * @param publicTransformer TODO
+     */
+    void addTransformer(Transformer transformer, boolean publicTransformer);
+
+    /**
+     * Unregister a transformer
+     * 
+     * @param sourceDataBinding
+     * @param targetDataBinding
+     * @return
+     */
+    boolean removeTransformer(String sourceDataBinding, String targetDataBinding);
+
+    /**
+     * Get the direct Transformer which can transform data from source type to
+     * result type
+     * 
+     * @param sourceDataBinding
+     * @param targetDataBinding
+     * @return
+     */
+    Transformer getTransformer(String sourceDataBinding, String targetDataBinding);
+
+    /**
+     * Get the a chain of Transformers which can transform data from source type
+     * to result type
+     * 
+     * @param sourceDataBinding
+     * @param targetDataBinding
+     * @return
+     */
+    List<Transformer> getTransformerChain(String sourceDataBinding, String targetDataBinding);
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/WrapperHandler.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/WrapperHandler.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a91410ed71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/WrapperHandler.java
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+
+/**
+ * A contract for transformers to deal with wrapping/unwrapping for WSDL wrapper style operations
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public interface WrapperHandler<T> {
+    /**
+     * Create a wrapper element
+     * @param operation The operation
+     * @param input Is it for input or output
+     * @return An object representing the wrapper element
+     */
+    T create(Operation operation, boolean input);
+
+    /**
+     * Get the data type for the wrapper
+     * @param operation The operation
+     * @param input Is it for input or output?
+     * @return The data type of the wrapper, null if it's not a wrapper type
+     */
+    DataType getWrapperType(Operation operation, boolean input);
+
+    /**
+     * Check if the given data is an instance of the wrapper
+     * @param wrapper
+     * @param operation The operation
+     * @param input Input or output
+     * @return
+     */
+    boolean isInstance(Object wrapper, Operation operation, boolean input);
+
+    /**
+     * Populate the wrapper element with the child objects
+     * @param wrapper The wrapper object
+     * @param childObjects The child objects
+     * @param operation The operation
+     * @param input Is it for input or output
+     */
+    public void setChildren(T wrapper,
+                            Object[] childObjects,
+                            Operation operation,
+                            boolean input);
+
+    /**
+     * Get a list of child elements from the wrapper
+     * @param wrapper The wrapper object
+     * @param operation The operation
+     * @param input Is it for input or output
+     * @return child elements under the wrapper
+     */
+    List getChildren(T wrapper, Operation operation, boolean input);
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/XMLTypeHelper.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/XMLTypeHelper.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e940f8675f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/XMLTypeHelper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.contribution.resolver.ModelResolver;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Interface;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.TypeInfo;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.xsd.XSDFactory;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.xsd.XSDefinition;
+
+/**
+ * XML and schema helper for Java types
+ */
+public interface XMLTypeHelper {
+
+    // FIXME: This method seems to require the XMLHelper instance to be stateful
+    /**
+     * Convert a Java type into XML type information 
+     * @param javaType the physical Java class
+     * @param logical the logical type information
+     * @return the XML type information
+     */
+    TypeInfo getTypeInfo(Class javaType, Object logical);
+
+    /**
+     * Get schema definitions for the Java types known to this helper
+     * @return A list of schema definitions
+     */
+    // List<XSDefinition> getSchemaDefinitions(XSDFactory factory, ModelResolver resolver);
+    
+    /**
+     * Get a list of XML schemas for the given data types
+     * @param factory
+     * @param resolver
+     * @param dataTypes
+     * @return
+     */
+    List<XSDefinition> getSchemaDefinitions(XSDFactory factory, ModelResolver resolver, List<DataType> dataTypes);
+    /**
+     * Get a list of XML schemas for the given interface
+     * @param factory
+     * @param resolver
+     * @param intf
+     * @return
+     */
+    List<XSDefinition> getSchemaDefinitions(XSDFactory factory, ModelResolver resolver, Interface intf);
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/annotation/DataBinding.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/annotation/DataBinding.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4405077e29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/annotation/DataBinding.java
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.annotation;
+
+import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.METHOD;
+import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.TYPE;
+import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.Target;
+
+/**
+ * Used to demarcate the mapping style for an interface or operation
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+// FIXME: [rfeng] We should consider to use javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding
+@Target({TYPE, METHOD})
+@Retention(RUNTIME)
+public @interface DataBinding {
+
+    /**
+     * Indicate the effective databinding that controls the WSDL/Java mapping of the 
+     * interface/operation
+     * 
+     * @return the data binding with the MIME media type syntax
+     */
+    String value();
+    
+    /**
+     * Indicate if the operation is mapped using WRAPPED or BARE style. Originated from
+     * javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding.ParameterStyle: Determines whether method parameters 
+     * represent the entire message body, or whether the parameters are elements wrapped 
+     * inside a top-level element named after the operation
+     * 
+     * @return true if the parameter style is WRAPPED, false if BARE
+     */
+    boolean wrapped() default false;
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/annotation/DataType.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/annotation/DataType.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..650e909c61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/annotation/DataType.java
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.annotation;
+
+import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.METHOD;
+import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.PARAMETER;
+import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.Target;
+
+/**
+ * Used to demarcate expected data types for parameters and return type
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+@Target( {METHOD, PARAMETER})
+@Retention(RUNTIME)
+public @interface DataType {
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the data binding configuration in MIME media type syntax
+     * @return the data binding
+     */
+    String value();
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/externalizable/ExternalizableDataBinding.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/externalizable/ExternalizableDataBinding.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6f3456fdf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/externalizable/ExternalizableDataBinding.java
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*

+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

+ * distributed with this work for additional information

+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

+ * 

+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

+ * 

+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an

+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the

+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations

+ * under the License.    

+ */

+

+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.externalizable;

+

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseDataBinding;

+

+/**

+ * DataNinding for Externalizable objects.

+ *

+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$

+ */

+public class ExternalizableDataBinding extends BaseDataBinding {

+    

+    public static final String NAME = java.io.Externalizable.class.getName();

+

+    public ExternalizableDataBinding() {

+        super(NAME, java.io.Externalizable.class);

+    }

+

+    

+

+}

diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/BaseDataBinding.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/BaseDataBinding.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..04c2f0e0c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/BaseDataBinding.java
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl;
+
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.SimpleTypeMapper;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.WrapperHandler;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.XMLTypeHelper;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.impl.DataTypeImpl;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;
+
+/**
+ * Base Implementation of DataBinding
+ * 
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public abstract class BaseDataBinding implements DataBinding {
+
+    private Class<?> baseType;
+
+    private String name;
+
+    /**
+     * Create a databinding with the base java type whose name will be used as
+     * the name of the databinding
+     * 
+     * @param baseType The base java class or interface representing the
+     *            databinding, for example, org.w3c.dom.Node
+     */
+    protected BaseDataBinding(Class<?> baseType) {
+        this(baseType.getName(), baseType);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a databinding with the name and base java type
+     * 
+     * @param name The name of the databinding
+     * @param baseType The base java class or interface representing the
+     *            databinding, for example, org.w3c.dom.Node
+     */
+    protected BaseDataBinding(String name, Class<?> baseType) {
+        this.name = name;
+        this.baseType = baseType;
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public boolean introspect(DataType type, Operation operation) {
+        assert type != null;
+        Class cls = type.getPhysical();
+        if (baseType != null && baseType.isAssignableFrom(cls)) {
+            type.setDataBinding(getName());
+            if (type.getLogical() == null) {
+                type.setLogical(XMLType.UNKNOWN);
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public DataType introspect(Object value, Operation operation) {
+        if (value == null) {
+            return null;
+        } else {
+            DataType<Class> dataType = new DataTypeImpl<Class>(value.getClass(), value.getClass());
+            if (introspect(dataType, (Operation) null)) {
+                return dataType;
+            } else {
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public final String getName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBinding#getWrapperHandler()
+     */
+    public WrapperHandler getWrapperHandler() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public Object copy(Object object, DataType dataType, Operation operation) {
+        return object;
+    }
+
+    public XMLTypeHelper getXMLTypeHelper() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/BaseTransformer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/BaseTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..94a2cdb0bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/BaseTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Transformer;
+
+/**
+ * Base Implementation of Transformer which provides the registration to the
+ * transformer registry
+ * 
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public abstract class BaseTransformer<S, T> implements Transformer {
+
+    protected BaseTransformer() {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    protected abstract Class<S> getSourceType();
+
+    protected abstract Class<T> getTargetType();
+
+    public String getSourceDataBinding() {
+        return getSourceType().getName();
+    }
+
+    public String getTargetDataBinding() {
+        return getTargetType().getName();
+    }
+
+    public int getWeight() {
+        // default to 50
+        return 50;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/DOMHelper.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/DOMHelper.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..64b3d22c10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/DOMHelper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
+import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
+import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;
+import org.w3c.dom.Attr;
+import org.w3c.dom.Document;
+import org.w3c.dom.Element;
+import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+
+/**
+ * Helper for DOM
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public final class DOMHelper {
+    private static DocumentBuilderFactory FACTORY;
+
+    private DOMHelper() {
+    }
+
+    public static Document newDocument() throws ParserConfigurationException {
+        return newDocumentBuilder().newDocument();
+    }
+
+    public static DocumentBuilder newDocumentBuilder() throws ParserConfigurationException {
+        init();
+        return FACTORY.newDocumentBuilder();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 
+     */
+    private static synchronized void init() {
+        if (FACTORY == null) {
+            FACTORY = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
+            FACTORY.setNamespaceAware(true);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static QName getQName(Node node) {
+        String ns = node.getNamespaceURI();
+        if (ns == null) {
+            ns = "";
+        }
+        // node.getLocalName() will return null if it is created using DOM Level
+        // 1 method
+        // such as createElement()
+        return new QName(ns, node.getNodeName());
+    }
+
+    public static Element createElement(Document document, QName name) {
+        String prefix = name.getPrefix();
+        String qname =
+            (prefix != null && prefix.length() > 0) ? prefix + ":" + name.getLocalPart() : name.getLocalPart();
+        return document.createElementNS(name.getNamespaceURI(), qname);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Wrap an element as a DOM document
+     * @param node
+     * @return
+     */
+    public static Document promote(Node node) {
+        if (node instanceof Document) {
+            return (Document)node;
+        }
+        Element element = (Element)node;
+        Document doc = element.getOwnerDocument();
+        if (doc.getDocumentElement() == element) {
+            return doc;
+        }
+        doc = (Document)element.getOwnerDocument().cloneNode(false);
+        Element schema = (Element)doc.importNode(element, true);
+        doc.appendChild(schema);
+        Node parent = element.getParentNode();
+        while (parent instanceof Element) {
+            Element root = (Element)parent;
+            NamedNodeMap nodeMap = root.getAttributes();
+            for (int i = 0; i < nodeMap.getLength(); i++) {
+                Attr attr = (Attr)nodeMap.item(i);
+                String name = attr.getName();
+                if ("xmlns".equals(name) || name.startsWith("xmlns:")) {
+                    if (schema.getAttributeNode(name) == null) {
+                        schema.setAttributeNodeNS((Attr)doc.importNode(attr, true));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            parent = parent.getParentNode();
+        }
+        return doc;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param context
+     * @param element
+     */
+    public static Element adjustElementName(TransformationContext context, Element element) {
+        if (context != null) {
+            DataType dataType = context.getTargetDataType();
+            Object logical = dataType == null ? null : dataType.getLogical();
+            if (!(logical instanceof XMLType)) {
+                return element;
+            }
+            XMLType xmlType = (XMLType)logical;
+            QName name = new QName(element.getNamespaceURI(), element.getLocalName());
+            if (xmlType.isElement() && !xmlType.getElementName().equals(name)) {
+                QName newName = xmlType.getElementName();
+                String prefix = newName.getPrefix();
+                String qname = newName.getLocalPart();
+                if (prefix != null && !prefix.equals("")) {
+                    qname = prefix + ":" + qname;
+                }
+                Document doc = element.getOwnerDocument();
+                Element newElement = doc.createElementNS(newName.getNamespaceURI(), qname);
+                // Copy the attributes to the new element
+                NamedNodeMap attrs = element.getAttributes();
+                for (int i = 0; i < attrs.getLength(); i++) {
+                    Attr attr = (Attr)doc.importNode(attrs.item(i), true);
+                    newElement.getAttributes().setNamedItem(attr);
+                }
+
+                // Move all the children
+                while (element.hasChildNodes()) {
+                    newElement.appendChild(element.getFirstChild());
+                }
+
+                // Replace the old node with the new node
+                if (element.getParentNode() != null) {
+                    element.getParentNode().replaceChild(newElement, element);
+                }
+
+                return newElement;
+            }
+        }
+        return element;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/DirectedGraph.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/DirectedGraph.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..01916dfb96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/DirectedGraph.java
@@ -0,0 +1,452 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+
+/**
+ * Directed, weighted graph
+ * 
+ * @param <V> The type of vertex object
+ * @param <E> The type of edge object
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class DirectedGraph<V, E> implements Cloneable {
+    private final Map<V, Vertex> vertices = new HashMap<V, Vertex>();
+
+    /**
+     * Key for the shortest path cache
+     */
+    private final class VertexPair {
+        private Vertex source;
+
+        private Vertex target;
+
+        /**
+         * @param source
+         * @param target
+         */
+        private VertexPair(Vertex source, Vertex target) {
+            super();
+            this.source = source;
+            this.target = target;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(Object object) {
+            if (!VertexPair.class.isInstance(object)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            VertexPair pair = (VertexPair)object;
+            return source == pair.source && target == pair.target;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int hashCode() {
+            int x = source == null ? 0 : source.hashCode();
+            int y = target == null ? 0 : target.hashCode();
+            return x ^ y;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    // Fix for TUSCANY-2069, making the map concurrent
+    private final Map<VertexPair, Path> paths = new ConcurrentHashMap<VertexPair, Path>();
+    private final Path NULL_PATH = new Path();
+
+    /**
+     * Vertex of a graph
+     */
+    public final class Vertex {
+        private V value;
+
+        // TODO: Do we want to support multiple edges for a vertex pair? If so,
+        // we should use a List instead of Map
+        private Map<Vertex, Edge> outEdges = new HashMap<Vertex, Edge>();
+        private Map<Vertex, Edge> inEdges = new HashMap<Vertex, Edge>();
+
+        private Vertex(V value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "(" + value + ")";
+        }
+
+        public V getValue() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+        public Map<Vertex, Edge> getOutEdges() {
+            return outEdges;
+        }
+
+        public Map<Vertex, Edge> getInEdges() {
+            return inEdges;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * An Edge connects two vertices in one direction
+     */
+    public final class Edge {
+        private Vertex sourceVertex;
+
+        private Vertex targetVertex;
+
+        private E value;
+
+        private int weight;
+
+        private boolean pub = true;
+
+        public Edge(Vertex source, Vertex target, E value, int weight, boolean pub) {
+            this.sourceVertex = source;
+            this.targetVertex = target;
+            this.value = value;
+            this.weight = weight;
+            this.pub = pub;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return sourceVertex + "->" + targetVertex + "[" + value + "," + weight + "]";
+        }
+
+        public E getValue() {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+        public void setValue(E value) {
+            this.value = value;
+        }
+
+        public Vertex getTargetVertex() {
+            return targetVertex;
+        }
+
+        public void setTargetVertex(Vertex vertex) {
+            this.targetVertex = vertex;
+        }
+
+        public int getWeight() {
+            return weight;
+        }
+
+        public void setWeight(int weight) {
+            this.weight = weight;
+        }
+
+        public Vertex getSourceVertex() {
+            return sourceVertex;
+        }
+
+        public void setSourceVertex(Vertex sourceVertex) {
+            this.sourceVertex = sourceVertex;
+        }
+
+        public boolean isPublic() {
+            return pub;
+        }
+
+        public void setPublic(boolean pub) {
+            this.pub = pub;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final class Node implements Comparable<Node> {
+
+        private long distance = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+
+        private Node previous; // NOPMD by rfeng on 9/26/06 9:17 PM
+
+        private Vertex vertex; // NOPMD by rfeng on 9/26/06 9:17 PM
+
+        private Node(Vertex vertex) {
+            this.vertex = vertex;
+        }
+
+        public int compareTo(Node o) {
+            return (distance > o.distance) ? 1 : ((distance == o.distance) ? 0 : -1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void addEdge(V source, V target, E edgeValue, int weight, boolean publicEdge) {
+        Vertex s = getVertex(source);
+        if (s == null) {
+            s = new Vertex(source);
+            vertices.put(source, s);
+        }
+        Vertex t = getVertex(target);
+        if (t == null) {
+            t = new Vertex(target);
+            vertices.put(target, t);
+        }
+        Edge edge = new Edge(s, t, edgeValue, weight, publicEdge);
+        s.outEdges.put(t, edge);
+        t.inEdges.put(s, edge);
+    }
+
+    public void addEdge(V soure, V target) {
+        addEdge(soure, target, null, 0, true);
+    }
+
+    public Vertex getVertex(V source) {
+        Vertex s = vertices.get(source);
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    public boolean removeEdge(V source, V target) {
+        Vertex s = getVertex(source);
+        if (s == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        Vertex t = getVertex(target);
+        if (t == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return s.outEdges.remove(t) != null && t.inEdges.remove(s) != null;
+
+    }
+
+    public void removeEdge(Edge edge) {
+        edge.sourceVertex.outEdges.remove(edge.targetVertex);
+        edge.targetVertex.inEdges.remove(edge.sourceVertex);
+    }
+
+    public void removeVertex(Vertex vertex) {
+        vertices.remove(vertex.getValue());
+        for (Edge e : new ArrayList<Edge>(vertex.outEdges.values())) {
+            removeEdge(e);
+        }
+        for (Edge e : new ArrayList<Edge>(vertex.inEdges.values())) {
+            removeEdge(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public Edge getEdge(Vertex source, Vertex target) {
+        return source.outEdges.get(target);
+    }
+
+    public Edge getEdge(V source, V target) {
+        Vertex sv = getVertex(source);
+        if (sv == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        Vertex tv = getVertex(target);
+        if (tv == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return getEdge(getVertex(source), getVertex(target));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the shortest path from the source vertex to the target vertex using
+     * Dijkstra's algorithm. If there's no path, null will be returned. If the
+     * source is the same as the target, it returns a path with empty edges with
+     * weight 0.
+     * 
+     * @param sourceValue The value identifies the source
+     * @param targetValue The value identifies the target
+     * @return The shortest path
+     */
+    public Path getShortestPath(V sourceValue, V targetValue) {
+        Vertex source = getVertex(sourceValue);
+        if (source == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        Vertex target = getVertex(targetValue);
+        if (target == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        VertexPair pair = new VertexPair(source, target);
+        Path path = null;
+        if (paths.containsKey(pair)) {
+            path = paths.get(pair);
+            return path == NULL_PATH? null: path;
+        }
+
+        // Check if there is a direct link, if yes, use it instead
+        Edge direct = getEdge(source, target);
+        path = new Path();
+        if (direct != null) {
+            path.addEdge(direct);
+            paths.put(pair, path);
+            return path;
+        }
+
+        Map<Vertex, Node> nodes = new HashMap<Vertex, Node>();
+        for (Vertex v : vertices.values()) {
+            Node node = new Node(v);
+            if (v == source) {
+                node.distance = 0;
+            }
+            nodes.put(v, node);
+        }
+
+        Set<Node> otherNodes = new HashSet<Node>(nodes.values());
+        Set<Node> nodesOnPath = new HashSet<Node>();
+        Node nextNode = null;
+        while (!otherNodes.isEmpty()) {
+            nextNode = extractMin(otherNodes);
+            if (nextNode.vertex == target) {
+                path = getPath(nextNode);
+                paths.put(pair, path); // Cache it
+                return path == NULL_PATH? null: path;
+            }
+            nodesOnPath.add(nextNode);
+            for (Edge edge : nextNode.vertex.outEdges.values()) {
+                Node adjacentNode = nodes.get(edge.targetVertex);
+                // The private edge can only be used if the edge connects to the target directly
+                if (edge.isPublic() || edge.getTargetVertex() == target) {
+                    if (nextNode.distance + edge.weight < adjacentNode.distance) {
+                        adjacentNode.distance = nextNode.distance + edge.weight;
+                        adjacentNode.previous = nextNode;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        paths.put(pair, NULL_PATH); // Cache it
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Searches for the vertex u in the vertex set Q that has the least d[u]
+     * value. That vertex is removed from the set Q and returned to the user.
+     * 
+     * @param nodes
+     * @return
+     */
+    private Node extractMin(Set<Node> nodes) {
+        Node node = Collections.min(nodes);
+        nodes.remove(node);
+        return node;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The path between two vertices
+     */
+    public final class Path {
+        private List<Edge> edges = new LinkedList<Edge>();
+
+        private int weight;
+
+        public int getWeight() {
+            return weight;
+        }
+
+        public List<Edge> getEdges() {
+            return edges;
+        }
+
+        public void addEdge(Edge edge) {
+            edges.add(0, edge);
+            weight += edge.weight;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return edges + ", " + weight;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private Path getPath(Node t) {
+        if (t.distance == Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
+            return NULL_PATH;
+        }
+        Path path = new Path();
+        Node u = t;
+        while (u.previous != null) {
+            Edge edge = getEdge(u.previous.vertex, u.vertex);
+            path.addEdge(edge);
+            u = u.previous;
+        }
+        return path;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
+        for (Vertex v : vertices.values()) {
+            sb.append(v.outEdges.values()).append("\n");
+        }
+        return sb.toString();
+    }
+
+    public Map<V, Vertex> getVertices() {
+        return vertices;
+    }
+
+    public void addGraph(DirectedGraph<V, E> otherGraph) {
+        for (Vertex v : otherGraph.vertices.values()) {
+            for (Edge e : v.outEdges.values()) {
+                addEdge(e.sourceVertex.value, e.targetVertex.value, e.value, e.weight, true);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private Vertex getFirst() {
+        for (Vertex v : vertices.values()) {
+            if (v.inEdges.isEmpty()) {
+                return v;
+            }
+        }
+        if (!vertices.isEmpty()) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Circular ordering has been detected: " + toString());
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public List<V> topologicalSort(boolean readOnly) {
+        DirectedGraph<V, E> graph = (!readOnly) ? this : (DirectedGraph<V, E>)clone();
+        List<V> list = new ArrayList<V>();
+        while (true) {
+            Vertex v = graph.getFirst();
+            if (v == null) {
+                break;
+            }
+            list.add(v.getValue());
+            graph.removeVertex(v);
+        }
+
+        return list;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Object clone() {
+        DirectedGraph<V, E> copy = new DirectedGraph<V, E>();
+        copy.addGraph(this);
+        return copy;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/Group2GroupTransformer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/Group2GroupTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cc7b40d06b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/Group2GroupTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Mediator;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+
+/**
+ * This is a special transformer to transform the output from one IDL to the
+ * other one
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class Group2GroupTransformer extends BaseTransformer<Object, Object> implements
+    PullTransformer<Object, Object> {
+
+    protected Mediator mediator;
+
+    /**
+     * @param wrapperHandler
+     */
+    public Group2GroupTransformer() {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param mediator the mediator to set
+     */
+    public void setMediator(Mediator mediator) {
+        this.mediator = mediator;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getSourceDataBinding() {
+        return GroupDataBinding.NAME;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getTargetDataBinding() {
+        return GroupDataBinding.NAME;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer#getSourceType()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Object> getSourceType() {
+        return Object.class;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer#getTargetType()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Object> getTargetType() {
+        return Object.class;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Transformer#getWeight()
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 10;
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public Object transform(Object source, TransformationContext context) {
+        DataType<DataType> sourceType = context.getSourceDataType();
+        DataType<DataType> targetType = context.getTargetDataType();
+
+        return mediator.mediate(source, sourceType.getLogical(), targetType.getLogical(), context.getMetadata());
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/GroupDataBinding.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/GroupDataBinding.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..70efd6a5c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/GroupDataBinding.java
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
+import java.lang.reflect.Type;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;
+
+/**
+ * The base class for a special databinding which represents a group of other databindings
+ * 
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public abstract class GroupDataBinding extends BaseDataBinding {
+    public static final String NAME = "databinding:group";
+
+    /**
+     * Marker type is a java class or interface representing the data format. 
+     */
+    protected Class[] markerTypes;
+
+    public GroupDataBinding(Class[] types) {
+        super(NAME, GroupDataBinding.class);
+        this.markerTypes = types;
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    @Override
+    public boolean introspect(DataType type, Operation operation) {
+        if (markerTypes == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        Type physical = type.getPhysical();
+        if (physical instanceof ParameterizedType) {
+            physical = ((ParameterizedType)physical).getRawType();
+        }
+        if (!(physical instanceof Class)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        Class cls = (Class)physical;
+        for (Class<?> c : markerTypes) {
+            if (isTypeOf(c, cls)) {
+                type.setDataBinding(getDataBinding(c));
+                Object logical = getLogical(cls, null);
+                if (logical != null) {
+                    type.setLogical(getLogical(cls, null));
+                } else {
+                    type.setLogical(XMLType.UNKNOWN);
+                }
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test if the given type is a subtype of the base type
+     * @param markerType
+     * @param type
+     * @return
+     */
+    protected boolean isTypeOf(Class<?> markerType, Class<?> type) {
+        return markerType.isAssignableFrom(type);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Derive the databinding name from a base class
+     * @param baseType
+     * @return
+     */
+    protected String getDataBinding(Class<?> baseType) {
+        return baseType.getName();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the logical type
+     * @param type The java type
+     * @param operation TODO
+     * @return
+     */
+    protected abstract Object getLogical(Class<?> type, Operation operation);
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/Java2SimpleTypeTransformer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/Java2SimpleTypeTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..45896ca6a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/Java2SimpleTypeTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.SimpleTypeMapper;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans.SimpleJavaDataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;
+
+/**
+ * Transformer to convert data from a simple java object to a databinding's representation
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public abstract class Java2SimpleTypeTransformer<T> extends BaseTransformer<Object, T> implements
+        PullTransformer<Object, T> {
+
+    protected SimpleTypeMapper mapper;
+
+    public Java2SimpleTypeTransformer() {
+        this.mapper = new SimpleTypeMapperImpl();
+    }
+    
+    public Java2SimpleTypeTransformer(SimpleTypeMapper mapper) {
+        this.mapper = (mapper != null) ? mapper : new SimpleTypeMapperImpl();
+    }
+
+    public T transform(Object source, TransformationContext context) {
+        XMLType xmlType = (XMLType) context.getTargetDataType().getLogical();
+        String text = mapper.toXMLLiteral(xmlType.getTypeName(), source, context);
+        return createElement(xmlType.getElementName(), text, context);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Class<Object> getSourceType() {
+        return Object.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 10000;
+    }
+
+    protected abstract T createElement(QName element, String literal, TransformationContext context);
+
+    @Override
+    public String getSourceDataBinding() {
+        return SimpleJavaDataBinding.NAME;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/MediatorImpl.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/MediatorImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d94166588b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/MediatorImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,585 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl;
+
+import static org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBinding.IDL_FAULT;
+import static org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBinding.IDL_OUTPUT;
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.security.AccessController;
+import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.ExtensionPointRegistry;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.UtilityExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBindingExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataPipe;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataPipeTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Mediator;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PushTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Transformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformerExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans.JavaBeansDataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.FaultExceptionMapper;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.impl.DataTypeImpl;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.FaultException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;
+import org.osoa.sca.ServiceRuntimeException;
+
+/**
+ * Default Mediator implementation
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class MediatorImpl implements Mediator {
+    private static final String TARGET_OPERATION = "target.operation";
+    private static final String SOURCE_OPERATION = "source.operation";
+    private ExtensionPointRegistry registry;
+    private DataBindingExtensionPoint dataBindings;
+    private TransformerExtensionPoint transformers;
+    private FaultExceptionMapper faultExceptionMapper;
+
+    MediatorImpl(DataBindingExtensionPoint dataBindings, TransformerExtensionPoint transformers) {
+        this.dataBindings = dataBindings;
+        this.transformers = transformers;
+    }
+
+    public MediatorImpl(ExtensionPointRegistry registry) {
+        this.registry = registry;
+        this.dataBindings = registry.getExtensionPoint(DataBindingExtensionPoint.class);
+        this.transformers = registry.getExtensionPoint(TransformerExtensionPoint.class);
+        this.faultExceptionMapper =
+            registry.getExtensionPoint(UtilityExtensionPoint.class).getUtility(FaultExceptionMapper.class);
+
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public Object mediate(Object source, DataType sourceDataType, DataType targetDataType, Map<String, Object> metadata) {
+        if (sourceDataType == null || sourceDataType.getDataBinding() == null) {
+            if (source != null) {
+                Operation operation = (Operation)metadata.get(SOURCE_OPERATION);
+                sourceDataType = dataBindings.introspectType(source, operation);
+            }
+        }
+        if (sourceDataType == null || targetDataType == null) {
+            return source;
+        } else if (sourceDataType.equals(targetDataType)) {
+            return source;
+        }
+
+        List<Transformer> path = getTransformerChain(sourceDataType, targetDataType);
+
+        Object result = source;
+        int size = path.size();
+        int i = 0;
+        while (i < size) {
+            Transformer transformer = path.get(i);
+            TransformationContext context =
+                createTransformationContext(sourceDataType, targetDataType, size, i, transformer, metadata);
+            // the source and target type
+            if (transformer instanceof PullTransformer) {
+                // For intermediate node, set data type to null
+                result = ((PullTransformer)transformer).transform(result, context);
+            } else if (transformer instanceof PushTransformer) {
+                DataPipeTransformer dataPipeFactory = (i < size - 1) ? (DataPipeTransformer)path.get(++i) : null;
+                DataPipe dataPipe = dataPipeFactory == null ? null : dataPipeFactory.newInstance();
+                ((PushTransformer)transformer).transform(result, dataPipe.getSink(), context);
+                result = dataPipe.getResult();
+            }
+            i++;
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private TransformationContext createTransformationContext(DataType sourceDataType,
+                                                              DataType targetDataType,
+                                                              int size,
+                                                              int index,
+                                                              Transformer transformer,
+                                                              Map<String, Object> metadata) {
+        DataType sourceType =
+            (index == 0) ? sourceDataType : new DataTypeImpl<Object>(transformer.getSourceDataBinding(), Object.class,
+                                                                     sourceDataType.getLogical());
+        DataType targetType =
+            (index == size - 1) ? targetDataType : new DataTypeImpl<Object>(transformer.getTargetDataBinding(),
+                                                                            Object.class, targetDataType.getLogical());
+
+        //FIXME The ClassLoader should be passed in
+        // Allow privileged access to get ClassLoader. Requires RuntimePermission in security
+        // policy.
+        ClassLoader classLoader = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<ClassLoader>() {
+            public ClassLoader run() {
+                return Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
+            }
+        });
+
+        Map<String, Object> copy = new HashMap<String, Object>();
+        if (metadata != null) {
+            copy.putAll(metadata);
+        }
+        copy.put(ExtensionPointRegistry.class.getName(), registry);
+
+        TransformationContext context = new TransformationContextImpl(sourceType, targetType, classLoader, copy);
+        return context;
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public void mediate(Object source,
+                        Object target,
+                        DataType sourceDataType,
+                        DataType targetDataType,
+                        Map<String, Object> metadata) {
+        if (source == null) {
+            // Shortcut for null value
+            return;
+        }
+        if (sourceDataType == null || sourceDataType.getDataBinding() == null) {
+            Operation operation = (Operation)metadata.get(SOURCE_OPERATION);
+            sourceDataType = dataBindings.introspectType(source, operation);
+        }
+        if (sourceDataType == null) {
+            return;
+        } else if (sourceDataType.equals(targetDataType)) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        List<Transformer> path = getTransformerChain(sourceDataType, targetDataType);
+        Object result = source;
+        int size = path.size();
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            Transformer transformer = path.get(i);
+            TransformationContext context =
+                createTransformationContext(sourceDataType, targetDataType, size, i, transformer, metadata);
+
+            if (transformer instanceof PullTransformer) {
+                result = ((PullTransformer)transformer).transform(result, context);
+            } else if (transformer instanceof PushTransformer) {
+                DataPipeTransformer dataPipeFactory = (i < size - 1) ? (DataPipeTransformer)path.get(++i) : null;
+                DataPipe dataPipe = dataPipeFactory == null ? null : dataPipeFactory.newInstance();
+                Object sink = dataPipe != null ? dataPipe.getSink() : target;
+                ((PushTransformer)transformer).transform(result, sink, context);
+                result = (dataPipe != null) ? dataPipe.getResult() : null;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private List<Transformer> getTransformerChain(DataType sourceDataType, DataType targetDataType) {
+        String sourceId = sourceDataType.getDataBinding();
+        String targetId = targetDataType.getDataBinding();
+        List<Transformer> path = transformers.getTransformerChain(sourceId, targetId);
+        if (path == null) {
+            TransformationException ex =
+                new TransformationException("No path found for the transformation: " + sourceId + "->" + targetId);
+            ex.setSourceDataBinding(sourceId);
+            ex.setTargetDataBinding(targetId);
+            throw ex;
+        }
+        return path;
+    }
+
+    public DataBindingExtensionPoint getDataBindings() {
+        return dataBindings;
+    }
+
+    public TransformerExtensionPoint getTransformers() {
+        return transformers;
+    }
+
+    private DataType getFaultType(DataType exceptionType) {
+        return exceptionType == null ? null : (DataType)exceptionType.getLogical();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param qn1
+     * @param qn2
+     */
+    private boolean matches(QName qn1, QName qn2) {
+        if (qn1 == qn2) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (qn1 == null || qn2 == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        String ns1 = qn1.getNamespaceURI();
+        String ns2 = qn2.getNamespaceURI();
+        String e1 = qn1.getLocalPart();
+        String e2 = qn2.getLocalPart();
+        if (e1.equals(e2) && (ns1.equals(ns2) || ns1.equals(ns2 + "/") || ns2.equals(ns1 + "/"))) {
+            // Tolerating the trailing / which is required by JAX-WS java package --> xml ns mapping
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param source The source exception
+     * @param sourceExType The data type for the source exception
+     * @param targetExType The data type for the target exception
+     * @param sourceType The fault type for the source
+     * @param targetType The fault type for the target
+     * @return
+     */
+    private Object transformException(Object source,
+                                      DataType sourceExType,
+                                      DataType targetExType,
+                                      DataType sourceType,
+                                      DataType targetType,
+                                      Map<String, Object> metadata) {
+
+        if (sourceType == targetType || (sourceType != null && sourceType.equals(targetType))) {
+            return source;
+        }
+
+        DataType<DataType> eSourceDataType =
+            new DataTypeImpl<DataType>(IDL_FAULT, sourceExType.getPhysical(), sourceType);
+        DataType<DataType> eTargetDataType =
+            new DataTypeImpl<DataType>(IDL_FAULT, targetExType.getPhysical(), targetType);
+
+        return mediate(source, eSourceDataType, eTargetDataType, metadata);
+    }
+
+    //
+    // Assumes we're going from target->source, knowing that we're throwing BACK an exception, rather than the more
+    // obvious source->target
+    //
+    public Object mediateFault(Object result,
+                               Operation sourceOperation,
+                               Operation targetOperation,
+                               Map<String, Object> metadata) {
+
+        // FIXME: How to match fault data to a fault type for the
+        // operation?
+
+        // If the result is from an InvocationTargetException look at
+        // the actual cause.
+        if (result instanceof InvocationTargetException) {
+            result = ((InvocationTargetException)result).getCause();
+        }
+        DataType targetDataType = null;
+        for (DataType exType : targetOperation.getFaultTypes()) {
+            if (((Class)exType.getPhysical()).isInstance(result)) {
+                if (result instanceof FaultException) {
+                    DataType faultType = (DataType)exType.getLogical();
+                    if (((FaultException)result).isMatchingType(faultType.getLogical())) {
+                        targetDataType = exType;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    targetDataType = exType;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /*
+        if (targetDataType == null) {
+            // Not a business exception
+            return resultMsg;
+        }
+        */
+
+        DataType targetFaultType = getFaultType(targetDataType);
+        if (targetFaultType == null) {
+            // No matching fault type, it's a system exception
+            Throwable cause = (Throwable)result;
+            throw new ServiceRuntimeException(cause);
+        }
+
+        // FIXME: How to match a source fault type to a target fault
+        // type?
+        DataType sourceDataType = null;
+        DataType sourceFaultType = null;
+        for (DataType exType : sourceOperation.getFaultTypes()) {
+            DataType faultType = getFaultType(exType);
+            // Match by the QName (XSD element) of the fault type
+            if (faultType != null && typesMatch(targetFaultType.getLogical(), faultType.getLogical())) {
+                sourceDataType = exType;
+                sourceFaultType = faultType;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (sourceFaultType == null) {
+            // No matching fault type, it's a system exception
+            Throwable cause = (Throwable)result;
+            throw new ServiceRuntimeException(cause);
+        }
+
+        Map<String, Object> context = new HashMap<String, Object>();
+        if (metadata != null) {
+            context.putAll(metadata);
+        }
+        if (targetOperation != null) {
+            context.put(SOURCE_OPERATION, targetOperation);
+        }
+        if (sourceOperation != null) {
+            context.put(TARGET_OPERATION, sourceOperation);
+        }
+
+        Object newResult =
+            transformException(result, targetDataType, sourceDataType, targetFaultType, sourceFaultType, context);
+
+        return newResult;
+
+    }
+
+    private boolean typesMatch(Object first, Object second) {
+        if (first.equals(second)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (first instanceof XMLType && second instanceof XMLType) {
+            XMLType t1 = (XMLType)first;
+            XMLType t2 = (XMLType)second;
+            // TUSCANY-2113, we should compare element names only
+            return matches(t1.getElementName(), t2.getElementName());
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Assumes we're going from target-to-source, knowing that we're sending BACK an output response, rather than the more
+     * obvious source-to-target.
+     *
+     * @param output
+     * @param sourceOperation
+     * @param targetOperation
+     * @return
+     */
+    public Object mediateOutput(Object output,
+                                Operation sourceOperation,
+                                Operation targetOperation,
+                                Map<String, Object> metadata) {
+        // Create a data type to represent the ouput produced by the target operation
+        DataType<DataType> targetType =
+            new DataTypeImpl<DataType>(IDL_OUTPUT, Object.class, targetOperation.getOutputType());
+
+        // Create a data type to represent the ouput expected by the source operation
+        DataType<DataType> sourceType =
+            new DataTypeImpl<DataType>(IDL_OUTPUT, Object.class, sourceOperation.getOutputType());
+
+        if (sourceType == targetType || (sourceType != null && sourceType.equals(targetType))) {
+            return output;
+        }
+        Map<String, Object> context = new HashMap<String, Object>();
+        if (metadata != null) {
+            context.putAll(metadata);
+        }
+        if (targetOperation != null) {
+            context.put(SOURCE_OPERATION, targetOperation);
+        }
+        if (sourceOperation != null) {
+            context.put(TARGET_OPERATION, sourceOperation);
+        }
+        return mediate(output, targetType, sourceType, context);
+    }
+
+    public Object mediateInput(Object input,
+                               Operation sourceOperation,
+                               Operation targetOperation,
+                               Map<String, Object> metadata) {
+        // Get the data type to represent the input passed in by the source operation
+        DataType sourceType = sourceOperation.getInputType();
+
+        // Get the data type to represent the input expected by the target operation
+        DataType targetType = targetOperation.getInputType();
+
+        if (sourceType == targetType || (sourceType != null && sourceType.equals(targetType))) {
+            return input;
+        }
+        Map<String, Object> context = new HashMap<String, Object>();
+        if (metadata != null) {
+            context.putAll(metadata);
+        }
+        if (sourceOperation != null) {
+            context.put(SOURCE_OPERATION, sourceOperation);
+        }
+        if (targetOperation != null) {
+            context.put(TARGET_OPERATION, targetOperation);
+        }
+        return mediate(input, sourceType, targetType, context);
+    }
+
+    public TransformationContext createTransformationContext() {
+        return new TransformationContextImpl();
+    }
+
+    public TransformationContext createTransformationContext(DataType sourceDataType,
+                                                             DataType targetDataType,
+                                                             Map<String, Object> metadata) {
+        return new TransformationContextImpl(sourceDataType, targetDataType, metadata);
+    }
+
+    public Object copy(Object data, DataType dataType) {
+        return copy(data, dataType, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Copy data using the specified databinding.
+     * @param data input data
+     * @param dataType
+     * @return a copy of the data
+     */
+    private Object copy(Object data, DataType dataType, Operation operation) {
+        if (data == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        Class<?> clazz = data.getClass();
+        if (String.class == clazz || clazz.isPrimitive()
+            || Number.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)
+            || Boolean.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)
+            || Character.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)
+            || Byte.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)
+            || URI.class == clazz
+            || UUID.class == clazz
+            || QName.class == clazz) {
+            // Immutable classes
+            return data;
+        }
+
+        DataBinding javaBeansDataBinding = dataBindings.getDataBinding(JavaBeansDataBinding.NAME);
+        // FIXME: The JAXB databinding is hard-coded here
+        DataBinding jaxbDataBinding = dataBindings.getDataBinding("javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement");
+        DataBinding dataBinding = dataBindings.getDataBinding(dataType.getDataBinding());
+        // If no databinding was specified, introspect the given arg to
+        // determine its databinding
+        if (dataBinding == null) {
+            dataType = dataBindings.introspectType(data, operation);
+            if (dataType != null) {
+                String db = dataType.getDataBinding();
+                dataBinding = dataBindings.getDataBinding(db);
+                if (dataBinding == null && db != null) {
+                    return data;
+                }
+            }
+            if (dataBinding == null) {
+
+                // Default to the JavaBean databinding
+                dataBinding = dataBindings.getDataBinding(JavaBeansDataBinding.NAME);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Use the JAXB databinding to copy non-Serializable data
+        if (dataBinding == javaBeansDataBinding) {
+
+            // If the input data is an array containing non Serializable elements
+            // use JAXB
+            clazz = data.getClass();
+            if (clazz.isArray()) {
+                if (Array.getLength(data) != 0) {
+                    Object element = Array.get(data, 0);
+                    if (element != null && !(element instanceof Serializable)) {
+                        dataBinding = jaxbDataBinding;
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+
+                // If the input data is not Serializable use JAXB
+                if (!((data instanceof Serializable) || (data instanceof Cloneable))) {
+                    dataBinding = jaxbDataBinding;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (dataBinding != null) {
+            return dataBinding.copy(data, dataType, operation);
+        } else {
+            return data;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Copy an array of data objects passed to an operation
+     * @param data array of objects to copy
+     * @return the copy
+     */
+    public Object copyInput(Object input, Operation operation) {
+        if (input == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        Object[] data = (input instanceof Object[]) ? (Object[])input : new Object[] {input};
+        List<DataType> inputTypes = operation.getInputType().getLogical();
+        Object[] copy = new Object[data.length];
+        Map<Object, Object> map = new IdentityHashMap<Object, Object>();
+        for (int i = 0, size = inputTypes.size(); i < size; i++) {
+            Object arg = data[i];
+            if (arg == null) {
+                copy[i] = null;
+            } else {
+                Object copiedArg = map.get(arg);
+                if (copiedArg != null) {
+                    copy[i] = copiedArg;
+                } else {
+                    copiedArg = copy(arg, inputTypes.get(i));
+                    map.put(arg, copiedArg);
+                    copy[i] = copiedArg;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return copy;
+    }
+
+    public Object copyOutput(Object data, Operation operation) {
+        return copy(data, operation.getOutputType(), operation);
+    }
+
+    public Object copyFault(Object fault, Operation operation) {
+        if (faultExceptionMapper == null) {
+        	// try to get the fault exception mapper again. It sometime null depending on what order the 
+        	// JavaRuntimeModuleActivator and DatabindingModuleActivator are started
+        	this.faultExceptionMapper =
+                registry.getExtensionPoint(UtilityExtensionPoint.class).getUtility(FaultExceptionMapper.class);
+        	
+        	if (faultExceptionMapper == null) {
+        		return fault;
+        	}
+        }
+        for (DataType et : operation.getFaultTypes()) {
+            if (et.getPhysical().isInstance(fault)) {
+                Throwable ex = (Throwable)fault;
+                DataType<DataType> exType =
+                    new DataTypeImpl<DataType>(ex.getClass(), new DataTypeImpl<XMLType>(ex.getClass(), XMLType.UNKNOWN));
+                faultExceptionMapper.introspectFaultDataType(exType, operation, false);
+                DataType faultType = exType.getLogical();
+                Object faultInfo = faultExceptionMapper.getFaultInfo(ex, faultType.getPhysical(), operation);
+                faultInfo = copy(faultInfo, faultType);
+                fault =
+                    faultExceptionMapper.wrapFaultInfo(exType, ex.getMessage(), faultInfo, ex.getCause(), operation);
+                return fault;
+            }
+        }
+        return fault;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/PipedTransformer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/PipedTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a1a89005b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/PipedTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataPipe;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataPipeTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PushTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+
+/**
+ * A utility class to connect PushTransformer and DataPipe to create a
+ * PullTransformer
+ * 
+ * @param <S> Source type
+ * @param <I> Intermediate type
+ * @param <R> Result type
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class PipedTransformer<S, I, R> implements PullTransformer<S, R> {
+    private PushTransformer<S, I> pusher;
+
+    private DataPipeTransformer<I, R> pipe;
+
+    /**
+     * @param pumper
+     * @param pipe
+     */
+    public PipedTransformer(PushTransformer<S, I> pumper, DataPipeTransformer<I, R> pipe) {
+        super();
+        this.pusher = pumper;
+        this.pipe = pipe;
+    }
+
+    public R transform(S source, TransformationContext context) {
+        DataPipe<I, R> dataPipe = pipe.newInstance();
+        pusher.transform(source, dataPipe.getSink(), context);
+        return dataPipe.getResult();
+    }
+
+    public String getSourceDataBinding() {
+        return pusher.getSourceDataBinding();
+    }
+
+    public String getTargetDataBinding() {
+        return pipe.getTargetDataBinding();
+    }
+
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return pusher.getWeight() + pipe.getWeight();
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/SimpleType2JavaTransformer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/SimpleType2JavaTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c91176fc2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/SimpleType2JavaTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.SimpleTypeMapper;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans.SimpleJavaDataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;
+
+/**
+ * Transformer to convert data from a databinding's representation of simple
+ * types to Java Objects
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public abstract class SimpleType2JavaTransformer<T> extends BaseTransformer<T, Object> implements
+    PullTransformer<T, Object> {
+
+    protected SimpleTypeMapper mapper;
+
+    public SimpleType2JavaTransformer() {
+        this.mapper = new SimpleTypeMapperImpl();
+    }
+
+    public SimpleType2JavaTransformer(SimpleTypeMapper mapper) {
+        this.mapper = (mapper != null) ? mapper : new SimpleTypeMapperImpl();
+    }
+
+    public Object transform(T source, TransformationContext context) {
+        XMLType xmlType = (XMLType)context.getSourceDataType().getLogical();
+        QName type = (xmlType != null) ? xmlType.getTypeName() : null;
+        if (type == null) {
+            xmlType = (XMLType)context.getTargetDataType().getLogical();
+            type = (xmlType != null) ? xmlType.getTypeName() : null;
+        }
+        Object result = mapper.toJavaObject(type, getText(source), context);
+        close(source);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Object> getTargetType() {
+        return Object.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        // Cannot be used for intermediate
+        return 10000;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the string value from the source
+     * @param source
+     * @return A string
+     */
+    protected abstract String getText(T source);
+    
+    /**
+     * To be overrided by the subclass
+     * @param source
+     */
+    protected void close(T source) {
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getTargetDataBinding() {
+        return SimpleJavaDataBinding.NAME;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/SimpleTypeMapperImpl.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/SimpleTypeMapperImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..32a2313f59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/SimpleTypeMapperImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,401 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl;
+
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException;
+import javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeFactory;
+import javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar;
+import javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContext;
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.SimpleTypeMapper;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.TypeInfo;
+
+/**
+ * Simple type mapper that maps from XSD types to Java Classes and Java Classes to XSD types.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class SimpleTypeMapperImpl extends XSDDataTypeConverter implements SimpleTypeMapper {
+
+    public static final Map<Class, String> JAVA2XML = new HashMap<Class, String>();
+
+    public static final String URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema";
+
+    public static final Map<String, Class> XML2JAVA = new HashMap<String, Class>();
+
+    public static final QName XSD_ANY = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "any");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_ANYSIMPLETYPE = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "anySimpleType");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_ANYTYPE = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "anyType");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_ANYURI = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "anyURI");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_BASE64 = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "base64Binary");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_BOOLEAN = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "boolean");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_BYTE = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "byte");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_DATE = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "date");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_DATETIME = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "dateTime");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_DAY = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "gDay");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_DECIMAL = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "decimal");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_DOUBLE = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "double");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_DURATION = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "duration");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_ENTITIES = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "ENTITIES");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_ENTITY = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "ENTITY");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_FLOAT = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "float");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_HEXBIN = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "hexBinary");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_IDREF = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "IDREF");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_IDREFS = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "IDREFS");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_INT = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "int");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_INTEGER = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "integer");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_LONG = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "long");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_MONTH = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "gMonth");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_MONTHDAY = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "gMonthDay");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_NAME = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "Name");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_NCNAME = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "NCName");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_NEGATIVEINTEGER = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "negativeInteger");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_NMTOKEN = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "NMTOKEN");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_NMTOKENS = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "NMTOKENS");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_NONNEGATIVEINTEGER = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "nonNegativeInteger");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_NONPOSITIVEINTEGER = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "nonPositiveInteger");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_NORMALIZEDSTRING = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "normalizedString");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_NOTATION = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "NOTATION");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_POSITIVEINTEGER = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "positiveInteger");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_QNAME = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "QName");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_SHORT = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "short");
+
+    public static final Map<String, TypeInfo> XSD_SIMPLE_TYPES = new HashMap<String, TypeInfo>();
+
+    public static final QName XSD_STRING = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "string");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_TIME = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "time");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_TOKEN = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "token");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_UNSIGNEDBYTE = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "unsignedByte");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_UNSIGNEDINT = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "unsignedInt");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_UNSIGNEDLONG = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "unsignedLong");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_UNSIGNEDSHORT = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "unsignedShort");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_YEAR = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "gYear");
+
+    public static final QName XSD_YEARMONTH = new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, "gYearMonth");
+
+    private static final String[] XSD_TYPE_NAMES =
+    {"string", "boolean", "double", "float", "int", "integer", "long", "short", "byte", "decimal", "base64Binary",
+     "hexBinary", "anySimpleType", "anyType", "any", "QName", "dateTime", "date", "time", "normalizedString",
+     "token", "unsignedLong", "unsignedInt", "unsignedShort", "unsignedByte", "positiveInteger", "negativeInteger",
+     "nonNegativeInteger", "nonPositiveInteger", "gYearMonth", "gMonthDay", "gYear", "gMonth", "gDay", "duration",
+     "Name", "NCName", "NMTOKEN", "NMTOKENS", "NOTATION", "ENTITY", "ENTITIES", "IDREF", "IDREFS", "anyURI",
+     "language", "ID"};
+
+    static {
+        for (String type : XSD_TYPE_NAMES) {
+            TypeInfo simpleType = new TypeInfo(new QName(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD, type), true, null);
+            XSD_SIMPLE_TYPES.put(type, simpleType);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static {
+        JAVA2XML.put(boolean.class, "boolean");
+        JAVA2XML.put(byte.class, "byte");
+        JAVA2XML.put(short.class, "short");
+        JAVA2XML.put(int.class, "int");
+        JAVA2XML.put(long.class, "long");
+        JAVA2XML.put(float.class, "float");
+        JAVA2XML.put(double.class, "double");
+        JAVA2XML.put(Boolean.class, "boolean");
+        JAVA2XML.put(Byte.class, "byte");
+        JAVA2XML.put(Short.class, "short");
+        JAVA2XML.put(Integer.class, "int");
+        JAVA2XML.put(Long.class, "long");
+        JAVA2XML.put(Float.class, "float");
+        JAVA2XML.put(Double.class, "double");
+        JAVA2XML.put(java.lang.String.class, "string");
+        JAVA2XML.put(java.math.BigInteger.class, "integer");
+        JAVA2XML.put(java.math.BigDecimal.class, "decimal");
+        JAVA2XML.put(java.util.Calendar.class, "dateTime");
+        JAVA2XML.put(java.util.Date.class, "dateTime");
+        JAVA2XML.put(javax.xml.namespace.QName.class, "QName");
+        JAVA2XML.put(java.net.URI.class, "string");
+        JAVA2XML.put(javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar.class, "anySimpleType");
+        JAVA2XML.put(javax.xml.datatype.Duration.class, "duration");
+        JAVA2XML.put(java.lang.Object.class, "anyType");
+        JAVA2XML.put(java.awt.Image.class, "base64Binary");
+        JAVA2XML.put(byte[].class, "base64Binary");
+        // java2XSD.put(javax.activation.DataHandler.class, "base64Binary");
+        JAVA2XML.put(javax.xml.transform.Source.class, "base64Binary");
+        JAVA2XML.put(java.util.UUID.class, "string");
+    }
+
+    static {
+        XML2JAVA.put("string", java.lang.String.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("integer", java.math.BigInteger.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("int", int.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("long", long.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("short", short.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("decimal", java.math.BigDecimal.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("float", float.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("double", double.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("boolean", boolean.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("byte", byte.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("QName", javax.xml.namespace.QName.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("dateTime", javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("base64Binary", byte[].class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("hexBinary", byte[].class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("unsignedInt", long.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("unsignedShort", int.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("unsignedByte", short.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("time", javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("date", javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("gDay", javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("gMonth", javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("gYear", javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("gYearMonth", javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("gMonthDay", javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("anySimpleType", java.lang.Object.class); // For elements
+        // XML2JAVA.put("anySimpleType", java.lang.String.class); // For
+        // attributes
+        XML2JAVA.put("duration", javax.xml.datatype.Duration.class);
+        XML2JAVA.put("NOTATION", javax.xml.namespace.QName.class);
+    }
+
+    private DatatypeFactory factory;
+
+    public SimpleTypeMapperImpl() {
+        super();
+        try {
+            this.factory = DatatypeFactory.newInstance();
+        } catch (DatatypeConfigurationException e) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static Class getJavaType(QName xmlType) {
+         if (xmlType != null && URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD.equals(xmlType.getNamespaceURI())) {
+            return XML2JAVA.get(xmlType.getLocalPart());
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static TypeInfo getXMLType(Class javaType) {
+        return XSD_SIMPLE_TYPES.get(JAVA2XML.get(javaType));
+    }
+
+    public Object toJavaObject(QName simpleType, String literal, TransformationContext context) {
+        /**
+         * <ul>
+         * <li>xsd:string --- java.lang.String
+         * <li>xsd:integer --- java.math.BigInteger
+         * <li>xsd:int --- int
+         * <li>xsd:long --- long
+         * <li>xsd:short --- short
+         * <li>xsd:decimal --- java.math.BigDecimal
+         * <li>xsd:float --- float
+         * <li>xsd:double --- double
+         * <li>xsd:boolean --- boolean
+         * <li>xsd:byte --- byte
+         * <li>xsd:QName --- javax.xml.namespace.QName
+         * <li>xsd:dateTime --- javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar
+         * <li>xsd:base64Binary --- byte[]
+         * <li>xsd:hexBinary --- byte[]
+         * <li>xsd:unsignedInt --- long
+         * <li>xsd:unsignedShort --- int
+         * <li>xsd:unsignedByte --- short
+         * <li>xsd:time --- javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar
+         * <li>xsd:date --- javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar
+         * <li>xsd:g* --- javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar
+         * <li>xsd:anySimpleType (for xsd:element of this type)a
+         * java.lang.Object
+         * <li>xsd:anySimpleType (for xsd:attribute of this type)
+         * java.lang.String
+         * <li>xsd:duration javax.xml.datatype.Duration
+         * <li>xsd:NOTATION javax.xml.namespace.QName
+         * </ul>
+         */
+
+        if (literal == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        String value = literal.trim();
+
+        QName type = simpleType;
+        if (type.equals(XSD_STRING)) {
+            return parseString(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_INT)) {
+            return parseInt(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_INTEGER)) {
+            return parseInteger(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_INT)) {
+            return parseInt(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_FLOAT)) {
+            return parseFloat(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_DOUBLE)) {
+            return parseDouble(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_SHORT)) {
+            return parseShort(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_DECIMAL)) {
+            return parseDecimal(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_BOOLEAN)) {
+            return parseBoolean(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_BYTE)) {
+            return parseByte(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_LONG)) {
+            return parseLong(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_UNSIGNEDBYTE)) {
+            return parseUnsignedShort(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_UNSIGNEDSHORT)) {
+            return parseUnsignedShort(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_UNSIGNEDINT)) {
+            return parseUnsignedInt(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_UNSIGNEDLONG)) {
+            return parseUnsignedInt(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_DATETIME)) {
+            return parseDateTime(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_DATE)) {
+            return parseDate(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_TIME)) {
+            return parseTime(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_DURATION)) {
+            return parseDuration(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_HEXBIN)) {
+            return parseHexBinary(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_BASE64)) {
+            return parseBase64Binary(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_QNAME)) {
+            NamespaceContext namespaceContext =
+                (NamespaceContext)((context != null) ? context.getMetadata().get(NamespaceContext.class.getName()) : null);
+            return parseQName(value, namespaceContext);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_NOTATION)) {
+            NamespaceContext namespaceContext =
+                (NamespaceContext)((context != null) ? context.getMetadata().get(NamespaceContext.class.getName()) : null);
+            return parseQName(value, namespaceContext);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_YEAR)) {
+            return factory.newXMLGregorianCalendar(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_MONTH)) {
+            return factory.newXMLGregorianCalendar(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_DAY)) {
+            return factory.newXMLGregorianCalendar(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_YEARMONTH)) {
+            return factory.newXMLGregorianCalendar(value);
+        } else if (type.equals(XSD_MONTHDAY)) {
+            return factory.newXMLGregorianCalendar(value);
+        } else {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
+    private XMLGregorianCalendar toXMLGregorianCalendar(Date date) {
+        GregorianCalendar c =
+            new GregorianCalendar(date.getYear(), date.getMonth(), date.getDate(), date.getHours(), date.getMinutes(),
+                                  date.getSeconds());
+        return factory.newXMLGregorianCalendar(c);
+    }
+
+    private XMLGregorianCalendar toXMLGregorianCalendar(GregorianCalendar calendar) {
+        return factory.newXMLGregorianCalendar(calendar);
+    }
+
+    public String toXMLLiteral(QName simpleType, Object obj, TransformationContext context) {
+        if(obj == null) {
+            // It could be null if nilable=true
+            return null;
+        }
+        if (obj instanceof Float || obj instanceof Double) {
+            if (obj instanceof Float) {
+                return printDouble(((Float)obj).floatValue());
+            } else {
+                return printDouble(((Double)obj).doubleValue());
+            }
+        } else if (obj instanceof GregorianCalendar) {
+            GregorianCalendar calendar = (GregorianCalendar)obj;
+            return toXMLGregorianCalendar(calendar).toXMLFormat();
+        } else if (obj instanceof Date) {
+            return toXMLGregorianCalendar((Date)obj).toXMLFormat();
+        } else if (obj instanceof XMLGregorianCalendar) {
+            return ((XMLGregorianCalendar)obj).toXMLFormat();
+        } else if (obj instanceof byte[]) {
+            if (simpleType != null) {
+                if (simpleType.equals(XSD_BASE64)) {
+                    return printBase64Binary((byte[])obj);
+                } else if (simpleType.equals(XSD_HEXBIN)) {
+                    return printHexBinary((byte[])obj);
+                }
+            }
+        } else if (obj instanceof QName) {
+            NamespaceContext namespaceContext =
+                (NamespaceContext)((context != null) ? context.getMetadata().get(NamespaceContext.class.getName()) : null);
+            return printQName((QName)obj, namespaceContext);
+        }
+        return obj.toString();
+    }
+
+    public static boolean isSimpleXSDType(QName typeName) {
+        if (typeName == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return typeName.getNamespaceURI().equals(URI_2001_SCHEMA_XSD) 
+            && XSD_SIMPLE_TYPES.get(typeName.getLocalPart()) != null;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/TransformationContextImpl.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/TransformationContextImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..afc6417284
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/TransformationContextImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl;
+
+import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+
+public class TransformationContextImpl implements TransformationContext {
+    private DataType sourceDataType;
+
+    private DataType targetDataType;
+
+    private final Map<String, Object> metadata = new HashMap<String, Object>();
+
+    private WeakReference<ClassLoader> classLoaderRef;
+
+    public TransformationContextImpl() {
+        super();
+        // This is used only for testing
+        setClassLoader(Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());
+    }
+
+    public TransformationContextImpl(DataType sourceDataType,
+                                     DataType targetDataType,
+                                     ClassLoader classLoader,
+                                     Map<String, Object> metadata) {
+        super();
+        this.sourceDataType = sourceDataType;
+        this.targetDataType = targetDataType;
+        setClassLoader(classLoader);
+        if (metadata != null) {
+            this.metadata.putAll(metadata);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public TransformationContextImpl(DataType sourceDataType,
+                                     DataType targetDataType,
+                                     Map<String, Object> metadata) {
+        super();
+        this.sourceDataType = sourceDataType;
+        this.targetDataType = targetDataType;
+        setClassLoader(Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());
+        if (metadata != null) {
+            this.metadata.putAll(metadata);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public DataType getSourceDataType() {
+        return sourceDataType;
+    }
+
+    public DataType getTargetDataType() {
+        return targetDataType;
+    }
+
+    public void setSourceDataType(DataType sourceDataType) {
+        this.sourceDataType = sourceDataType;
+    }
+
+    public void setTargetDataType(DataType targetDataType) {
+        this.targetDataType = targetDataType;
+    }
+
+    public final void setClassLoader(ClassLoader classLoader) {
+        this.classLoaderRef = new WeakReference<ClassLoader>(classLoader);
+    }
+
+    public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
+        return classLoaderRef.get();
+    }
+
+    public Map<String, Object> getMetadata() {
+        return metadata;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return the sourceOperation
+     */
+    public Operation getSourceOperation() {
+        return (Operation) metadata.get("source.operation");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param sourceOperation the sourceOperation to set
+     */
+    public void setSourceOperation(Operation sourceOperation) {
+        this.metadata.put("source.operation", sourceOperation);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return the targetOperation
+     */
+    public Operation getTargetOperation() {
+        return (Operation) metadata.get("target.operation");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param targetOperation the targetOperation to set
+     */
+    public void setTargetOperation(Operation targetOperation) {
+        this.metadata.put("target.operation", targetOperation);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/XSDDataTypeConverter.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/XSDDataTypeConverter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fb747864e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/XSDDataTypeConverter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,945 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.io.Writer;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.text.FieldPosition;
+import java.text.Format;
+import java.text.ParsePosition;
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.TimeZone;
+
+import javax.xml.XMLConstants;
+import javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException;
+import javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeFactory;
+import javax.xml.datatype.Duration;
+import javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContext;
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+/**
+ * Utility class for XSD data type conversions
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class XSDDataTypeConverter {
+    public static final class Base64Binary {
+        private static final char[] S_BASE64CHAR =
+        {'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S',
+            'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l',
+            'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4',
+            '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '+', '/'};
+
+        private static final char S_BASE64PAD = '=';
+
+        private static final byte[] S_DECODETABLE = new byte[128];
+
+        static {
+            for (int i = 0; i < S_DECODETABLE.length; i++) {
+                S_DECODETABLE[i] = Byte.MAX_VALUE; // 127
+            }
+            for (int i = 0; i < S_BASE64CHAR.length; i++) {
+                // 0 to 63
+                S_DECODETABLE[S_BASE64CHAR[i]] = (byte) i;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private Base64Binary() {
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * 
+         */
+        public static byte[] decode(char[] data, int off, int len) {
+            char[] ibuf = new char[4];
+            int ibufcount = 0;
+            byte[] obuf = new byte[len / 4 * 3 + 3];
+            int obufcount = 0;
+            for (int i = off; i < off + len; i++) {
+                char ch = data[i];
+                if (ch == S_BASE64PAD || ch < S_DECODETABLE.length && S_DECODETABLE[ch] != Byte.MAX_VALUE) {
+                    ibuf[ibufcount++] = ch;
+                    if (ibufcount == ibuf.length) {
+                        ibufcount = 0;
+                        obufcount += decode0(ibuf, obuf, obufcount);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (obufcount == obuf.length) {
+                return obuf;
+            }
+            byte[] ret = new byte[obufcount];
+            System.arraycopy(obuf, 0, ret, 0, obufcount);
+            return ret;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * 
+         */
+        public static void decode(char[] data, int off, int len, OutputStream ostream) throws IOException {
+            char[] ibuf = new char[4];
+            int ibufcount = 0;
+            byte[] obuf = new byte[3];
+            for (int i = off; i < off + len; i++) {
+                char ch = data[i];
+                if (ch == S_BASE64PAD || ch < S_DECODETABLE.length && S_DECODETABLE[ch] != Byte.MAX_VALUE) {
+                    ibuf[ibufcount++] = ch;
+                    if (ibufcount == ibuf.length) {
+                        ibufcount = 0;
+                        int obufcount = decode0(ibuf, obuf, 0);
+                        ostream.write(obuf, 0, obufcount);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * 
+         */
+        public static byte[] decode(String data) {
+            char[] ibuf = new char[4];
+            int ibufcount = 0;
+            byte[] obuf = new byte[data.length() / 4 * 3 + 3];
+            int obufcount = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < data.length(); i++) {
+                char ch = data.charAt(i);
+                if (ch == S_BASE64PAD || ch < S_DECODETABLE.length && S_DECODETABLE[ch] != Byte.MAX_VALUE) {
+                    ibuf[ibufcount++] = ch;
+                    if (ibufcount == ibuf.length) {
+                        ibufcount = 0;
+                        obufcount += decode0(ibuf, obuf, obufcount);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (obufcount == obuf.length) {
+                return obuf;
+            }
+            byte[] ret = new byte[obufcount];
+            System.arraycopy(obuf, 0, ret, 0, obufcount);
+            return ret;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * 
+         */
+        public static void decode(String data, OutputStream ostream) throws IOException {
+            char[] ibuf = new char[4];
+            int ibufcount = 0;
+            byte[] obuf = new byte[3];
+            for (int i = 0; i < data.length(); i++) {
+                char ch = data.charAt(i);
+                if (ch == S_BASE64PAD || ch < S_DECODETABLE.length && S_DECODETABLE[ch] != Byte.MAX_VALUE) {
+                    ibuf[ibufcount++] = ch;
+                    if (ibufcount == ibuf.length) {
+                        ibufcount = 0;
+                        int obufcount = decode0(ibuf, obuf, 0);
+                        ostream.write(obuf, 0, obufcount);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static int decode0(char[] ibuf, byte[] obuf, int index) {
+            int wp = index;
+            int outlen = 3;
+            if (ibuf[3] == S_BASE64PAD) {
+                outlen = 2;
+            }
+            if (ibuf[2] == S_BASE64PAD) {
+                outlen = 1;
+            }
+            int b0 = S_DECODETABLE[ibuf[0]];
+            int b1 = S_DECODETABLE[ibuf[1]];
+            int b2 = S_DECODETABLE[ibuf[2]];
+            int b3 = S_DECODETABLE[ibuf[3]];
+            switch (outlen) {
+                case 1:
+                    obuf[wp] = (byte) (b0 << 2 & 0xfc | b1 >> 4 & 0x3);
+                    return 1;
+                case 2:
+                    obuf[wp++] = (byte) (b0 << 2 & 0xfc | b1 >> 4 & 0x3);
+                    obuf[wp] = (byte) (b1 << 4 & 0xf0 | b2 >> 2 & 0xf);
+                    return 2;
+                case 3:
+                    obuf[wp++] = (byte) (b0 << 2 & 0xfc | b1 >> 4 & 0x3);
+                    obuf[wp++] = (byte) (b1 << 4 & 0xf0 | b2 >> 2 & 0xf);
+                    obuf[wp] = (byte) (b2 << 6 & 0xc0 | b3 & 0x3f);
+                    return 3;
+                default:
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("The character sequence is not base64 encoded.");
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns base64 representation of specified byte array.
+         */
+        public static String encode(byte[] data) {
+            return encode(data, 0, data.length);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns base64 representation of specified byte array.
+         */
+        public static String encode(byte[] data, int off, int len) {
+            if (len <= 0) {
+                return "";
+            }
+            char[] out = new char[len / 3 * 4 + 4];
+            int rindex = off;
+            int windex = 0;
+            int rest = len - off;
+            while (rest >= 3) {
+                int i =
+                    ((data[rindex] & 0xff) << 16) + ((data[rindex + 1] & 0xff) << 8)
+                        + (data[rindex + 2] & 0xff);
+                out[windex++] = S_BASE64CHAR[i >> 18];
+                out[windex++] = S_BASE64CHAR[(i >> 12) & 0x3f];
+                out[windex++] = S_BASE64CHAR[(i >> 6) & 0x3f];
+                out[windex++] = S_BASE64CHAR[i & 0x3f];
+                rindex += 3;
+                rest -= 3;
+            }
+            if (rest == 1) {
+                int i = data[rindex] & 0xff;
+                out[windex++] = S_BASE64CHAR[i >> 2];
+                out[windex++] = S_BASE64CHAR[(i << 4) & 0x3f];
+                out[windex++] = S_BASE64PAD;
+                out[windex++] = S_BASE64PAD;
+            } else if (rest == 2) {
+                int i = ((data[rindex] & 0xff) << 8) + (data[rindex + 1] & 0xff);
+                out[windex++] = S_BASE64CHAR[i >> 10];
+                out[windex++] = S_BASE64CHAR[(i >> 4) & 0x3f];
+                out[windex++] = S_BASE64CHAR[(i << 2) & 0x3f];
+                out[windex++] = S_BASE64PAD;
+            }
+            return new String(out, 0, windex);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Outputs base64 representation of the specified byte array to a byte stream.
+         */
+        public static void encode(byte[] data, int off, int len, OutputStream ostream) throws IOException {
+            if (len <= 0) {
+                return;
+            }
+            byte[] out = new byte[4];
+            int rindex = off;
+            int rest = len - off;
+            while (rest >= 3) {
+                int i =
+                    ((data[rindex] & 0xff) << 16) + ((data[rindex + 1] & 0xff) << 8)
+                        + (data[rindex + 2] & 0xff);
+                out[0] = (byte) S_BASE64CHAR[i >> 18];
+                out[1] = (byte) S_BASE64CHAR[(i >> 12) & 0x3f];
+                out[2] = (byte) S_BASE64CHAR[(i >> 6) & 0x3f];
+                out[3] = (byte) S_BASE64CHAR[i & 0x3f];
+                ostream.write(out, 0, 4);
+                rindex += 3;
+                rest -= 3;
+            }
+            if (rest == 1) {
+                int i = data[rindex] & 0xff;
+                out[0] = (byte) S_BASE64CHAR[i >> 2];
+                out[1] = (byte) S_BASE64CHAR[(i << 4) & 0x3f];
+                out[2] = (byte) S_BASE64PAD;
+                out[3] = (byte) S_BASE64PAD;
+                ostream.write(out, 0, 4);
+            } else if (rest == 2) {
+                int i = ((data[rindex] & 0xff) << 8) + (data[rindex + 1] & 0xff);
+                out[0] = (byte) S_BASE64CHAR[i >> 10];
+                out[1] = (byte) S_BASE64CHAR[(i >> 4) & 0x3f];
+                out[2] = (byte) S_BASE64CHAR[(i << 2) & 0x3f];
+                out[3] = (byte) S_BASE64PAD;
+                ostream.write(out, 0, 4);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Outputs base64 representation of the specified byte array to a character stream.
+         */
+        public static void encode(byte[] data, int off, int len, Writer writer) throws IOException {
+            if (len <= 0) {
+                return;
+            }
+            char[] out = new char[4];
+            int rindex = off;
+            int rest = len - off;
+            int output = 0;
+            while (rest >= 3) {
+                int i =
+                    ((data[rindex] & 0xff) << 16) + ((data[rindex + 1] & 0xff) << 8)
+                        + (data[rindex + 2] & 0xff);
+                out[0] = S_BASE64CHAR[i >> 18];
+                out[1] = S_BASE64CHAR[(i >> 12) & 0x3f];
+                out[2] = S_BASE64CHAR[(i >> 6) & 0x3f];
+                out[3] = S_BASE64CHAR[i & 0x3f];
+                writer.write(out, 0, 4);
+                rindex += 3;
+                rest -= 3;
+                output += 4;
+                if (output % 76 == 0) {
+                    writer.write("\n");
+                }
+            }
+            if (rest == 1) {
+                int i = data[rindex] & 0xff;
+                out[0] = S_BASE64CHAR[i >> 2];
+                out[1] = S_BASE64CHAR[(i << 4) & 0x3f];
+                out[2] = S_BASE64PAD;
+                out[3] = S_BASE64PAD;
+                writer.write(out, 0, 4);
+            } else if (rest == 2) {
+                int i = ((data[rindex] & 0xff) << 8) + (data[rindex + 1] & 0xff);
+                out[0] = S_BASE64CHAR[i >> 10];
+                out[1] = S_BASE64CHAR[(i >> 4) & 0x3f];
+                out[2] = S_BASE64CHAR[(i << 2) & 0x3f];
+                out[3] = S_BASE64PAD;
+                writer.write(out, 0, 4);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p/>
+     * Utility class for xs:hexbinary. </p>
+     */
+    public static final class HexBinary {
+        private HexBinary() {
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Converts the string <code>pValue</code> into an array of hex bytes.
+         */
+        public static byte[] decode(String pValue) {
+            if ((pValue.length() % 2) != 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("A HexBinary string must have even length.");
+            }
+            byte[] result = new byte[pValue.length() / 2];
+            int j = 0;
+            int i = 0;
+            while (i < pValue.length()) {
+                byte b;
+                char c = pValue.charAt(i++);
+                char d = pValue.charAt(i++);
+                if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
+                    b = (byte) ((c - '0') << 4);
+                } else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F') {
+                    b = (byte) ((c - 'A' + 10) << 4);
+                } else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f') {
+                    b = (byte) ((c - 'a' + 10) << 4);
+                } else {
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid hex digit: " + c);
+                }
+                if (d >= '0' && d <= '9') {
+                    b += (byte) (d - '0');
+                } else if (d >= 'A' && d <= 'F') {
+                    b += (byte) (d - 'A' + 10);
+                } else if (d >= 'a' && d <= 'f') {
+                    b += (byte) (d - 'a' + 10);
+                } else {
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid hex digit: " + d);
+                }
+                result[j++] = b;
+            }
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Converts the byte array <code>pHexBinary</code> into a string.
+         */
+        public static String encode(byte[] pHexBinary) {
+            StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
+            for (int i = 0; i < pHexBinary.length; i++) {
+                byte b = pHexBinary[i];
+                byte c = (byte) ((b & 0xf0) >> 4);
+                if (c <= 9) {
+                    result.append((char) ('0' + c));
+                } else {
+                    result.append((char) ('A' + c - 10));
+                }
+                c = (byte) (b & 0x0f);
+                if (c <= 9) {
+                    result.append((char) ('0' + c));
+                } else {
+                    result.append((char) ('A' + c - 10));
+                }
+            }
+            return result.toString();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Creates a clone of the given byte array.
+         */
+        public static byte[] getClone(byte[] pHexBinary) {
+            byte[] result = new byte[pHexBinary.length];
+            System.arraycopy(pHexBinary, 0, result, 0, pHexBinary.length);
+            return result;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public class XSDDateFormat extends XSDDateTimeFormat {
+        private static final long serialVersionUID = -1629412916827246627L;
+
+        /**
+         * Creates a new instance.
+         */
+        public XSDDateFormat() {
+            super(true, false);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * <p/>
+     * An instance of {@link java.text.Format}, which may be used to parse and format <code>xs:dateTime</code> values.
+     * </p>
+     */
+    public static class XSDDateTimeFormat extends Format {
+        private static final long serialVersionUID = -1148332471737068969L;
+
+        final boolean parseDate;
+
+        final boolean parseTime;
+
+        /**
+         * Creates a new instance.
+         */
+        public XSDDateTimeFormat() {
+            this(true, true);
+        }
+
+        XSDDateTimeFormat(boolean pParseDate, boolean pParseTime) {
+            parseDate = pParseDate;
+            parseTime = pParseTime;
+        }
+
+        private void append(StringBuffer pBuffer, int pNum, int pMinLen) {
+            String s = Integer.toString(pNum);
+            for (int i = s.length(); i < pMinLen; i++) {
+                pBuffer.append('0');
+            }
+            pBuffer.append(s);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public StringBuffer format(Object pCalendar, StringBuffer pBuffer, FieldPosition pPos) {
+            assert pCalendar != null : "The Calendar argument must not be null.";
+            assert pBuffer != null : "The StringBuffer argument must not be null.";
+            assert pPos != null : "The FieldPosition argument must not be null.";
+
+            Calendar cal = (Calendar) pCalendar;
+            if (parseDate) {
+                int year = cal.get(Calendar.YEAR);
+                if (year < 0) {
+                    pBuffer.append('-');
+                    year = -year;
+                }
+                append(pBuffer, year, 4);
+                pBuffer.append('-');
+                append(pBuffer, cal.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1, 2);
+                pBuffer.append('-');
+                append(pBuffer, cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH), 2);
+                if (parseTime) {
+                    pBuffer.append('T');
+                }
+            }
+            if (parseTime) {
+                append(pBuffer, cal.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY), 2);
+                pBuffer.append(':');
+                append(pBuffer, cal.get(Calendar.MINUTE), 2);
+                pBuffer.append(':');
+                append(pBuffer, cal.get(Calendar.SECOND), 2);
+                int millis = cal.get(Calendar.MILLISECOND);
+                if (millis > 0) {
+                    pBuffer.append('.');
+                    append(pBuffer, millis, 3);
+                }
+            }
+            TimeZone tz = cal.getTimeZone();
+            // JDK 1.4: int offset = tz.getOffset(cal.getTimeInMillis());
+            int offset = cal.get(Calendar.ZONE_OFFSET);
+            if (tz.inDaylightTime(cal.getTime())) {
+                offset += cal.get(Calendar.DST_OFFSET);
+            }
+            if (offset == 0) {
+                pBuffer.append('Z');
+            } else {
+                if (offset < 0) {
+                    pBuffer.append('-');
+                    offset = -offset;
+                } else {
+                    pBuffer.append('+');
+                }
+                int minutes = offset / (60 * 1000);
+                int hours = minutes / 60;
+                minutes -= hours * 60;
+                append(pBuffer, hours, 2);
+                pBuffer.append(':');
+                append(pBuffer, minutes, 2);
+            }
+            return pBuffer;
+        }
+
+        private int parseInt(String pString, int offset, StringBuffer pDigits) {
+            int length = pString.length();
+            int pOffset = offset;
+            pDigits.setLength(0);
+            while (pOffset < length) {
+                char c = pString.charAt(pOffset);
+                if (Character.isDigit(c)) {
+                    pDigits.append(c);
+                    ++pOffset;
+                } else {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            return pOffset;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Object parseObject(String pString, ParsePosition pParsePosition) {
+            assert pString != null : "The String argument must not be null.";
+            assert pParsePosition != null : "The ParsePosition argument must not be null.";
+            int offset = pParsePosition.getIndex();
+            int length = pString.length();
+
+            boolean isMinus = false;
+            StringBuffer digits = new StringBuffer();
+            int year = 0;
+            int month = 0;
+            int mday = 0;
+            if (parseDate) {
+                // Sign
+                if (offset < length) {
+                    char c = pString.charAt(offset);
+                    if (c == '+') {
+                        ++offset;
+                    } else if (c == '-') {
+                        ++offset;
+                        isMinus = true;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                offset = parseInt(pString, offset, digits);
+                if (digits.length() < 4) {
+                    pParsePosition.setErrorIndex(offset);
+                    return null;
+                }
+                year = Integer.parseInt(digits.toString());
+
+                if (offset < length && pString.charAt(offset) == '-') {
+                    ++offset;
+                } else {
+                    pParsePosition.setErrorIndex(offset);
+                    return null;
+                }
+
+                offset = parseInt(pString, offset, digits);
+                if (digits.length() != 2) {
+                    pParsePosition.setErrorIndex(offset);
+                    return null;
+                }
+                month = Integer.parseInt(digits.toString());
+
+                if (offset < length && pString.charAt(offset) == '-') {
+                    ++offset;
+                } else {
+                    pParsePosition.setErrorIndex(offset);
+                    return null;
+                }
+
+                offset = parseInt(pString, offset, digits);
+                if (digits.length() != 2) {
+                    pParsePosition.setErrorIndex(offset);
+                    return null;
+                }
+                mday = Integer.parseInt(digits.toString());
+
+                if (parseTime) {
+                    if (offset < length && pString.charAt(offset) == 'T') {
+                        ++offset;
+                    } else {
+                        pParsePosition.setErrorIndex(offset);
+                        return null;
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                year = month = mday = 0;
+            }
+
+            int hour = 0;
+            int minute = 0;
+            int second = 0;
+            int millis = 0;
+            if (parseTime) {
+                offset = parseInt(pString, offset, digits);
+                if (digits.length() != 2) {
+                    pParsePosition.setErrorIndex(offset);
+                    return null;
+                }
+                hour = Integer.parseInt(digits.toString());
+
+                if (offset < length && pString.charAt(offset) == ':') {
+                    ++offset;
+                } else {
+                    pParsePosition.setErrorIndex(offset);
+                    return null;
+                }
+
+                offset = parseInt(pString, offset, digits);
+                if (digits.length() != 2) {
+                    pParsePosition.setErrorIndex(offset);
+                    return null;
+                }
+                minute = Integer.parseInt(digits.toString());
+
+                if (offset < length && pString.charAt(offset) == ':') {
+                    ++offset;
+                } else {
+                    pParsePosition.setErrorIndex(offset);
+                    return null;
+                }
+
+                offset = parseInt(pString, offset, digits);
+                if (digits.length() != 2) {
+                    pParsePosition.setErrorIndex(offset);
+                    return null;
+                }
+                second = Integer.parseInt(digits.toString());
+
+                if (offset < length && pString.charAt(offset) == '.') {
+                    ++offset;
+                    offset = parseInt(pString, offset, digits);
+                    if (digits.length() > 0) {
+                        millis = Integer.parseInt(digits.toString());
+                    } else {
+                        millis = 0;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    millis = 0;
+                }
+            } else {
+                hour = minute = second = millis = 0;
+            }
+
+            digits.setLength(0);
+            digits.append("GMT");
+            if (offset < length) {
+                char c = pString.charAt(offset);
+                if (c == 'Z') {
+                    // Ignore UTC, it is the default
+                    ++offset;
+                } else if (c == '+' || c == '-') {
+                    digits.append(c);
+                    ++offset;
+                    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+                        if (offset >= length) {
+                            pParsePosition.setErrorIndex(offset);
+                            return null;
+                        }
+                        c = pString.charAt(offset);
+                        if ((i != 2 && Character.isDigit(c)) || (i == 2 && c == ':')) {
+                            digits.append(c);
+                        } else {
+                            pParsePosition.setErrorIndex(offset);
+                            return null;
+                        }
+                        ++offset;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(TimeZone.getTimeZone(digits.toString()));
+            cal.set(isMinus ? -year : year, parseDate ? month - 1 : month, mday, hour, minute, second);
+            cal.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, millis);
+            pParsePosition.setIndex(offset);
+            return cal;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class XSDTimeFormat extends XSDDateTimeFormat {
+        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1346506860724640517L;
+
+        /**
+         * Creates a new instance.
+         */
+        public XSDTimeFormat() {
+            super(false, true);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final long MAX_UNSIGNED_INT = (((long) Integer.MAX_VALUE) * 2) + 1;
+
+    private static final int MAX_UNSIGNED_SHORT = Short.MAX_VALUE * 2 + 1;
+
+    public String parseAnySimpleType(String value) {
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    public byte[] parseBase64Binary(String value) {
+        return Base64Binary.decode(value);
+    }
+
+    public boolean parseBoolean(String value) {
+        return Boolean.valueOf(value).booleanValue();
+    }
+
+    public byte parseByte(String value) {
+        return Byte.parseByte(value);
+    }
+
+    public Calendar parseDate(String value) {
+        XSDDateFormat format = new XSDDateFormat();
+        ParsePosition pos = new ParsePosition(0);
+        Calendar cal = (Calendar) format.parseObject(value, pos);
+        if (cal == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Failed to parse date " + value + " at:"
+                + value.substring(pos.getErrorIndex()));
+        }
+        return cal;
+    }
+
+    public Calendar parseDateTime(String value) {
+        XSDDateTimeFormat format = new XSDDateTimeFormat();
+        ParsePosition pos = new ParsePosition(0);
+        Calendar cal = (Calendar) format.parseObject(value, pos);
+        if (cal == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Failed to parse dateTime " + value + " at:"
+                + value.substring(pos.getErrorIndex()));
+        }
+        return cal;
+    }
+
+    public BigDecimal parseDecimal(String value) {
+        return new BigDecimal(value);
+    }
+
+    public double parseDouble(String value) {
+        if ("INF".equals(value)) {
+            return Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
+        } else if ("-INF".equals(value)) {
+            return Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
+        } else if ("NaN".equals(value)) {
+            return Double.NaN;
+        } else {
+            return Double.parseDouble(value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public Duration parseDuration(String pDuration) {
+        try {
+            return DatatypeFactory.newInstance().newDuration(pDuration);
+        } catch (DatatypeConfigurationException e) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public float parseFloat(String value) {
+        if ("INF".equals(value)) {
+            return Float.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
+        } else if ("-INF".equals(value)) {
+            return Float.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
+        } else if ("NaN".equals(value)) {
+            return Float.NaN;
+        } else {
+            return Float.parseFloat(value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public byte[] parseHexBinary(String value) {
+        return HexBinary.decode(value);
+    }
+
+    public int parseInt(String value) {
+        return Integer.parseInt(value);
+    }
+
+    public BigInteger parseInteger(String value) {
+        return new BigInteger(value);
+    }
+
+    public long parseLong(String value) {
+        return Long.parseLong(value);
+    }
+
+    public QName parseQName(String value, NamespaceContext context) {
+        int offset = value.indexOf(':');
+        String uri;
+        String localName;
+        switch (offset) {
+            case -1:
+                localName = value;
+                uri = context.getNamespaceURI("");
+                if (uri == null) {
+                    // Should not happen, indicates an error in the
+                    // NamespaceContext
+                    // implementation
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("The default prefix is not bound.");
+                }
+                break;
+            case 0:
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Default prefix must be indicated by not using a colon: "
+                    + value);
+            default:
+                String prefix = value.substring(0, offset);
+                localName = value.substring(offset + 1);
+                uri = context.getNamespaceURI(prefix);
+                if (uri == null) {
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("The prefix " + prefix + " is not bound.");
+                }
+        }
+        return new QName(uri, localName);
+    }
+
+    public short parseShort(String value) {
+        return Short.parseShort(value);
+    }
+
+    public String parseString(String value) {
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    public Calendar parseTime(String value) {
+        XSDTimeFormat format = new XSDTimeFormat();
+        ParsePosition pos = new ParsePosition(0);
+        Calendar cal = (Calendar) format.parseObject(value, pos);
+        if (cal == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Failed to parse time " + value + " at:"
+                + value.substring(pos.getErrorIndex()));
+        }
+        return cal;
+    }
+
+    public long parseUnsignedInt(String value) {
+        long l = Long.parseLong(value);
+        if (l < 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Failed to parse UnsignedInt " + value
+                + ": result is negative");
+        }
+        if (l > MAX_UNSIGNED_INT) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Failed to parse UnsignedInt " + value
+                + ": result exceeds maximum value " + MAX_UNSIGNED_INT);
+        }
+        return l;
+    }
+
+    public int parseUnsignedShort(String value) {
+        int i = Integer.parseInt(value);
+        if (i < 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Failed to parse UnsignedShort " + value
+                + ": result is negative");
+        }
+        if (i > MAX_UNSIGNED_SHORT) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Failed to parse UnsignedShort " + value
+                + ": result exceeds maximum value " + MAX_UNSIGNED_SHORT);
+        }
+        return i;
+    }
+
+    public String printAnySimpleType(String value) {
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    public String printBase64Binary(byte[] value) {
+        return Base64Binary.encode(value);
+    }
+
+    public String printBoolean(boolean value) {
+        return (value ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE).toString();
+    }
+
+    public String printByte(byte value) {
+        return Byte.toString(value);
+    }
+
+    public String printDate(Calendar value) {
+        return new XSDDateFormat().format(value);
+    }
+
+    public String printDateTime(Calendar value) {
+        return new XSDDateTimeFormat().format(value);
+    }
+
+    public String printDecimal(BigDecimal value) {
+        return value.toString();
+    }
+
+    public String printDouble(double value) {
+        return Double.toString(value);
+    }
+
+    public String printDuration(Duration pDuration) {
+        return pDuration.toString();
+    }
+
+    public String printFloat(float value) {
+        return Float.toString(value);
+    }
+
+    public String printHexBinary(byte[] value) {
+        return HexBinary.encode(value);
+    }
+
+    public String printInt(int value) {
+        return Integer.toString(value);
+    }
+
+    public String printInteger(BigInteger value) {
+        return value.toString();
+    }
+
+    public String printLong(long value) {
+        return Long.toString(value);
+    }
+
+    public String printQName(QName value, NamespaceContext context) {
+        String prefix = context.getPrefix(value.getNamespaceURI());
+        if (prefix == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The namespace URI " + value.getNamespaceURI()
+                + " is not bound.");
+        } else if (XMLConstants.DEFAULT_NS_PREFIX.equals(prefix)) {
+            return value.getLocalPart();
+        } else {
+            return prefix + ":" + value.getLocalPart();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String printShort(short value) {
+        return Short.toString(value);
+    }
+
+    public String printString(String value) {
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    public String printTime(Calendar value) {
+        return new XSDTimeFormat().format(value);
+    }
+
+    public String printUnsignedInt(long value) {
+        return Long.toString(value);
+    }
+
+    public String printUnsignedShort(int value) {
+        return Integer.toString(value);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/DOMNode2JavaBeanTransformer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/DOMNode2JavaBeanTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2f95c2a9c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/DOMNode2JavaBeanTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*

+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

+ * distributed with this work for additional information

+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

+ * 

+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

+ * 

+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an

+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the

+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations

+ * under the License.    

+ */

+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans;

+

+import java.util.ArrayList;

+import java.util.Iterator;

+import java.util.List;

+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

+

+import org.w3c.dom.Document;

+import org.w3c.dom.Node;

+import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;

+

+/**

+ * Transformer to convert data from DOM Node to JavaBean

+ *

+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$

+ */

+public class DOMNode2JavaBeanTransformer extends XML2JavaBeanTransformer<Node> {

+

+    @Override

+    public Node getRootElement(Node element) throws XML2JavaMapperException {

+        if (element instanceof Document) {

+            return ((Document)element).getDocumentElement();

+        } else {

+            return element;

+        }

+

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    public Iterator<Node> getChildElements(Node parent) throws XML2JavaMapperException {

+        NodeList nodeList = parent.getChildNodes();

+        List<Node> nodeArrayList = new ArrayList<Node>(nodeList.getLength());

+        for (int count = 0; count < nodeList.getLength(); ++count) {

+            nodeArrayList.add(nodeList.item(count));

+        }

+

+        return nodeArrayList.iterator();

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    public String getElementName(Node element) throws XML2JavaMapperException {

+        return element.getLocalName();

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    public String getText(Node element) throws XML2JavaMapperException {

+        if (element instanceof Document) {

+            element = ((Document)element).getDocumentElement();

+        }

+        return element.getTextContent();

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    public boolean isTextElement(Node element) throws XML2JavaMapperException {

+        return element.getNodeType() == Node.TEXT_NODE;

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    public boolean isTextOnly(Node element) throws XML2JavaMapperException {

+        NodeList childNodes = element.getChildNodes();

+        return childNodes.getLength() == 1 && isTextElement(childNodes.item(0));

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    public Node getFirstChildWithName(Node element, QName name) throws XML2JavaMapperException {

+        Node child;

+        for (child = element.getFirstChild();

+             child != null && !(child.getNodeName() == name.getLocalPart()

+                                && child.getNamespaceURI() == name.getNamespaceURI()) ;

+             child = child.getNextSibling()) {

+        }

+        return child;

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    public Class getSourceType() {

+        return Node.class;

+    }

+}

diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/Java2XMLMapperException.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/Java2XMLMapperException.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9615f43572
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/Java2XMLMapperException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*

+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

+ * distributed with this work for additional information

+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

+ * 

+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

+ * 

+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an

+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the

+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations

+ * under the License.    

+ */

+

+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans;

+

+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

+

+/**

+ * This exception is used to encapsulate and rethrow exceptions that arise out

+ * of converting JavaBean objects to XML

+ *

+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$

+ */

+public class Java2XMLMapperException extends RuntimeException {

+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 6811924384399578686L;

+

+    private QName xmlElementName;

+    private String javaFieldName;

+    private Class javaType;

+    

+    public Java2XMLMapperException(String message) {

+        super(message);

+    }

+

+    public Java2XMLMapperException(Throwable cause) {

+        super(cause);

+    }

+

+    public String getJavaFieldName() {

+        return javaFieldName;

+    }

+

+    public void setJavaFieldName(String javaFieldName) {

+        this.javaFieldName = javaFieldName;

+    }

+

+    public Class getJavaType() {

+        return javaType;

+    }

+

+    public void setJavaType(Class javaType) {

+        this.javaType = javaType;

+    }

+

+    public QName getXmlElementName() {

+        return xmlElementName;

+    }

+

+    public void setXmlElementName(QName xmlElementName) {

+        this.xmlElementName = xmlElementName;

+    }

+

+}

diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/JavaBean2DOMNodeTransformer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/JavaBean2DOMNodeTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..58f594751a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/JavaBean2DOMNodeTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*

+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

+ * distributed with this work for additional information

+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

+ * 

+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

+ * 

+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an

+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the

+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations

+ * under the License.    

+ */

+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans;

+

+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

+import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;

+

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.DOMHelper;

+import org.w3c.dom.Attr;

+import org.w3c.dom.Document;

+import org.w3c.dom.Node;

+

+/**

+ * Transformer to convert data from a JavaBean object to DOM Node

+ *

+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$

+ */

+public class JavaBean2DOMNodeTransformer extends JavaBean2XMLTransformer<Node> {

+

+    public static final String COLON = ":";

+    private Document factory;

+    

+    public JavaBean2DOMNodeTransformer() {

+        super();

+        try {

+            factory = DOMHelper.newDocument(); 

+        } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {

+            throw new Java2XMLMapperException(e);

+        }

+    }

+    

+    @Override

+    public void appendChild(Node parentElement, Node childElement) throws Java2XMLMapperException {

+        parentElement.appendChild(childElement);

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    public Node createElement(QName qName) throws Java2XMLMapperException {

+        String qualifedName =

+            (qName.getPrefix() == null || qName.getPrefix().length() <= 0) ? qName.getLocalPart()

+                : qName.getPrefix() + COLON + qName.getLocalPart();

+        return factory.createElementNS(qName.getNamespaceURI(), qualifedName);

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    public void appendText(Node parentElement, String textData) throws Java2XMLMapperException {

+        Node textNode;

+        if (textData != null) {

+            textNode = factory.createTextNode(textData);

+        } else {

+            Attr nil = factory.createAttributeNS("http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance", "xsi:nil");

+            nil.setValue("true");

+            textNode = nil;

+        }

+        appendChild(parentElement, textNode);

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    public Class getTargetType() {

+        return Node.class;

+    }

+

+}

diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/JavaBean2XMLStreamReaderTransformer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/JavaBean2XMLStreamReaderTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4942fef0da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/JavaBean2XMLStreamReaderTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans;
+
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.BeanXMLStreamReaderImpl;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;
+
+/**
+ * Transformer to convert data from a JavaBean object to XMLStreamReader.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class JavaBean2XMLStreamReaderTransformer extends BaseTransformer<Object, XMLStreamReader> implements
+    PullTransformer<Object, XMLStreamReader> {
+
+    public XMLStreamReader transform(Object source, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            javax.xml.namespace.QName name = null;
+            if (context != null) {
+                Object logical = context.getSourceDataType().getLogical();
+                if (logical instanceof XMLType) {
+                    name = ((XMLType)logical).getElementName();
+                }
+            }
+            return new BeanXMLStreamReaderImpl(name, source);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Object> getSourceType() {
+        return Object.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<XMLStreamReader> getTargetType() {
+        return XMLStreamReader.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 50;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/JavaBean2XMLTransformer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/JavaBean2XMLTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b96b394bb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/JavaBean2XMLTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+/*

+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

+ * distributed with this work for additional information

+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

+ * 

+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

+ * 

+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an

+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the

+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations

+ * under the License.    

+ */

+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans;

+

+import java.lang.reflect.Array;

+import java.lang.reflect.Field;

+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;

+import java.lang.reflect.Method;

+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;

+import java.util.Date;

+import java.util.GregorianCalendar;

+

+import javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar;

+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

+

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.SimpleTypeMapperImpl;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;

+

+/**

+ * Transformer to convert data from a JavaBean object to xml

+ *

+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$

+ */

+public abstract class JavaBean2XMLTransformer<T> extends BaseTransformer<Object, T> implements

+    PullTransformer<Object, T> {

+

+    public static final String GET = "get";

+    public static final String PREFIX = "n";

+    public static final String PERIOD = ".";

+    public static final String FWD_SLASH = "/";

+    public static final String HTTP = "http://";

+    private static int prefixCount = 1;

+

+    protected SimpleTypeMapperImpl mapper;

+

+    public JavaBean2XMLTransformer() {

+        this.mapper = new SimpleTypeMapperImpl();

+    }

+

+    public T transform(Object source, TransformationContext context) {

+        QName rootElement = null;

+        if (context != null) {

+            DataType<?> type = context.getTargetDataType();

+            if (type != null) {

+                Object logical = type.getLogical();

+                if (logical instanceof XMLType) {

+                    rootElement = ((XMLType)logical).getElementName();

+                }

+            }

+        }

+        //FIXME See how/if we still need to get the metadata here

+        //QName rootElementName = (QName)context.getTargetDataType().getMetadata("RootElementName");

+        //if (rootElementName == null) {

+        QName rootElementName = new QName(resolveRootElementName(source.getClass()));

+        //}

+

+        T root = createElement(rootElementName);

+        appendChildElements(root, resolveElementName(source.getClass()), source.getClass(), source, context);

+        return root;

+    }

+

+    private void appendChildElements(T parent,

+                                     QName elementName,

+                                     Class javaType,

+                                     Object javaObject,

+                                     TransformationContext context) {

+        T element = null;

+        if (javaObject != null) {

+            if (javaType.isPrimitive() || isSimpleJavaType(javaObject)) {

+                appendText(parent, mapper.toXMLLiteral(null, javaObject, context));

+            } else if (javaType.isArray()) {

+                int size = Array.getLength(javaObject);

+                for (int count = 0; count < size; ++count) {

+                    Object item = Array.get(javaObject, count);

+                    element = createElement(elementName);

+                    appendChild(parent, element);

+                    appendChildElements(element, elementName, javaType.getComponentType(), item, context);

+                }

+            } else {

+                Field[] javaFields = javaType.getFields();

+                for (Field aField : javaFields) {

+                    try {

+                        QName fieldElementName = new QName(aField.getName());

+                        if (!aField.getType().isArray()) {

+                            element = createElement(fieldElementName);

+                            appendChild(parent, element);

+                            appendChildElements(element,

+                                                fieldElementName,

+                                                aField.getType(),

+                                                aField.get(javaObject),

+                                                context);

+                        } else {

+                            appendChildElements(parent,

+                                                fieldElementName,

+                                                aField.getType(),

+                                                aField.get(javaObject),

+                                                context);

+                        }

+                    } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {

+                        Java2XMLMapperException java2xmlEx = new Java2XMLMapperException(e);

+                        java2xmlEx.setJavaFieldName(aField.getName());

+                        java2xmlEx.setJavaType(javaType);

+                        throw java2xmlEx;

+                    }

+                }

+

+                Method[] methods = javaType.getMethods();

+                String fieldName = null;

+                for (Method aMethod : methods) {

+                    try {

+                        if (Modifier.isPublic(aMethod.getModifiers()) && aMethod.getName().startsWith(GET)

+                            && aMethod.getParameterTypes().length == 0

+                            && isMappedGetter(aMethod.getName())) {

+                            fieldName = resolveFieldFromMethod(aMethod.getName());

+                            try {

+                                javaType.getField(fieldName);

+                            } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {

+                                QName fieldElementName = new QName(fieldName);

+                                if (aMethod.getReturnType().isArray()) {

+                                    appendChildElements(parent, fieldElementName, aMethod.getReturnType(), aMethod

+                                        .invoke(javaObject, new Object[0]), context);

+                                } else {

+                                    element = createElement(fieldElementName);

+                                    appendChild(parent, element);

+                                    appendChildElements(element, fieldElementName, aMethod.getReturnType(), aMethod

+                                        .invoke(javaObject, new Object[0]), context);

+                                }

+                            }

+                        }

+                    } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {

+                        Java2XMLMapperException java2xmlEx = new Java2XMLMapperException(e);

+                        java2xmlEx.setJavaFieldName(fieldName);

+                        java2xmlEx.setJavaType(javaType);

+                        throw java2xmlEx;

+                    } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {

+                        Java2XMLMapperException java2xmlEx = new Java2XMLMapperException(e);

+                        java2xmlEx.setJavaFieldName(fieldName);

+                        java2xmlEx.setJavaType(javaType);

+                        throw java2xmlEx;

+                    }

+                }

+            }

+        }

+    }

+

+    /*

+     * Subclasses can override this method to prevent some getter methods

+     * from being mapped.  The default implementation provided by this class

+     * maps all getter methods.

+     */

+    protected boolean isMappedGetter(String methodName) {

+        return true;

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    public String getSourceDataBinding() {

+        return JavaBeansDataBinding.NAME;

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    public Class<Object> getSourceType() {

+        return Object.class;

+    }

+

+    private boolean isSimpleJavaType(Object javaObject) {

+        if (javaObject instanceof String) {

+            return true;

+        }

+        if (javaObject instanceof Byte || javaObject instanceof Character

+            || javaObject instanceof Short

+            || javaObject instanceof Integer

+            || javaObject instanceof Long

+            || javaObject instanceof Float

+            || javaObject instanceof Double

+            || javaObject instanceof Boolean) {

+            return true;

+        }

+        if (javaObject instanceof GregorianCalendar || javaObject instanceof Date

+            || javaObject instanceof XMLGregorianCalendar

+            || javaObject instanceof byte[]

+            || javaObject instanceof QName) {

+            return true;

+        }

+        return false;

+    }

+

+    private String resolveRootElementName(Class javaType) {

+        if (javaType.isArray()) {

+            return javaType.getComponentType().getSimpleName() + "_collection";

+        } else {

+            return javaType.getSimpleName() + "_instance";

+        }

+    }

+

+    private QName resolveElementName(Class javaType) {

+        if (javaType.isArray()) {

+            return new QName(javaType.getComponentType().getSimpleName());

+        } else {

+            return new QName(javaType.getSimpleName());

+        }

+    }

+

+    private String resolveFieldFromMethod(String methodName) {

+        StringBuffer fieldName = new StringBuffer();

+        fieldName.append(Character.toLowerCase(methodName.charAt(GET.length())));

+        fieldName.append(methodName.substring(GET.length() + 1));

+        return fieldName.toString();

+    }

+

+    public String getNexPrefix() {

+        return PREFIX + prefixCount++;

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    public int getWeight() {

+        return JavaBeansDataBinding.HEAVY_WEIGHT;

+    }

+

+    /**

+     * Create an element with the given name

+     * @param qName

+     * @return

+     * @throws Java2XMLMapperException

+     */

+    public abstract T createElement(QName qName) throws Java2XMLMapperException;

+

+    /**

+     * Create a text node and add it to the parent

+     * @param parentElement

+     * @param textData

+     * @throws Java2XMLMapperException

+     */

+    public abstract void appendText(T parentElement, String textData) throws Java2XMLMapperException;

+

+    /**

+     * Add the child element to the parent

+     * @param parentElement

+     * @param childElement

+     * @throws Java2XMLMapperException

+     */

+    public abstract void appendChild(T parentElement, T childElement) throws Java2XMLMapperException;

+}

diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/JavaBeansDataBinding.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/JavaBeansDataBinding.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9ee3c1f7d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/JavaBeansDataBinding.java
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+/*

+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

+ * distributed with this work for additional information

+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

+ *

+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

+ *

+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an

+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the

+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations

+ * under the License.

+ */

+

+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans;

+

+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;

+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;

+import java.io.IOException;

+import java.io.InputStream;

+import java.io.ObjectInputStream;

+import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;

+import java.io.ObjectStreamClass;

+import java.io.OutputStream;

+import java.io.Serializable;

+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;

+import java.lang.reflect.Method;

+import java.util.logging.Logger;

+

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseDataBinding;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;

+import org.osoa.sca.ServiceRuntimeException;

+

+/**

+ * DataBinding for JavaBeans

+ *

+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$

+ */

+public class JavaBeansDataBinding extends BaseDataBinding {

+    private final static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(JavaBeansDataBinding.class.getName());

+    /**

+     * Defining a weight to a very high number so that the transformer won't be picked

+     * up by other paths unless it's the only available path

+     */

+    public static final int HEAVY_WEIGHT = 10000;

+    public static final String NAME = "java:complexType";

+

+    public JavaBeansDataBinding() {

+        super(NAME, Object.class);

+    }

+

+    protected JavaBeansDataBinding(String name, Class<?> baseType) {

+        super(name, baseType);

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    public Object copy(Object arg, DataType dataType, Operation operation) {

+        if (arg == null) {

+            return null;

+        }

+        final Class<?> clazz = arg.getClass();

+        if (String.class == clazz || clazz.isPrimitive()

+            || Number.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)

+            || Boolean.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)

+            || Character.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)

+            || Byte.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)) {

+            // Immutable classes

+            return arg;

+        }

+        try {

+            if (arg instanceof Serializable) {

+                ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

+                ObjectOutputStream oos = getObjectOutputStream(bos);

+                oos.writeObject(arg);

+                oos.close();

+                bos.close();

+

+                // Work out which ClassLoader to use for deserializing arg

+                // We want to use:

+                //   * The ClassLoader of arg if it is not the System ClassLoader

+                //   * The ThreadContext ClassLoader if the ClassLoader of arg is the System ClassLoader

+                //     because Collection classes are loaded by the System ClassLoader but their contents

+                //     may be loaded from another ClassLoader

+                //

+                ClassLoader classLoaderToUse = clazz.getClassLoader();

+                if (classLoaderToUse == null)

+                {

+                    // ClassLoader of arg is the System ClassLoader so we will use the ThreadContext ClassLoader

+                    // instead

+                    classLoaderToUse = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();

+                }

+

+                ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray());

+                ObjectInputStream ois = getObjectInputStream(bis, classLoaderToUse);

+                Object objectCopy = ois.readObject();

+                ois.close();

+                bis.close();

+                return objectCopy;

+            } else if (arg instanceof Cloneable) {

+                Method clone;

+                try {

+                    clone = arg.getClass().getMethod("clone");

+                    try {

+                        return clone.invoke(arg, (Object[])null);

+                    } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {

+                        if (e.getTargetException() instanceof CloneNotSupportedException) {

+                            // Ignore

+                        } else {

+                            throw new ServiceRuntimeException(e);

+                        }

+                    } catch (Exception e) {

+                        throw new ServiceRuntimeException(e);

+                    }

+                } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {

+                    // Ignore it

+                }

+            }

+                // return arg;

+            logger.warning("Argument type '" + arg.getClass().getName()

+                + "' is not Serializable or Cloneable. Pass-by-value is skipped.");

+            return arg;

+       } catch (Exception e) {

+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Pass-by-value is not supported for the given object: " + arg.getClass()

+                .getName(), e);

+        }

+    }

+

+    protected ObjectOutputStream getObjectOutputStream(OutputStream os) throws IOException {

+        return new ObjectOutputStream(os);

+    }

+

+    protected ObjectInputStream getObjectInputStream(InputStream is, final ClassLoader cl) throws IOException {

+        ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(is) {

+            @Override

+            protected Class<?> resolveClass(ObjectStreamClass desc) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {

+                try {

+                    return Class.forName(desc.getName(), false, cl);

+                } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

+                    try {

+                        // For OSGi, use context ClassLoader if the bundle ClassLoader cannot load the class

+                        if (cl != Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader()) {

+                            return Class.forName(desc.getName(), false, Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());

+                        }

+                    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e1) {

+                        // ignore

+                    } catch (NoClassDefFoundError e1) {

+                        // ignore

+                    }

+                    return super.resolveClass(desc);

+                }

+            }

+

+        };

+        return ois;

+    }

+

+}

diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/JavaExceptionDataBinding.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/JavaExceptionDataBinding.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7ae64c6a27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/JavaExceptionDataBinding.java
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*

+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

+ * distributed with this work for additional information

+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

+ * 

+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

+ * 

+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an

+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the

+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations

+ * under the License.    

+ */

+

+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans;

+

+

+/**

+ * DataBinding for Java Exceptions

+ *

+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$

+ */

+public class JavaExceptionDataBinding extends JavaBeansDataBinding {

+

+    public static final String NAME = "java:exception";

+

+    public JavaExceptionDataBinding() {

+        super(NAME, null);

+    }

+}

diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/SimpleJavaDataBinding.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/SimpleJavaDataBinding.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..61a2189c72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/SimpleJavaDataBinding.java
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans;
+
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseDataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.SimpleTypeMapperImpl;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XMLStringDataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.TypeInfo;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;
+
+/**
+ * DataBinding for Java simple types
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class SimpleJavaDataBinding extends BaseDataBinding {
+    public static final String NAME = "java:simpleType";
+
+    public SimpleJavaDataBinding() {
+        super(NAME, Object.class);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Object copy(Object arg, DataType dataType, Operation operation) {
+        if (arg instanceof byte[]) {
+            return ((byte[])arg).clone();
+        }
+        return arg;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean introspect(DataType type, Operation operation) {
+        Class<?> cls = type.getPhysical();
+        if (cls == Object.class) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        // HACK: [rfeng] By pass the one know to XMLString
+        String db = type.getDataBinding();
+        if (db != null && (XMLStringDataBinding.NAME.equals(db))) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (SimpleTypeMapperImpl.JAVA2XML.keySet().contains(cls)) {
+            type.setDataBinding(NAME);
+            QName elementName = null;
+            Object logical = type.getLogical();
+            if (logical instanceof XMLType) {
+                elementName = ((XMLType)logical).getElementName();
+            }
+            TypeInfo typeInfo = SimpleTypeMapperImpl.getXMLType(cls);
+            type.setLogical(new XMLType(elementName, typeInfo == null ? null : typeInfo.getQName()));
+            return true;
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/XML2JavaBeanTransformer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/XML2JavaBeanTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..06feeffabd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/XML2JavaBeanTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,329 @@
+/*

+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

+ * distributed with this work for additional information

+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

+ * 

+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

+ * 

+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an

+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the

+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations

+ * under the License.    

+ */

+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans;

+

+import java.lang.reflect.Array;

+import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;

+import java.lang.reflect.Field;

+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;

+import java.lang.reflect.Method;

+import java.util.ArrayList;

+import java.util.Hashtable;

+import java.util.Iterator;

+import java.util.List;

+import java.util.Map;

+

+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

+

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.SimpleTypeMapperImpl;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;

+

+/**

+ * Transformer to convert data from XML to JavaBean

+ *

+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$

+ */

+public abstract class XML2JavaBeanTransformer<T> extends BaseTransformer<T, Object> implements

+        PullTransformer<T, Object> {

+

+    public static final String SET = "set";

+    public static final QName QNAME_MESSAGE = new QName("message");

+

+    protected SimpleTypeMapperImpl mapper;

+

+    public XML2JavaBeanTransformer() {

+        this.mapper = new SimpleTypeMapperImpl();

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    public int getWeight() {

+        return JavaBeansDataBinding.HEAVY_WEIGHT;

+    }

+    

+    public Object transform(T source, TransformationContext context) {

+        //FIXME why is the logical type sometimes a Class instead of an XMLType?

+        if (context.getSourceDataType().getLogical() instanceof XMLType) {

+            XMLType xmlType = (XMLType) context.getSourceDataType().getLogical();

+            return toJavaObject(xmlType.getTypeName(), getRootElement(source), context);

+        } else {

+            return toJavaObject(null, getRootElement(source), context);

+        }

+    }

+

+    public Object toJavaObject(QName xmlType, T xmlElement, TransformationContext context) {

+        if (xmlType != null && SimpleTypeMapperImpl.isSimpleXSDType(xmlType)) {

+            return mapper.toJavaObject(xmlType, getText(xmlElement), context);

+        } else {

+            Class<?> javaType = (Class<?>)context.getTargetDataType().getPhysical();

+            return createJavaObject(xmlElement, javaType, context);

+        }

+    }

+    

+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

+    private <L> L createJavaObject(T element, Class<L> javaType, TransformationContext context) 

+        throws XML2JavaMapperException {

+        if (isTextOnly(element)) {

+            return (L) mapper.toJavaObject(SimpleTypeMapperImpl.getXMLType(javaType).getQName(),

+                                                 getText(element),

+                                                 context);

+        } else {

+            String fieldName = null;

+            try {

+                L javaInstance;

+                T detailMsg = null;

+                if (Throwable.class.isAssignableFrom(javaType)) {

+                    T msgElement = getFirstChildWithName(element, QNAME_MESSAGE);

+                    if (msgElement != null && isTextOnly(msgElement)) {

+                        detailMsg = msgElement;  // skip this when handling child elements

+                        Constructor constructor = javaType.getConstructor(new Class[] {String.class});

+                        javaInstance = (L)constructor.newInstance(new Object[] {getText(detailMsg)});

+                    } else {

+                        javaInstance = javaType.newInstance();

+                    }

+                } else {

+                    javaInstance = javaType.newInstance();

+                }

+                Map<Field, List<Object>> arrayFields = new Hashtable<Field, List<Object>>();

+                Map<Method, List<Object>> arraySetters = new Hashtable<Method, List<Object>>();

+                

+                for (Iterator<T> childElements = getChildElements(element); childElements.hasNext(); ) {

+                    T childElement = childElements.next();

+                    if (!isTextElement(childElement) && childElement != detailMsg) {

+                        fieldName = getElementName(childElement);

+                        try {

+                            Field javaField = javaType.getField(fieldName);

+                            setFieldValue(javaInstance,

+                                          javaField,

+                                          childElement,

+                                          arrayFields,

+                                          context);

+

+                        } catch (NoSuchFieldException e1) {

+                            setFieldValueUsingSetter(javaType,

+                                                     javaInstance,

+                                                     fieldName,

+                                                     childElement,

+                                                     arraySetters,

+                                                     context);

+                        }

+                    }

+                }

+

+                setArrayValues(javaInstance, arrayFields, arraySetters);

+                return javaInstance;

+            } catch (Exception e2) {

+                XML2JavaMapperException xml2JavaEx = new XML2JavaMapperException(e2);

+                xml2JavaEx.setJavaType(javaType);

+                xml2JavaEx.setJavaFieldName(fieldName);

+                throw xml2JavaEx;

+            }

+        }

+    }

+

+    private void setFieldValue(Object javaInstance,

+                               Field javaField,

+                               T fieldValue,

+                               Map<Field, List<Object>> arrayFields,

+                               TransformationContext context) throws IllegalAccessException {

+        Class<?> javaFieldType = (Class<?>) javaField.getType();

+

+        if (javaFieldType.isArray()) {

+            Class<?> componentType = javaFieldType.getComponentType();

+            List<Object> fldValueArray = arrayFields.get(javaField);

+            if (fldValueArray == null) {

+                fldValueArray = new ArrayList<Object>();

+                arrayFields.put(javaField, fldValueArray);

+            }

+            fldValueArray.add(createJavaObject(fieldValue, componentType, context));

+        } else {

+            javaField.setAccessible(true);

+            javaField.set(javaInstance, createJavaObject(fieldValue, javaFieldType, context));

+        }

+    }

+

+    private void setFieldValueUsingSetter(Class javaType,

+                                          Object javaInstance,

+                                          String fieldName,

+                                          T fieldValue,

+                                          Map<Method, List<Object>> arraySetters,

+                                          TransformationContext context) throws IllegalAccessException,

+                                                                        InvocationTargetException {

+        char firstChar = Character.toUpperCase(fieldName.charAt(0));

+        StringBuilder methodName = new StringBuilder(SET + fieldName);

+        methodName.setCharAt(SET.length(), firstChar);

+        boolean methodNotFound = true;

+

+        for (int methodCount = 0; methodNotFound && methodCount < javaType.getMethods().length; ++methodCount) {

+            Method aMethod = javaType.getMethods()[methodCount];

+            if (aMethod.getName().equals(methodName.toString())

+                    && aMethod.getParameterTypes().length == 1) {

+                Class<?> paramType = aMethod.getParameterTypes()[0];

+

+                if (paramType.isArray()) {

+                    Class<?> componentType = paramType.getComponentType();

+                    List<Object> setterValueArray = arraySetters.get(aMethod);

+                    if (setterValueArray == null) {

+                        setterValueArray = new ArrayList<Object>();

+                        arraySetters.put(aMethod, setterValueArray);

+                    }

+                    setterValueArray.add(createJavaObject(fieldValue, componentType, context));

+                } else {

+                    aMethod.invoke(javaInstance, new Object[] {createJavaObject(fieldValue,

+                                                                                 paramType,

+                                                                                 context)});

+                }

+                methodNotFound = false;

+            }

+        }

+

+        if (methodNotFound) {

+            XML2JavaMapperException xml2JavaEx =

+                    new XML2JavaMapperException("No field or setter method to configure xml data");

+            xml2JavaEx.setJavaFieldName(fieldName);

+            xml2JavaEx.setJavaType(javaType);

+            throw xml2JavaEx;

+        }

+    }

+

+    private void setArrayValues(Object javaInstance,

+                                Map<Field, List<Object>> arrayFields,

+                                Map<Method, List<Object>> arraySetters) throws IllegalAccessException,

+                                                                       InvocationTargetException {

+        if (arrayFields.size() > 0) {

+            for (Field javaField : arrayFields.keySet()) {

+                javaField.setAccessible(true);

+

+                if (javaField.getType().getComponentType().isPrimitive()) {

+                    javaField.set(javaInstance, createPrimitiveArray(javaField.getType()

+                                                                              .getComponentType(),

+                                                                     arrayFields.get(javaField)));

+                } else {

+                    javaField.set(javaInstance,

+                                  createNonPrimitiveArray(javaField.getType().getComponentType(),

+                                                          arrayFields.get(javaField)));

+                }

+            }

+        }

+

+        if (arraySetters.size() > 0) {

+            for (Method aMethod : arraySetters.keySet()) {

+                Class paramType = aMethod.getParameterTypes()[0];

+                if (paramType.getComponentType().isPrimitive()) {

+                    aMethod.invoke(javaInstance,

+                                   new Object[] {createPrimitiveArray(paramType.getComponentType(),

+                                                                       arraySetters.get(aMethod))});

+                } else {

+                    aMethod.invoke(javaInstance,

+                                   new Object[] {createNonPrimitiveArray(paramType.getComponentType(),

+                                                                          arraySetters.get(aMethod))});

+                }

+            }

+        }

+    }

+

+    private Object createNonPrimitiveArray(Class fieldType, List values) {

+        Object objectArray = Array.newInstance(fieldType, values.size());

+        for (int count = 0; count < values.size(); ++count) {

+            Array.set(objectArray, count, values.get(count));

+        }

+        return objectArray;

+    }

+

+    private Object createPrimitiveArray(Class fieldType, List values) {

+        if (fieldType.isPrimitive()) {

+            if (fieldType.getName().equals("int")) {

+                int[] primitiveValues = new int[values.size()];

+                for (int count = 0; count < values.size(); ++count) {

+                    primitiveValues[count] = ((Integer) values.get(count)).intValue();

+                }

+                return primitiveValues;

+            } else if (fieldType.getName().equals("float")) {

+                float[] primitiveValues = new float[values.size()];

+                for (int count = 0; count < values.size(); ++count) {

+                    primitiveValues[count] = ((Float) values.get(count)).floatValue();

+                }

+                return primitiveValues;

+            } else if (fieldType.getName().equals("boolean")) {

+                boolean[] primitiveValues = new boolean[values.size()];

+                for (int count = 0; count < values.size(); ++count) {

+                    primitiveValues[count] = ((Boolean) values.get(count)).booleanValue();

+                }

+                return primitiveValues;

+            } else if (fieldType.getName().equals("char")) {

+                char[] primitiveValues = new char[values.size()];

+                for (int count = 0; count < values.size(); ++count) {

+                    primitiveValues[count] = ((Character) values.get(count)).charValue();

+                }

+                return primitiveValues;

+            } else if (fieldType.getName().equals("byte")) {

+                byte[] primitiveValues = new byte[values.size()];

+                for (int count = 0; count < values.size(); ++count) {

+                    primitiveValues[count] = ((Byte) values.get(count)).byteValue();

+                }

+                return primitiveValues;

+            } else if (fieldType.getName().equals("short")) {

+                short[] primitiveValues = new short[values.size()];

+                for (int count = 0; count < values.size(); ++count) {

+                    primitiveValues[count] = ((Short) values.get(count)).shortValue();

+                }

+                return primitiveValues;

+            } else if (fieldType.getName().equals("long")) {

+                long[] primitiveValues = new long[values.size()];

+                for (int count = 0; count < values.size(); ++count) {

+                    primitiveValues[count] = ((Long) values.get(count)).longValue();

+                }

+                return primitiveValues;

+            } else if (fieldType.getName().equals("double")) {

+                double[] primitiveValues = new double[values.size()];

+                for (int count = 0; count < values.size(); ++count) {

+                    primitiveValues[count] = ((Double) values.get(count)).doubleValue();

+                }

+                return primitiveValues;

+            }

+        }

+        return values;

+    }

+

+    public abstract String getText(T source) throws XML2JavaMapperException;

+

+    public abstract Iterator<T> getChildElements(T parent) throws XML2JavaMapperException;

+

+    public abstract String getElementName(T element) throws XML2JavaMapperException;

+

+    public abstract boolean isTextElement(T element) throws XML2JavaMapperException;

+    

+    public abstract boolean isTextOnly(T element) throws XML2JavaMapperException;

+

+    public abstract T getFirstChildWithName(T element, QName name) throws XML2JavaMapperException;

+

+    public abstract T getRootElement(T element) throws XML2JavaMapperException;

+

+    @Override

+    public Class<Object> getTargetType() {

+        return Object.class;

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    public String getTargetDataBinding() {

+        return JavaBeansDataBinding.NAME;

+    }

+}

diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/XML2JavaMapperException.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/XML2JavaMapperException.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a723fd445c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/javabeans/XML2JavaMapperException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*

+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

+ * distributed with this work for additional information

+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

+ * 

+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

+ * 

+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an

+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the

+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations

+ * under the License.    

+ */

+

+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans;

+

+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

+

+/**

+ * This exception is used to encapsulate and rethrow exceptions that arise out

+ * of converting XML Data to Java Objects.

+ *

+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$

+ */

+public class XML2JavaMapperException extends RuntimeException {

+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 6596530102591630642L;

+    

+    private QName xmlElementName;

+    private String javaFieldName;

+    private Class javaType;

+

+    public XML2JavaMapperException(String message) {

+        super(message);

+    }

+

+    public XML2JavaMapperException(Throwable cause) {

+        super(cause);

+    }

+

+    public QName getXmlElementName() {

+        return xmlElementName;

+    }

+

+    public void setXmlElementName(QName xmlElementName) {

+        this.xmlElementName = xmlElementName;

+    }

+

+    public String getJavaFieldName() {

+        return javaFieldName;

+    }

+

+    public void setJavaFieldName(String javaFieldName) {

+        this.javaFieldName = javaFieldName;

+    }

+

+    public Class getJavaType() {

+        return javaType;

+    }

+

+    public void setJavaType(Class javaType) {

+        this.javaType = javaType;

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    public String getMessage() {

+        return super.getMessage() + " <" + getJavaFieldName() + "> " + " in <" + getJavaType() + ">";

+    }

+    

+    

+

+}

diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/util/DataTypeHelper.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/util/DataTypeHelper.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ce3237a574
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/util/DataTypeHelper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.util;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.GenericArrayType;
+import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
+import java.lang.reflect.Type;
+import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
+import java.lang.reflect.WildcardType;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Interface;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.WrapperInfo;
+
+/**
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class DataTypeHelper {
+    private DataTypeHelper() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Find all classes referenced by this data type though java generics
+     * @param d
+     * @return
+     */
+    public static Set<Class<?>> findClasses(DataType d) {
+        Set<Class<?>> classes = new HashSet<Class<?>>();
+        Set<Type> visited = new HashSet<Type>();
+        findClasses(d, classes, visited);
+        return classes;
+    }
+
+    private static void findClasses(DataType d, Set<Class<?>> classes, Set<Type> visited) {
+        if (d == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        classes.add(d.getPhysical());
+        if (d.getPhysical() != d.getGenericType()) {
+            findClasses(d.getGenericType(), classes, visited);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Find referenced classes in the generic type
+     * @param type
+     * @param classSet
+     * @param visited
+     */
+    private static void findClasses(Type type, Set<Class<?>> classSet, Set<Type> visited) {
+        if (visited.contains(type) || type == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        visited.add(type);
+        if (type instanceof Class) {
+            Class<?> cls = (Class<?>)type;
+            if (!cls.isInterface()) {
+                classSet.add(cls);
+            }
+            return;
+        } else if (type instanceof ParameterizedType) {
+            ParameterizedType pType = (ParameterizedType)type;
+            findClasses(pType.getRawType(), classSet, visited);
+            for (Type t : pType.getActualTypeArguments()) {
+                findClasses(t, classSet, visited);
+            }
+        } else if (type instanceof TypeVariable) {
+            TypeVariable<?> tv = (TypeVariable<?>)type;
+            for (Type t : tv.getBounds()) {
+                findClasses(t, classSet, visited);
+            }
+        } else if (type instanceof GenericArrayType) {
+            GenericArrayType gType = (GenericArrayType)type;
+            findClasses(gType, classSet, visited);
+        } else if (type instanceof WildcardType) {
+            WildcardType wType = (WildcardType)type;
+            for (Type t : wType.getLowerBounds()) {
+                findClasses(t, classSet, visited);
+            }
+            for (Type t : wType.getUpperBounds()) {
+                findClasses(t, classSet, visited);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get all the data types in the interface
+     * @param intf The interface
+     * @param useWrapper Use wrapper classes?
+     * @return A list of DataTypes
+     */
+    public static List<DataType> getDataTypes(Interface intf, boolean useWrapper) {
+        List<DataType> dataTypes = new ArrayList<DataType>();
+        for (Operation op : intf.getOperations()) {
+            getDataTypes(dataTypes, op, useWrapper);
+        }
+        return dataTypes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get all the data types in the operation
+     * @param op The operaiton
+     * @param useWrapper Use wrapper classes?
+     * @return A list of DataTypes
+     */
+    public static List<DataType> getDataTypes(Operation op, boolean useWrapper) {
+        List<DataType> dataTypes = new ArrayList<DataType>();
+        getDataTypes(dataTypes, op, useWrapper);
+        return dataTypes;
+    }
+
+    private static void getDataTypes(List<DataType> dataTypes, Operation op, boolean useWrapper) {
+
+        WrapperInfo inputWrapperInfo = op.getInputWrapper();
+        WrapperInfo outputWrapperInfo = op.getOutputWrapper();
+        
+        if (useWrapper && (inputWrapperInfo != null) && (outputWrapperInfo != null)) {
+            DataType dt1 = inputWrapperInfo.getWrapperType();
+            if (dt1 != null) {
+                dataTypes.add(dt1);
+            }
+            DataType dt2 = outputWrapperInfo.getWrapperType();
+            if (dt2 != null) {
+                dataTypes.add(dt2);
+            }
+        }
+        // FIXME: [rfeng] We may need to find the referenced classes in the child types
+        // else 
+        {
+            for (DataType dt1 : op.getInputType().getLogical()) {
+                dataTypes.add(dt1);
+            }
+            DataType dt2 = op.getOutputType();
+            if (dt2 != null) {
+                dataTypes.add(dt2);
+            }
+        }
+        for (DataType<DataType> dt3 : op.getFaultTypes()) {
+            DataType dt4 = dt3.getLogical();
+            if (dt4 != null) {
+                dataTypes.add(dt4);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/util/LRUCache.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/util/LRUCache.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..34a82fd2d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/util/LRUCache.java
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.util;
+
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * A Simple LRU Cache
+ * 
+ * @version $Revision$
+ * @param <K>
+ * @param <V>
+ */
+
+public class LRUCache<K, V> extends LinkedHashMap<K, V> {
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = -342098639681884413L;
+    protected int maxCacheSize = 4096;
+
+    /**
+     * Default constructor for an LRU Cache The default capacity is 10000
+     */
+    public LRUCache() {
+        this(0, 4096, 0.75f, true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a LRUCache with a maximum capacity
+     * 
+     * @param maximumCacheSize
+     */
+    public LRUCache(int maximumCacheSize) {
+        this(0, maximumCacheSize, 0.75f, true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an empty <tt>LRUCache</tt> instance with the specified
+     * initial capacity, maximumCacheSize,load factor and ordering mode.
+     * 
+     * @param initialCapacity the initial capacity.
+     * @param maximumCacheSize
+     * @param loadFactor the load factor.
+     * @param accessOrder the ordering mode - <tt>true</tt> for access-order,
+     *                <tt>false</tt> for insertion-order.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the initial capacity is negative or
+     *                 the load factor is non-positive.
+     */
+
+    public LRUCache(int initialCapacity, int maximumCacheSize, float loadFactor, boolean accessOrder) {
+        super(initialCapacity, loadFactor, accessOrder);
+        this.maxCacheSize = maximumCacheSize;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return Returns the maxCacheSize.
+     */
+    public int getMaxCacheSize() {
+        return maxCacheSize;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param maxCacheSize The maxCacheSize to set.
+     */
+    public void setMaxCacheSize(int maxCacheSize) {
+        this.maxCacheSize = maxCacheSize;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected boolean removeEldestEntry(Map.Entry<K, V> eldest) {
+        return size() > maxCacheSize;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/BeanXMLStreamReaderImpl.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/BeanXMLStreamReaderImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3423d3e3b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/BeanXMLStreamReaderImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.beans.BeanInfo;
+import java.beans.Introspector;
+import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.SimpleTypeMapperImpl;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.TypeInfo;
+
+/**
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class BeanXMLStreamReaderImpl extends XmlTreeStreamReaderImpl {
+    private static final Comparator<Accessor> COMPARATOR = new Comparator<Accessor>() {
+        public int compare(Accessor o1, Accessor o2) {
+            return o1.getName().compareTo(o2.getName());
+        }
+    };
+
+    public static class BeanXmlNodeImpl extends SimpleXmlNodeImpl implements XmlNode {
+        private static final Object[] NULL = null;
+        private static final SimpleTypeMapperImpl MAPPER = new SimpleTypeMapperImpl();
+
+        public BeanXmlNodeImpl(Object bean) {
+            super(getName(bean == null ? null : bean.getClass()), bean);
+        }
+
+        public BeanXmlNodeImpl(QName name, Object bean) {
+            super(name, bean);
+        }
+
+        private static boolean isSimpleType(Class<?> javaType) {
+            return SimpleTypeMapperImpl.getXMLType(javaType) != null;
+        }
+
+        private static String getStringValue(Object o) {
+            if (o == null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            TypeInfo info = SimpleTypeMapperImpl.getXMLType(o.getClass());
+            if (info != null) {
+                return MAPPER.toXMLLiteral(info.getQName(), o, null);
+            } else {
+                return String.valueOf(o);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Iterator<XmlNode> children() {
+            if (name == null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            if (value == null) {
+                return super.children();
+            }
+            if (isSimpleType(value.getClass())) {
+                XmlNode textNode = new BeanXmlNodeImpl(null, value);
+                return Arrays.asList(textNode).iterator();
+            }
+            if (Map.class.isAssignableFrom(value.getClass())) {
+                List<XmlNode> entries = new ArrayList<XmlNode>();
+                QName entryName = new QName(name.getNamespaceURI(), "entry");
+                Map map = (Map)value;
+                if (map != null) {
+                    for (Object e : map.entrySet()) {
+                        Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry)e;
+                        entries.add(new BeanXmlNodeImpl(entryName, entry));
+                    }
+                }
+                return entries.iterator();
+            }
+            try {
+                Map<String, Accessor> accessorMap = getAccessors(value);
+                List<Accessor> accessorList = new ArrayList<Accessor>(accessorMap.values());
+                Collections.sort(accessorList, COMPARATOR);
+
+                List<XmlNode> props = new ArrayList<XmlNode>();
+                for (Accessor accessor : accessorList) {
+                    Class<?> pType = accessor.getType();
+
+                    QName pName = new QName(name.getNamespaceURI(), accessor.getName());
+                    Object pValue = accessor.getValue();
+                    if (pType.isArray()) {
+                        if (pValue != null) {
+                            int i1 = Array.getLength(pValue);
+                            for (int j = 0; j < i1; j++) {
+                                Object o = Array.get(pValue, j);
+                                props.add(new BeanXmlNodeImpl(pName, o));
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            // TODO: How to handle null?
+                        }
+                    } else if (Collection.class.isAssignableFrom(pType)) {
+                        Collection objList = (Collection)pValue;
+                        if (objList != null && objList.size() > 0) {
+                            for (Iterator j = objList.iterator(); j.hasNext();) {
+                                Object o = j.next();
+                                props.add(new BeanXmlNodeImpl(pName, o));
+                            }
+
+                        } else {
+                            // How to handle null
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        props.add(new BeanXmlNodeImpl(pName, pValue));
+                    }
+                }
+                return props.iterator();
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException(e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public QName getName() {
+            return name;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String getValue() {
+            return getStringValue(value);
+        }
+        
+        private static String getPackageName(Class<?> cls) {
+            String name = cls.getName();
+            int index = name.lastIndexOf('.');
+            return index == -1 ? "" : name.substring(0, index);
+        }
+
+        public static QName getName(Class<?> cls) {
+            if (cls == null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            String packageName = getPackageName(cls);
+
+            if ("".equals(packageName)) {
+                return new QName("", cls.getSimpleName());
+            }
+            StringBuffer ns = new StringBuffer("http://");
+            String[] names = packageName.split("\\.");
+            for (int i = names.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+                ns.append(names[i]);
+                if (i != 0) {
+                    ns.append('.');
+                }
+            }
+            ns.append('/');
+            return new QName(ns.toString(), cls.getSimpleName());
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public BeanXMLStreamReaderImpl(QName name, Object bean) {
+        super(getXmlNode(name, bean));
+    }
+
+    private static BeanXmlNodeImpl getXmlNode(QName name, Object bean) {
+        BeanXmlNodeImpl root = null;
+        if (name != null) {
+            root = new BeanXmlNodeImpl(name, bean);
+        } else {
+            root = new BeanXmlNodeImpl(bean);
+        }
+        return root;
+    }
+
+    public static interface Accessor {
+        String getName();
+
+        Class<?> getType();
+
+        Object getValue() throws Exception;
+
+        void setValue(Object value) throws Exception;
+    }
+
+    private static class FieldAccessor implements Accessor {
+        private Object target;
+        private Field field;
+
+        public FieldAccessor(Object target, Field field) {
+            super();
+            this.target = target;
+            this.field = field;
+            this.field.setAccessible(true);
+        }
+
+        public String getName() {
+            return field.getName();
+        }
+
+        public Object getValue() throws Exception {
+            return field.get(target);
+        }
+
+        public void setValue(Object value) throws Exception {
+            field.set(target, value);
+        }
+
+        public Class<?> getType() {
+            return field.getType();
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static class PropertyAccessor implements Accessor {
+        private Object target;
+        private PropertyDescriptor prop;
+
+        public PropertyAccessor(Object target, PropertyDescriptor prop) {
+            super();
+            this.target = target;
+            this.prop = prop;
+        }
+
+        public String getName() {
+            return prop.getName();
+        }
+
+        public Class<?> getType() {
+            return prop.getPropertyType();
+        }
+
+        public Object getValue() throws Exception {
+            Method getter = prop.getReadMethod();
+            if (getter != null) {
+                getter.setAccessible(true);
+                return getter.invoke(target);
+            }
+            throw new IllegalAccessException("The property cannot be read: " + getName());
+        }
+
+        public void setValue(Object value) throws Exception {
+            Method setter = prop.getWriteMethod();
+            if (setter != null) {
+                setter.setAccessible(true);
+                setter.invoke(target);
+            }
+            throw new IllegalAccessException("The property cannot be written: " + getName());
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static Map<String, Accessor> getAccessors(Object target) throws Exception {
+        if (target == null) {
+            return Collections.emptyMap();
+        }
+        Map<String, Accessor> map = new HashMap<String, Accessor>();
+        Class<?> type = target.getClass();
+        for (Field f : type.getFields()) {
+            map.put(f.getName(), new FieldAccessor(target, f));
+        }
+        BeanInfo info = Introspector.getBeanInfo(type, Object.class);
+        for (PropertyDescriptor p : info.getPropertyDescriptors()) {
+            // if (p.getReadMethod() != null && p.getWriteMethod() != null) {
+                map.put(p.getName(), new PropertyAccessor(target, p));
+            // }
+        }
+        return map;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DOMDataBinding.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DOMDataBinding.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e029604722
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DOMDataBinding.java
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.WrapperHandler;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseDataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+
+/**
+ * DOM DataBinding
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class DOMDataBinding extends BaseDataBinding {
+    public static final String NAME = Node.class.getName();
+
+    public static final String ROOT_NAMESPACE = "http://tuscany.apache.org/xmlns/sca/databinding/dom/1.0";
+    public static final QName ROOT_ELEMENT = new QName(ROOT_NAMESPACE, "root");
+
+    public DOMDataBinding() {
+        super(NAME, Node.class);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public WrapperHandler getWrapperHandler() {
+        return new DOMWrapperHandler();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Object copy(Object source, DataType dataType, Operation operation) {
+        if (Node.class.isAssignableFrom(source.getClass())) {
+            Node nodeSource = (Node)source;
+            return nodeSource.cloneNode(true);
+        }
+        return super.copy(source, dataType, operation);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean introspect(DataType type, Operation operation) {
+        if (Node.class.isAssignableFrom(type.getPhysical())) {
+            if (type.getLogical() == null) {
+                type.setLogical(new XMLType(ROOT_ELEMENT, null));
+            }
+            type.setDataBinding(NAME);
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DOMWrapperHandler.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DOMWrapperHandler.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..19a8fe32d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DOMWrapperHandler.java
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.WrapperHandler;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.DOMHelper;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.impl.DataTypeImpl;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.ElementInfo;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.WrapperInfo;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;
+import org.w3c.dom.Document;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
+
+public class DOMWrapperHandler implements WrapperHandler<Node> {
+
+    public DOMWrapperHandler() {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    public Node create(Operation operation, boolean input) {
+        try {
+            WrapperInfo inputWrapperInfo = operation.getInputWrapper();
+            WrapperInfo outputWrapperInfo = operation.getOutputWrapper();
+            ElementInfo element = input ? inputWrapperInfo.getWrapperElement() : outputWrapperInfo.getWrapperElement();
+            
+            Document document = DOMHelper.newDocument();
+            QName name = element.getQName();
+            return DOMHelper.createElement(document, name);
+        } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void setChildren(Node wrapper,
+                            Object[] childObjects,
+                            Operation operation, boolean input) {
+        List<ElementInfo> childElements = input? operation.getInputWrapper().getChildElements():
+                                                 operation.getOutputWrapper().getChildElements();
+        for (int i = 0; i < childElements.size(); i++) {
+            setChild(wrapper, i, childElements.get(i), childObjects[i]);
+        }
+
+    }
+    public void setChild(Node wrapper, int i, ElementInfo childElement, Object value) {
+        Node node = (Node)value;
+        if (node.getNodeType() == Node.DOCUMENT_NODE) {
+            node = ((Document)node).getDocumentElement();
+        }
+        wrapper.appendChild(wrapper.getOwnerDocument().importNode(node, true));
+    }
+
+    public List getChildren(Node wrapper, Operation operation, boolean input) {
+        assert wrapper != null;
+        List<ElementInfo> childElements = input? operation.getInputWrapper().getChildElements():
+            operation.getOutputWrapper().getChildElements();
+        if (wrapper.getNodeType() == Node.DOCUMENT_NODE) {
+            wrapper = ((Document)wrapper).getDocumentElement();
+        }
+        List<Node> elements = new ArrayList<Node>();
+        NodeList nodes = wrapper.getChildNodes();
+        for (int j = 0; j < nodes.getLength(); j++) {
+            Node node = nodes.item(j);
+            if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
+                elements.add(node);
+            }
+        }
+        return elements;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.WrapperHandler#getWrapperType(Operation, boolean)
+     */
+    public DataType getWrapperType(Operation operation, boolean input) {
+        WrapperInfo inputWrapperInfo = operation.getInputWrapper();
+        WrapperInfo outputWrapperInfo = operation.getOutputWrapper();
+        ElementInfo element = input ? inputWrapperInfo.getWrapperElement() : outputWrapperInfo.getWrapperElement();
+        DataType<XMLType> wrapperType =
+            new DataTypeImpl<XMLType>(DOMDataBinding.NAME, Node.class, new XMLType(element));
+        return wrapperType;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isInstance(Object wrapperObj,
+                              Operation operation,
+                              boolean input) {
+        WrapperInfo inputWrapperInfo = operation.getInputWrapper();
+        WrapperInfo outputWrapperInfo = operation.getOutputWrapper();
+        ElementInfo element = input ? inputWrapperInfo.getWrapperElement() : outputWrapperInfo.getWrapperElement();
+        
+        List<ElementInfo> childElements = input? inputWrapperInfo.getChildElements():
+            outputWrapperInfo.getChildElements();
+        
+        Node wrapper = (Node)wrapperObj;
+        if (wrapper.getNodeType() == Node.DOCUMENT_NODE) {
+            wrapper = ((Document)wrapper).getDocumentElement();
+        }
+        QName elementName = new QName(wrapper.getNamespaceURI(), wrapper.getLocalName());
+        if (!element.getQName().equals(elementName)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        Set<QName> names = new HashSet<QName>();
+        for (ElementInfo e : childElements) {
+            names.add(e.getQName());
+        }
+        NodeList nodes = wrapper.getChildNodes();
+        for (int j = 0; j < nodes.getLength(); j++) {
+            Node node = nodes.item(j);
+            if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
+                elementName = new QName(wrapper.getNamespaceURI(), wrapper.getLocalName());
+                if (!names.contains(elementName)) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DOMXMLStreamReader.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DOMXMLStreamReader.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8c7a742cdd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DOMXMLStreamReader.java
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+
+public class DOMXMLStreamReader extends XmlTreeStreamReaderImpl {
+
+    public DOMXMLStreamReader(Node node) {
+        super(new DOMXmlNodeImpl(node));
+        switch (node.getNodeType()) {
+            case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE:
+                break;
+            case Node.ELEMENT_NODE:
+                break;
+            default:
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal node type: " + node);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DOMXmlNodeImpl.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DOMXmlNodeImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..507c141c33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DOMXmlNodeImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+import org.w3c.dom.Attr;
+import org.w3c.dom.Document;
+import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
+
+/**
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class DOMXmlNodeImpl implements XmlNode {
+    private Node node;
+    private Map<String, String> namespaces;
+    private Type type;
+
+    /**
+     * @param element
+     */
+    public DOMXmlNodeImpl(Node element) {
+        super();
+        if (element.getNodeType() == Node.DOCUMENT_NODE) {
+            this.node = ((Document)element).getDocumentElement();
+        } else {
+            this.node = element;
+        }
+        switch (node.getNodeType()) {
+            case Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
+                this.type = Type.CHARACTERS;
+                break;
+            case Node.ELEMENT_NODE:
+                this.type = Type.ELEMENT;
+                break;
+            case Node.TEXT_NODE:
+                this.type = Type.CHARACTERS;
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XmlNode#attributes()
+     */
+    public List<XmlNode> attributes() {
+        if (type != Type.ELEMENT) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        NamedNodeMap attrs = node.getAttributes();
+        List<XmlNode> xmlAttrs = new ArrayList<XmlNode>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < attrs.getLength(); i++) {
+            Attr attr = (Attr)attrs.item(i);
+            if (!attr.getName().equals("xmlns") && !attr.getName().startsWith("xmlns:")) {
+                xmlAttrs.add(new SimpleXmlNodeImpl(getQName(attr), attr.getValue(), XmlNode.Type.ATTRIBUTE));
+            }
+        }
+        return xmlAttrs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XmlNode#children()
+     */
+    public Iterator<XmlNode> children() {
+        if (type != Type.ELEMENT) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        NodeList nodes = node.getChildNodes();
+        List<XmlNode> xmlNodes = new ArrayList<XmlNode>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < nodes.getLength(); i++) {
+            Node child = (Node)nodes.item(i);
+            int nodeType = child.getNodeType();
+            if (nodeType == Node.ELEMENT_NODE || nodeType == Node.TEXT_NODE || nodeType == Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE) {
+                xmlNodes.add(new DOMXmlNodeImpl(child));
+            }
+        }
+        return xmlNodes.iterator();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XmlNode#getName()
+     */
+    public QName getName() {
+        return getQName(node);
+    }
+
+    private static QName getQName(Node node) {
+        int type = node.getNodeType();
+        if (type == Node.ELEMENT_NODE || type == Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE) {
+            String ns = node.getNamespaceURI();
+            String prefix = node.getPrefix();
+            String localName = node.getLocalName();
+            return new QName(ns == null ? "" : ns, localName, prefix == null ? "" : prefix);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XmlNode#getValue()
+     */
+    public String getValue() {
+        return node.getNodeValue();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XmlNode#namespaces()
+     */
+    public Map<String, String> namespaces() {
+        if (type != Type.ELEMENT) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        if (namespaces == null) {
+            namespaces = new HashMap<String, String>();
+            NamedNodeMap attrs = node.getAttributes();
+            for (int i = 0; i < attrs.getLength(); i++) {
+                Attr attr = (Attr)attrs.item(i);
+                if ("xmlns".equals(attr.getPrefix())) {
+                    namespaces.put(attr.getLocalName(), attr.getValue());
+                }
+                if ("xmlns".equals(attr.getName())) {
+                    namespaces.put("", attr.getValue());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return namespaces;
+    }
+
+    public Type getType() {
+        return type;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DelegatingNamespaceContext.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DelegatingNamespaceContext.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7f49a50e1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DelegatingNamespaceContext.java
@@ -0,0 +1,310 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.EmptyStackException;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContext;
+
+public class DelegatingNamespaceContext implements NamespaceContext {
+    private static int count;
+
+    private class WrappingIterator implements Iterator {
+
+        private Iterator containedIterator;
+
+        public WrappingIterator(Iterator containedIterator) {
+            this.containedIterator = containedIterator;
+        }
+
+        public Iterator getContainedIterator() {
+            return containedIterator;
+        }
+
+        public boolean hasNext() {
+            return containedIterator.hasNext();
+        }
+
+        public Object next() {
+            return containedIterator.next();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * As per the contract on the API of Namespace context the returned iterator should be immutable
+         */
+        public void remove() {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+        }
+
+        public void setContainedIterator(Iterator containedIterator) {
+            this.containedIterator = containedIterator;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private NamespaceContext parentNsContext;
+
+    private FastStack<String> prefixStack = new FastStack<String>();
+
+    // Keep two ArrayLists for the prefixes and namespaces. They should be in
+    // sync
+    // since the index of the entry will be used to relate them
+    // use the minimum initial capacity to let things handle memory better
+
+    private FastStack<String> uriStack = new FastStack<String>();
+
+    /**
+     * Generates a unique namespace prefix that is not in the scope of the NamespaceContext
+     * 
+     * @return string
+     */
+    public String generateUniquePrefix() {
+        String prefix = "p" + count++;
+        // null should be returned if the prefix is not bound!
+        while (getNamespaceURI(prefix) != null) {
+            prefix = "p" + count++;
+        }
+
+        return prefix;
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespaceURI(String prefix) {
+        // do the corrections as per the Javadoc
+        int index = prefixStack.search(prefix);
+        if (index != -1) {
+            return uriStack.get(index);
+        }
+        if (parentNsContext != null) {
+            return parentNsContext.getPrefix(prefix);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public NamespaceContext getParentNsContext() {
+        return parentNsContext;
+    }
+
+    public String getPrefix(String uri) {
+        // do the corrections as per the Javadoc
+        int index = uriStack.search(uri);
+        if (index != -1) {
+            return prefixStack.get(index);
+        }
+
+        if (parentNsContext != null) {
+            return parentNsContext.getPrefix(uri);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public Iterator getPrefixes(String uri) {
+        // create an ArrayList that contains the relevant prefixes
+        String[] uris = uriStack.toArray(new String[uriStack.size()]);
+        List<String> tempList = new ArrayList<String>();
+        for (int i = uris.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+            if (uris[i].equals(uri)) {
+                tempList.add(prefixStack.get(i));
+                // we assume that array conversion preserves the order
+            }
+        }
+        // by now all the relevant prefixes are collected
+        // make a new iterator and provide a wrapper iterator to
+        // obey the contract on the API
+        return new WrappingIterator(tempList.iterator());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Pop a namespace
+     */
+    public void popNamespace() {
+        prefixStack.pop();
+        uriStack.pop();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Register a namespace in this context
+     * 
+     * @param prefix
+     * @param uri
+     */
+    public void pushNamespace(String prefix, String uri) {
+        prefixStack.push(prefix);
+        uriStack.push(uri);
+
+    }
+
+    public void setParentNsContext(NamespaceContext parentNsContext) {
+        this.parentNsContext = parentNsContext;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * An implementation of the {@link java.util.Stack} API that is based on an <code>ArrayList</code> instead of a
+     * <code>Vector</code>, so it is not synchronized to protect against multi-threaded access. The implementation is
+     * therefore operates faster in environments where you do not need to worry about multiple thread contention.
+     * <p>
+     * The removal order of an <code>ArrayStack</code> is based on insertion order: The most recently added element is
+     * removed first. The iteration order is <i>not</i> the same as the removal order. The iterator returns elements
+     * from the bottom up, whereas the {@link #remove()} method removes them from the top down.
+     * <p>
+     * Unlike <code>Stack</code>, <code>ArrayStack</code> accepts null entries.
+     */
+    public static class FastStack<T> extends ArrayList<T> {
+
+        /** Ensure Serialization compatibility */
+        private static final long serialVersionUID = 2130079159931574599L;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructs a new empty <code>ArrayStack</code>. The initial size is controlled by <code>ArrayList</code>
+         * and is currently 10.
+         */
+        public FastStack() {
+            super();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Constructs a new empty <code>ArrayStack</code> with an initial size.
+         * 
+         * @param initialSize the initial size to use
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified initial size is negative
+         */
+        public FastStack(int initialSize) {
+            super(initialSize);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Return <code>true</code> if this stack is currently empty.
+         * <p>
+         * This method exists for compatibility with <code>java.util.Stack</code>. New users of this class should use
+         * <code>isEmpty</code> instead.
+         * 
+         * @return true if the stack is currently empty
+         */
+        public boolean empty() {
+            return isEmpty();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the top item off of this stack without removing it.
+         * 
+         * @return the top item on the stack
+         * @throws EmptyStackException if the stack is empty
+         */
+        public T peek() throws EmptyStackException {
+            int n = size();
+            if (n <= 0) {
+                throw new EmptyStackException();
+            } else {
+                return get(n - 1);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the n'th item down (zero-relative) from the top of this stack without removing it.
+         * 
+         * @param n the number of items down to go
+         * @return the n'th item on the stack, zero relative
+         * @throws EmptyStackException if there are not enough items on the stack to satisfy this request
+         */
+        public T peek(int n) throws EmptyStackException {
+            int m = (size() - n) - 1;
+            if (m < 0) {
+                throw new EmptyStackException();
+            } else {
+                return get(m);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Pops the top item off of this stack and return it.
+         * 
+         * @return the top item on the stack
+         * @throws EmptyStackException if the stack is empty
+         */
+        public T pop() throws EmptyStackException {
+            int n = size();
+            if (n <= 0) {
+                throw new EmptyStackException();
+            } else {
+                return remove(n - 1);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Pushes a new item onto the top of this stack. The pushed item is also returned. This is equivalent to calling
+         * <code>add</code>.
+         * 
+         * @param item the item to be added
+         * @return the item just pushed
+         */
+        public Object push(T item) {
+            add(item);
+            return item;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the top-most index for the object in the stack
+         * 
+         * @param object the object to be searched for
+         * @return top-most index, or -1 if not found
+         */
+        public int search(T object) {
+            int i = size() - 1; // Current index
+            while (i >= 0) {
+                T current = get(i);
+                if ((object == null && current == null) || (object != null && object.equals(current))) {
+                    return i;
+                }
+                i--;
+            }
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the element on the top of the stack.
+         * 
+         * @return the element on the top of the stack
+         * @throws EmptyStackException if the stack is empty
+         */
+        public T get() {
+            int size = size();
+            if (size == 0) {
+                throw new EmptyStackException();
+            }
+            return get(size - 1);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Removes the element on the top of the stack.
+         * 
+         * @return the removed element
+         * @throws EmptyStackException if the stack is empty
+         */
+        public T remove() {
+            int size = size();
+            if (size == 0) {
+                throw new EmptyStackException();
+            }
+            return remove(size - 1);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/InputSource2Node.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/InputSource2Node.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5f583da283
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/InputSource2Node.java
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.transform.Source;
+import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMResult;
+import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
+
+/**
+ * Push DOM InputSource to Node
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class InputSource2Node extends BaseTransformer<InputSource, Node> implements
+    PullTransformer<InputSource, Node> {
+    private static final Source2ResultTransformer TRANSFORMER = new Source2ResultTransformer();
+
+    public Node transform(InputSource source, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            Source streamSource = new StreamSource(source.getCharacterStream());
+            DOMResult result = new DOMResult();
+            TRANSFORMER.transform(streamSource, result, context);
+            return result.getNode();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Class<InputSource> getSourceType() {
+        return InputSource.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Class<Node> getTargetType() {
+        return Node.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 40;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/InputSource2SAX.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/InputSource2SAX.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..39116ba4a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/InputSource2SAX.java
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PushTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler;
+import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
+import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;
+import org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLReaderFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Push InputSource to SAX
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class InputSource2SAX extends BaseTransformer<InputSource, ContentHandler> implements
+    PushTransformer<InputSource, ContentHandler> {
+
+    public void transform(InputSource source, ContentHandler target, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            XMLReader reader = XMLReaderFactory.createXMLReader();
+            reader.setFeature("http://xml.org/sax/features/namespaces", true);
+            reader.setFeature("http://xml.org/sax/features/namespace-prefixes", false);
+            reader.setContentHandler(target);
+            reader.parse(source);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Class<InputSource> getSourceType() {
+        return InputSource.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Class<ContentHandler> getTargetType() {
+        return ContentHandler.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 40;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/InputStream2Node.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/InputStream2Node.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e40c3006fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/InputStream2Node.java
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.io.InputStream;
+
+import javax.xml.transform.Source;
+import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMResult;
+import javax.xml.transform.sax.SAXSource;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
+
+/**
+ * Push DOM InputSource to Node
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class InputStream2Node extends BaseTransformer<InputStream, Node> implements
+    PullTransformer<InputStream, Node> {
+    private static final Source2ResultTransformer TRANSFORMER = new Source2ResultTransformer();
+
+    public Node transform(InputStream source, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            Source streamSource = new SAXSource(new InputSource(source));
+            DOMResult result = new DOMResult();
+            TRANSFORMER.transform(streamSource, result, context);
+            return result.getNode();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Class<InputStream> getSourceType() {
+        return InputStream.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Class<Node> getTargetType() {
+        return Node.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 40;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/InputStream2SAX.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/InputStream2SAX.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3b7bd3088a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/InputStream2SAX.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.io.InputStream;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PushTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler;
+import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
+import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;
+import org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLReaderFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Push InputStream to SAX
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class InputStream2SAX extends BaseTransformer<InputStream, ContentHandler> implements
+    PushTransformer<InputStream, ContentHandler> {
+    public void transform(InputStream source, ContentHandler target, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            XMLReader reader = XMLReaderFactory.createXMLReader();
+            reader.setContentHandler(target);
+            reader.parse(new InputSource(source));
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Class<InputStream> getSourceType() {
+        return InputStream.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Class<ContentHandler> getTargetType() {
+        return ContentHandler.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 40;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/NameValueArrayStreamReader.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/NameValueArrayStreamReader.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5a31d9db91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/NameValueArrayStreamReader.java
@@ -0,0 +1,403 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContext;
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+import javax.xml.stream.Location;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
+
+public class NameValueArrayStreamReader implements XMLFragmentStreamReader {
+
+    private static final int START_ELEMENT_STATE = 0;
+    private static final int TEXT_STATE = 1;
+    private static final int END_ELEMENT_STATE = 2;
+    private static final int FINAL_END_ELEMENT_STATE = 3;
+    private static final int START_ELEMENT_STATE_WITH_NULL = 4;
+
+    private DelegatingNamespaceContext namespaceContext = new DelegatingNamespaceContext();
+    // the index of the array
+    private int arrayIndex;
+
+    private QName name;
+    private String[] values;
+
+    // start element is the default state
+    private int state = START_ELEMENT_STATE;
+
+    public NameValueArrayStreamReader(QName name, String[] values) {
+        this.name = name;
+        this.values = values;
+    }
+
+    public void setParentNamespaceContext(NamespaceContext nsContext) {
+        this.namespaceContext.setParentNsContext(nsContext);
+    }
+
+    public void init() {
+        // TODO what if the QName namespace has not been declared
+    }
+
+    public Object getProperty(String string) throws IllegalArgumentException {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @throws XMLStreamException
+     */
+    public int next() throws XMLStreamException {
+        switch (state) {
+            case START_ELEMENT_STATE:
+                if (values.length > 0) {
+                    state = TEXT_STATE;
+                    return CHARACTERS;
+                } else {
+                    state = FINAL_END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+                    return END_ELEMENT;
+                }
+
+            case START_ELEMENT_STATE_WITH_NULL:
+                if (arrayIndex == (values.length - 1)) {
+                    state = FINAL_END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+                } else {
+                    state = END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+                }
+                return END_ELEMENT;
+            case FINAL_END_ELEMENT_STATE:
+                // oops, not supposed to happen!
+                throw new XMLStreamException("end already reached!");
+            case END_ELEMENT_STATE:
+                // we've to have more values since this is not the
+                // last value
+                // increment the counter
+                arrayIndex++;
+                if (values[arrayIndex] == null) {
+                    state = START_ELEMENT_STATE_WITH_NULL;
+                } else {
+                    state = START_ELEMENT_STATE;
+                }
+                return START_ELEMENT;
+            case TEXT_STATE:
+                if (arrayIndex == (values.length - 1)) {
+                    state = FINAL_END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+                    return END_ELEMENT;
+                } else {
+                    state = END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+                    return END_ELEMENT;
+                }
+
+            default:
+                throw new XMLStreamException("unknown event type!");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void require(int i, String string, String string1) throws XMLStreamException {
+        // nothing done here
+    }
+
+    public String getElementText() throws XMLStreamException {
+        return null; // not implemented
+    }
+
+    public int nextTag() throws XMLStreamException {
+        return 0; // not implemented
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeValue(String string, String string1) {
+        if (state == TEXT_STATE) {
+            // TODO something
+            return null;
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public int getAttributeCount() {
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE_WITH_NULL) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            return 0;
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public QName getAttributeName(int i) {
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE_WITH_NULL && i == 0) {
+            return NIL_QNAME;
+        }
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            return null;
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeNamespace(int i) {
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE_WITH_NULL && i == 0) {
+            return NIL_QNAME.getNamespaceURI();
+        }
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            return null;
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeLocalName(int i) {
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE_WITH_NULL && i == 0) {
+            return NIL_QNAME.getLocalPart();
+        }
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            return null;
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributePrefix(int i) {
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE_WITH_NULL && i == 0) {
+            return NIL_QNAME.getPrefix();
+        }
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            return null;
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeType(int i) {
+        return null; // not implemented
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeValue(int i) {
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE_WITH_NULL && i == 0) {
+            return NIL_VALUE_TRUE;
+        }
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            return null;
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean isAttributeSpecified(int i) {
+        return false; // not supported
+    }
+
+    public int getNamespaceCount() {
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE_WITH_NULL && isXsiNamespacePresent()) {
+            return 1;
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespacePrefix(int i) {
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE_WITH_NULL && isXsiNamespacePresent() && i == 0) {
+            return NIL_QNAME.getPrefix();
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespaceURI(int i) {
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE_WITH_NULL && isXsiNamespacePresent() && i == 0) {
+            return NIL_QNAME.getNamespaceURI();
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public NamespaceContext getNamespaceContext() {
+        return this.namespaceContext;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isDone() {
+        return state == FINAL_END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+    }
+
+    public int getEventType() {
+        switch (state) {
+            case START_ELEMENT_STATE:
+                return START_ELEMENT;
+            case END_ELEMENT_STATE:
+                return END_ELEMENT;
+            case TEXT_STATE:
+                return CHARACTERS;
+            case FINAL_END_ELEMENT_STATE:
+                return END_ELEMENT;
+            default:
+                throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+                // we've no idea what this is!!!!!
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public String getText() {
+        if (state == TEXT_STATE) {
+            return values[arrayIndex];
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public char[] getTextCharacters() {
+        if (state == TEXT_STATE) {
+            return values[arrayIndex].toCharArray();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int getTextCharacters(int i, char[] chars, int i1, int i2) throws XMLStreamException {
+        // not implemented
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+
+    public int getTextStart() {
+        if (state == TEXT_STATE) {
+            return 0;
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int getTextLength() {
+        if (state == TEXT_STATE) {
+            return values[arrayIndex].length();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public String getEncoding() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasText() {
+        return state == TEXT_STATE;
+    }
+
+    public Location getLocation() {
+        return null; // not supported
+    }
+
+    public QName getName() {
+        if (state != TEXT_STATE) {
+            return name;
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getLocalName() {
+        if (state != TEXT_STATE) {
+            return name.getLocalPart();
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasName() {
+        return state != TEXT_STATE;
+
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespaceURI() {
+        if (state != TEXT_STATE) {
+            return name.getNamespaceURI();
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public String getPrefix() {
+        if (state != TEXT_STATE) {
+            return name.getPrefix();
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getVersion() {
+        return null; // TODO 1.0 ?
+    }
+
+    public boolean isStandalone() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public boolean standaloneSet() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public String getCharacterEncodingScheme() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public String getPITarget() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public String getPIData() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasNext() throws XMLStreamException {
+        return state != FINAL_END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+    }
+
+    public void close() throws XMLStreamException {
+        // Do nothing - we've nothing to free here
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespaceURI(String prefix) {
+        return namespaceContext.getNamespaceURI(prefix);
+    }
+
+    public boolean isStartElement() {
+        return state == START_ELEMENT_STATE;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isEndElement() {
+        return state == END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isCharacters() {
+        return state == TEXT_STATE;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isWhiteSpace() {
+        return false; // no whitespaces here
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test whether the xsi namespace is present
+     */
+    private boolean isXsiNamespacePresent() {
+        return namespaceContext.getNamespaceURI(NIL_QNAME.getPrefix()) != null;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/NameValuePairStreamReader.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/NameValuePairStreamReader.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fdc3c4139b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/NameValuePairStreamReader.java
@@ -0,0 +1,347 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContext;
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+import javax.xml.stream.Location;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
+
+
+public class NameValuePairStreamReader implements XMLFragmentStreamReader {
+
+    private static final int START_ELEMENT_STATE = 0;
+    private static final int TEXT_STATE = 1;
+    private static final int END_ELEMENT_STATE = 2;
+
+    private DelegatingNamespaceContext namespaceContext = new DelegatingNamespaceContext();
+
+    private QName name;
+    private String value;
+
+    private int state = START_ELEMENT_STATE;
+    // initiate at the start element state
+
+    // keeps track whether the namespace is declared
+    // false by default
+    private boolean nsDeclared;
+
+    public NameValuePairStreamReader(QName name, String value) {
+        this.name = name;
+        this.value = value;
+    }
+
+    public Object getProperty(String key) throws IllegalArgumentException {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public int next() throws XMLStreamException {
+        // no need to handle null here. it should have been handled
+        // already
+        switch (state) {
+            case START_ELEMENT_STATE:
+                state = TEXT_STATE;
+                return CHARACTERS;
+            case END_ELEMENT_STATE:
+                // oops, not supposed to happen!
+                throw new XMLStreamException("end already reached!");
+            case TEXT_STATE:
+                state = END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+                return END_ELEMENT;
+            default:
+                throw new XMLStreamException("unknown event type!");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void require(int i, String string, String string1) throws XMLStreamException {
+        // not implemented
+    }
+
+    public String getElementText() throws XMLStreamException {
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT) {
+            // move to the end state and return the value
+            state = END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+            return value;
+        } else {
+            throw new XMLStreamException();
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public int nextTag() throws XMLStreamException {
+        return 0; // TODO
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasNext() throws XMLStreamException {
+        return state != END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+    }
+
+    public void close() throws XMLStreamException {
+        // Do nothing - we've nothing to free here
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespaceURI(String prefix) {
+        return namespaceContext.getNamespaceURI(prefix);
+    }
+
+    public boolean isStartElement() {
+        return state == START_ELEMENT_STATE;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isEndElement() {
+        return state == END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isCharacters() {
+        return state == TEXT_STATE;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isWhiteSpace() {
+        return false; // no whitespaces here
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeValue(String string, String string1) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public int getAttributeCount() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    public QName getAttributeName(int i) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeNamespace(int i) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeLocalName(int i) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributePrefix(int i) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeType(int i) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeValue(int i) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isAttributeSpecified(int i) {
+        return false; // no attributes here
+    }
+
+    public int getNamespaceCount() {
+        return nsDeclared ? 1 : 0;
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespacePrefix(int i) {
+        return (nsDeclared && i == 0) ? name.getPrefix() : null;
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespaceURI(int i) {
+        return (nsDeclared && i == 0) ? name.getNamespaceURI() : null;
+    }
+
+    public NamespaceContext getNamespaceContext() {
+        return this.namespaceContext;
+    }
+
+    public int getEventType() {
+        switch (state) {
+            case START_ELEMENT_STATE:
+                return START_ELEMENT;
+            case END_ELEMENT_STATE:
+                return END_ELEMENT;
+            case TEXT_STATE:
+                return CHARACTERS;
+            default:
+                throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+                // we've no idea what this is!!!!!
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public String getText() {
+        if (state == TEXT_STATE) {
+            return value;
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public char[] getTextCharacters() {
+        if (state == TEXT_STATE) {
+            return value.toCharArray();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int getTextCharacters(int i, char[] chars, int i1, int i2) throws XMLStreamException {
+        // not implemented
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+
+    public int getTextStart() {
+        if (state == TEXT_STATE) {
+            return 0;
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int getTextLength() {
+        if (state == TEXT_STATE) {
+            return value.length();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public String getEncoding() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasText() {
+        return state == TEXT_STATE;
+    }
+
+    public Location getLocation() {
+        return new Location() {
+            public int getLineNumber() {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            public int getColumnNumber() {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            public int getCharacterOffset() {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            public String getPublicId() {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            public String getSystemId() {
+                return null;
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    public QName getName() {
+        if (state != TEXT_STATE) {
+            return name;
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getLocalName() {
+        if (state != TEXT_STATE) {
+            return name.getLocalPart();
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasName() {
+        return state != TEXT_STATE;
+
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespaceURI() {
+        if (state != TEXT_STATE) {
+            return name.getNamespaceURI();
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public String getPrefix() {
+        if (state != TEXT_STATE) {
+            return name.getPrefix();
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getVersion() {
+        return null; // TODO 1.0 ?
+    }
+
+    public boolean isStandalone() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public boolean standaloneSet() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public String getCharacterEncodingScheme() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public String getPITarget() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public String getPIData() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isDone() {
+        return state == END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+    }
+
+    public void setParentNamespaceContext(NamespaceContext nsContext) {
+        this.namespaceContext.setParentNsContext(nsContext);
+    }
+
+    public void init() {
+        // just add the current elements namespace and prefix to the this
+        // elements nscontext
+        addToNsMap(name.getPrefix(), name.getNamespaceURI());
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param prefix
+     * @param uri
+     */
+    private void addToNsMap(String prefix, String uri) {
+        // TODO - need to fix this up to cater for cases where
+        // namespaces are having no prefixes
+        if (!uri.equals(namespaceContext.getNamespaceURI(prefix))) {
+            // this namespace is not there. Need to declare it
+            namespaceContext.pushNamespace(prefix, uri);
+            nsDeclared = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/NamedProperty.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/NamedProperty.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..04d7d65a0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/NamedProperty.java
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+/**
+ * A named property
+ * 
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class NamedProperty implements Map.Entry<QName, Object> {
+    private QName key;
+
+    private Object value;
+
+    public NamedProperty(QName key, Object value) {
+        this.key = key;
+        this.value = value;
+    }
+
+    public NamedProperty(String key, Object value) {
+        this.key = new QName(key);
+        this.value = value;
+    }
+    
+    public QName getKey() {
+        return key;
+    }
+
+    public Object getValue() {
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    public Object setValue(Object value) {
+        Object v = this.value;
+        this.value = value;
+        return v;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/NilElementStreamReader.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/NilElementStreamReader.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..abc4bf3785
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/NilElementStreamReader.java
@@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContext;
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+import javax.xml.stream.Location;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
+
+public class NilElementStreamReader implements XMLFragmentStreamReader {
+
+    private static final int END_ELEMENT_STATE = 2;
+
+    private static final int START_ELEMENT_STATE = 1;
+    private int currentState = START_ELEMENT;
+
+    private QName elementQName;
+
+    public NilElementStreamReader(QName elementQName) {
+        this.elementQName = elementQName;
+    }
+
+    public void setParentNamespaceContext(NamespaceContext nsContext) {
+        // NOOP
+    }
+
+    public void close() throws XMLStreamException {
+        // do nothing
+    }
+
+    public int getAttributeCount() {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeLocalName(int i) {
+        return (i == 0) ? NIL_QNAME.getLocalPart() : null;
+    }
+
+    public QName getAttributeName(int i) {
+        return (i == 0) ? NIL_QNAME : null;
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeNamespace(int i) {
+        return (i == 0) ? NIL_QNAME.getNamespaceURI() : null;
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributePrefix(int i) {
+        return (i == 0) ? NIL_QNAME.getPrefix() : null;
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeType(int i) {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeValue(int i) {
+        return (i == 0) ? NIL_VALUE_TRUE : null;
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeValue(String string, String string1) {
+        if (string == null && NIL_QNAME.getLocalPart().equals(string1)) {
+            return NIL_VALUE_TRUE;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public String getCharacterEncodingScheme() {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+
+    public String getElementText() throws XMLStreamException {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public String getEncoding() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public int getEventType() {
+        int returnEvent = START_DOCUMENT;
+        switch (currentState) {
+            case START_ELEMENT_STATE:
+                returnEvent = START_ELEMENT;
+                break;
+            case END_ELEMENT_STATE:
+                returnEvent = END_ELEMENT;
+                break;
+        }
+        return returnEvent;
+    }
+
+    public String getLocalName() {
+        return elementQName.getLocalPart();
+    }
+
+    public Location getLocation() {
+        return new Location() {
+            public int getCharacterOffset() {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            public int getColumnNumber() {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            public int getLineNumber() {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            public String getPublicId() {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            public String getSystemId() {
+                return null;
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    public QName getName() {
+        return elementQName;
+    }
+
+    public NamespaceContext getNamespaceContext() {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+
+    public int getNamespaceCount() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespacePrefix(int i) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespaceURI() {
+        return elementQName.getNamespaceURI();
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespaceURI(int i) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespaceURI(String string) {
+        if (elementQName.getPrefix() != null && elementQName.getPrefix().equals(string)) {
+            return elementQName.getNamespaceURI();
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getPIData() {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+
+    public String getPITarget() {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+
+    public String getPrefix() {
+        return elementQName.getPrefix();
+    }
+
+    public Object getProperty(String key) throws IllegalArgumentException {
+        // since optimization is a global property
+        // we've to implement it everywhere
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public String getText() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public char[] getTextCharacters() {
+        return new char[0]; 
+    }
+
+    public int getTextCharacters(int i, char[] chars, int i1, int i2) throws XMLStreamException {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    public int getTextLength() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    public int getTextStart() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    public String getVersion() {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasName() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasNext() throws XMLStreamException {
+        return currentState != END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasText() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public void init() {
+        // NOOP
+    }
+
+    public boolean isAttributeSpecified(int i) {
+        return i == 0;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isCharacters() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isDone() {
+        return currentState == END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isEndElement() {
+        return currentState == END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isStandalone() {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+
+    public boolean isStartElement() {
+        return currentState == START_ELEMENT_STATE;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isWhiteSpace() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public int next() throws XMLStreamException {
+        int returnEvent = START_DOCUMENT;
+        switch (currentState) {
+            case START_ELEMENT_STATE:
+                currentState = END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+                returnEvent = END_ELEMENT;
+                break;
+            case END_ELEMENT_STATE:
+                throw new XMLStreamException("parser completed!");
+
+        }
+        return returnEvent;
+    }
+
+    public int nextTag() throws XMLStreamException {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+
+    public void require(int i, String string, String string1) throws XMLStreamException {
+        // nothing
+    }
+
+    public boolean standaloneSet() {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2OutputStream.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2OutputStream.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5500d0bcca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2OutputStream.java
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+
+import javax.xml.transform.Result;
+import javax.xml.transform.Source;
+import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
+import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PushTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+
+/**
+ * Push DOM Node to OutputStream
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class Node2OutputStream extends BaseTransformer<Node, OutputStream> implements
+    PushTransformer<Node, OutputStream> {
+    private static final Source2ResultTransformer TRANSFORMER = new Source2ResultTransformer();
+
+    public void transform(Node source, OutputStream writer, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            Source domSource = new DOMSource(source);
+            Result result = new StreamResult(writer);
+            TRANSFORMER.transform(domSource, result, context);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Node> getSourceType() {
+        return Node.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<OutputStream> getTargetType() {
+        return OutputStream.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 40;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2SimpleJavaType.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2SimpleJavaType.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d5bf7e76b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2SimpleJavaType.java
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.SimpleType2JavaTransformer;
+import org.w3c.dom.Document;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+
+/**
+ * Transformer to convert data from a simple java Object to OMElement.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class Node2SimpleJavaType extends SimpleType2JavaTransformer<Node> {
+
+    @Override
+    protected String getText(Node source) {
+        if (source instanceof Document) {
+            source = ((Document)source).getDocumentElement();
+        }
+        return source.getTextContent();
+
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Class getSourceType() {
+        return Node.class;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2SourceTransformer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2SourceTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3c9022bc3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2SourceTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.transform.Source;
+import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+
+/**
+ * Transform TrAX Node to Source
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class Node2SourceTransformer extends BaseTransformer<Node, Source> implements
+    PullTransformer<Node, Source> {
+
+    public Source transform(Node source, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            return new DOMSource(source);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Node> getSourceType() {
+        return Node.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Source> getTargetType() {
+        return Source.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 40;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2String.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2String.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1b54b1fd1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2String.java
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+
+/**
+ * Transform DOM Node to XML String
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class Node2String extends BaseTransformer<Node, String> implements PullTransformer<Node, String> {
+    private static final Node2Writer TRANSFORMER = new Node2Writer();
+
+    public String transform(Node source, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
+            TRANSFORMER.transform(source, writer, context);
+            return writer.toString();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Class<Node> getSourceType() {
+        return Node.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Class<String> getTargetType() {
+        return String.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 40;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2Writer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2Writer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c9631595dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2Writer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.io.Writer;
+
+import javax.xml.transform.Result;
+import javax.xml.transform.Source;
+import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
+import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PushTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+
+/**
+ * Push DOM Node to Writer
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class Node2Writer extends BaseTransformer<Node, Writer> implements PushTransformer<Node, Writer> {
+    private static final Source2ResultTransformer TRANSFORMER = new Source2ResultTransformer();
+
+    public void transform(Node source, Writer writer, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            Source domSource = new DOMSource(source);
+            Result result = new StreamResult(writer);
+            TRANSFORMER.transform(domSource, result, context);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Node> getSourceType() {
+        return Node.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Writer> getTargetType() {
+        return Writer.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 40;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2XMLStreamReader.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2XMLStreamReader.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1e8d14a151
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2XMLStreamReader.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+
+/**
+ * Transform DOM Node to XML XMLStreamReader
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class Node2XMLStreamReader extends BaseTransformer<Node, XMLStreamReader> implements
+    PullTransformer<Node, XMLStreamReader> {
+
+    public XMLStreamReader transform(Node source, TransformationContext context) {
+        if (source == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        try {
+            DOMXMLStreamReader reader = new DOMXMLStreamReader(source);
+            return reader;
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Node> getSourceType() {
+        return Node.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<XMLStreamReader> getTargetType() {
+        return XMLStreamReader.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 40;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Reader2Node.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Reader2Node.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..70387fa862
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Reader2Node.java
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.io.Reader;
+
+import javax.xml.transform.Source;
+import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMResult;
+import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+
+/**
+ * Push DOM Reader to Node
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class Reader2Node extends BaseTransformer<Reader, Node> implements PullTransformer<Reader, Node> {
+    private static final Source2ResultTransformer TRANSFORMER = new Source2ResultTransformer();
+
+    public Node transform(Reader source, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            Source streamSource = new StreamSource(source);
+            DOMResult result = new DOMResult();
+            TRANSFORMER.transform(streamSource, result, context);
+            return result.getNode();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Reader> getSourceType() {
+        return Reader.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Node> getTargetType() {
+        return Node.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 40;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Reader2SAX.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Reader2SAX.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..188ecaffa3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Reader2SAX.java
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.io.Reader;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PushTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler;
+import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
+
+/**
+ * Transform XML string to SAX
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class Reader2SAX extends BaseTransformer<Reader, ContentHandler> implements
+    PushTransformer<Reader, ContentHandler> {
+    public void transform(Reader source, ContentHandler target, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            new InputSource2SAX().transform(new InputSource(source), target, context);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Reader> getSourceType() {
+        return Reader.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<ContentHandler> getTargetType() {
+        return ContentHandler.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 40;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/SAX2DOM.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/SAX2DOM.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..38c61d64c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/SAX2DOM.java
@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2001-2004 The Apache Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Stack;
+
+import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.DOMHelper;
+import org.w3c.dom.Comment;
+import org.w3c.dom.Document;
+import org.w3c.dom.Element;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+import org.w3c.dom.ProcessingInstruction;
+import org.w3c.dom.Text;
+import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
+import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler;
+import org.xml.sax.Locator;
+import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
+import org.xml.sax.ext.LexicalHandler;
+
+/**
+ * SAX2DOM adapter
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class SAX2DOM implements ContentHandler, LexicalHandler {
+    public static final String EMPTYSTRING = "";
+    public static final String XML_PREFIX = "xml";
+    public static final String XMLNS_PREFIX = "xmlns";
+    public static final String XMLNS_STRING = "xmlns:";
+    public static final String XMLNS_URI = "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/";
+
+    private Node root;
+
+    private Document document;
+
+    private Node nextSibling;
+
+    private Stack<Node> nodeStk = new Stack<Node>();
+
+    private List<String> namespaceDecls;
+
+    private Node lastSibling;
+
+    public SAX2DOM() throws ParserConfigurationException {
+        this.document = DOMHelper.newDocument();
+        this.root = document;
+    }
+
+    public SAX2DOM(Node root, Node nextSibling) throws ParserConfigurationException {
+        this.root = root;
+        if (root instanceof Document) {
+            this.document = (Document)root;
+        } else if (root != null) {
+            this.document = root.getOwnerDocument();
+        } else {
+            this.document = DOMHelper.newDocument();
+            this.root = document;
+        }
+
+        this.nextSibling = nextSibling;
+    }
+
+    public SAX2DOM(Node root) throws ParserConfigurationException {
+        this(root, null);
+    }
+
+    public Node getDOM() {
+        return root;
+    }
+
+    public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) {
+        final Node last = nodeStk.peek();
+
+        // No text nodes can be children of root (DOM006 exception)
+        if (last != document) {
+            final String text = new String(ch, start, length);
+            if (lastSibling != null && lastSibling.getNodeType() == Node.TEXT_NODE) {
+                ((Text)lastSibling).appendData(text);
+            } else if (last == root && nextSibling != null) {
+                lastSibling = last.insertBefore(document.createTextNode(text), nextSibling);
+            } else {
+                lastSibling = last.appendChild(document.createTextNode(text));
+            }
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void startDocument() {
+        nodeStk.push(root);
+    }
+
+    public void endDocument() {
+        nodeStk.pop();
+    }
+
+    public void startElement(String namespace, String localName, String qName, Attributes attrs) {
+        final Element tmp = document.createElementNS(namespace, qName);
+
+        // Add namespace declarations first
+        if (namespaceDecls != null) {
+            final int nDecls = namespaceDecls.size();
+            for (int i = 0; i < nDecls; i++) {
+                final String prefix = namespaceDecls.get(i++);
+
+                if (prefix == null || prefix.equals(EMPTYSTRING)) {
+                    tmp.setAttributeNS(XMLNS_URI, XMLNS_PREFIX, namespaceDecls.get(i));
+                } else {
+                    tmp.setAttributeNS(XMLNS_URI, XMLNS_STRING + prefix, namespaceDecls.get(i));
+                }
+            }
+            namespaceDecls.clear();
+        }
+
+        // Add attributes to element
+        final int nattrs = attrs.getLength();
+        for (int i = 0; i < nattrs; i++) {
+            if (attrs.getLocalName(i) == null) {
+                tmp.setAttribute(attrs.getQName(i), attrs.getValue(i));
+            } else {
+                tmp.setAttributeNS(attrs.getURI(i), attrs.getQName(i), attrs.getValue(i));
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Append this new node onto current stack node
+        Node last = nodeStk.peek();
+
+        // If the SAX2DOM is created with a non-null next sibling node,
+        // insert the result nodes before the next sibling under the root.
+        if (last == root && nextSibling != null) {
+            last.insertBefore(tmp, nextSibling);
+        } else {
+            last.appendChild(tmp);
+        }
+
+        // Push this node onto stack
+        nodeStk.push(tmp);
+        lastSibling = null;
+    }
+
+    public void endElement(String namespace, String localName, String qName) {
+        nodeStk.pop();
+        lastSibling = null;
+    }
+
+    public void startPrefixMapping(String prefix, String uri) {
+        if (namespaceDecls == null) {
+            namespaceDecls = new ArrayList<String>(2);
+        }
+        namespaceDecls.add(prefix);
+        namespaceDecls.add(uri);
+    }
+
+    public void endPrefixMapping(String prefix) {
+        // do nothing
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This class is only used internally so this method should never be called.
+     */
+    public void ignorableWhitespace(char[] ch, int start, int length) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * adds processing instruction node to DOM.
+     */
+    public void processingInstruction(String target, String data) {
+        final Node last = nodeStk.peek();
+        ProcessingInstruction pi = document.createProcessingInstruction(target, data);
+        if (pi != null) {
+            if (last == root && nextSibling != null) {
+                last.insertBefore(pi, nextSibling);
+            } else {
+                last.appendChild(pi);
+            }
+
+            lastSibling = pi;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This class is only used internally so this method should never be called.
+     */
+    public void setDocumentLocator(Locator locator) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This class is only used internally so this method should never be called.
+     */
+    public void skippedEntity(String name) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Lexical Handler method to create comment node in DOM tree.
+     */
+    public void comment(char[] ch, int start, int length) {
+        final Node last = nodeStk.peek();
+        Comment comment = document.createComment(new String(ch, start, length));
+        if (comment != null) {
+            if (last == root && nextSibling != null) {
+                last.insertBefore(comment, nextSibling);
+            } else {
+                last.appendChild(comment);
+            }
+
+            lastSibling = comment;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Lexical Handler methods- not implemented
+    public void startCDATA() {
+    }
+
+    public void endCDATA() {
+    }
+
+    public void startEntity(java.lang.String name) {
+    }
+
+    public void endDTD() {
+    }
+
+    public void endEntity(String name) {
+    }
+
+    public void startDTD(String name, String publicId, String systemId) throws SAXException {
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/SAX2DOMPipe.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/SAX2DOMPipe.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cb9d538389
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/SAX2DOMPipe.java
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataPipe;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataPipeTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler;
+
+public class SAX2DOMPipe extends BaseTransformer<ContentHandler, Node> implements DataPipeTransformer<ContentHandler, Node> {
+
+    /**
+     * 
+     */
+    public SAX2DOMPipe() {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataPipeTransformer#newInstance()
+     */
+    public DataPipe<ContentHandler, Node> newInstance() {
+        return new Pipe();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Node> getTargetType() {
+        return Node.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<ContentHandler> getSourceType() {
+        return ContentHandler.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 30;
+    }
+
+    private static class Pipe implements DataPipe<ContentHandler, Node> {
+        private SAX2DOM pipe;
+
+        public Pipe() {
+            super();
+            try {
+                this.pipe = new SAX2DOM();
+            } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException(e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public Node getResult() {
+            return pipe.getDOM();
+        }
+
+        public ContentHandler getSink() {
+            return pipe;
+        }
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/SimpleJavaType2Node.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/SimpleJavaType2Node.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d2625fba11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/SimpleJavaType2Node.java
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.DOMHelper;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.Java2SimpleTypeTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans.Java2XMLMapperException;
+import org.w3c.dom.Attr;
+import org.w3c.dom.Document;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+
+/**
+ * Transformer to convert data from an simple OMElement to Java Object
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class SimpleJavaType2Node extends Java2SimpleTypeTransformer<Node> {
+
+    private Document factory;
+
+    public SimpleJavaType2Node() {
+        super();
+        try {
+            factory = DOMHelper.newDocument();
+        } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
+            throw new Java2XMLMapperException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Node createElement(QName element, String text, TransformationContext context) {
+        if (element == null) {
+            element = DOMDataBinding.ROOT_ELEMENT;
+        }
+        Node root = DOMHelper.createElement(factory, element);
+        if (text != null) {
+            root.appendChild(factory.createTextNode(text));
+        } else {
+            Attr nil = factory.createAttributeNS("http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance", "xsi:nil");
+            nil.setValue("true");
+            root.appendChild(nil);
+        }
+        return root;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Class getTargetType() {
+        return Node.class;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/SimpleXmlNodeImpl.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/SimpleXmlNodeImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e041f85214
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/SimpleXmlNodeImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+/**
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class SimpleXmlNodeImpl implements XmlNode {
+    private static final String XSI_PREFIX = "xsi";
+    private static final String XSI_NS = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance";
+    private static final QName XSI_NIL = new QName(XSI_NS, "nil", XSI_PREFIX);
+    private static final Map<String, String> NS_MAP = new HashMap<String, String>();
+    static {
+        NS_MAP.put(XSI_PREFIX, XSI_NS);
+    }
+
+    protected Type type;
+    protected QName name;
+    protected Object value;
+
+    public SimpleXmlNodeImpl(QName name, Object value) {
+        this(name, value, name != null ? Type.ELEMENT : Type.CHARACTERS);
+    }
+
+    public SimpleXmlNodeImpl(QName name, Object value, Type type) {
+        super();
+        this.type = type;
+        this.name = name;
+        this.value = value;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XmlNode#attributes()
+     */
+    public List<XmlNode> attributes() {
+        if (type == Type.ELEMENT && value == null) {
+            // Nil element
+            XmlNode attr = new SimpleXmlNodeImpl(XSI_NIL, "true");
+            return Arrays.asList(attr);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XmlNode#children()
+     */
+    public Iterator<XmlNode> children() {
+        if (type == Type.ELEMENT && value != null) {
+            // Nil element
+            XmlNode node = new SimpleXmlNodeImpl(null, value);
+            return Arrays.asList(node).iterator();
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XmlNode#getName()
+     */
+    public QName getName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XmlNode#getValue()
+     */
+    public String getValue() {
+        return value == null ? null : String.valueOf(value);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XmlNode#namespaces()
+     */
+    public Map<String, String> namespaces() {
+        if (type == Type.ELEMENT && value == null) {
+            return NS_MAP;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public Type getType() {
+        return type;
+    }
+
+    public void setType(Type type) {
+        this.type = type;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Source2NodeTransformer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Source2NodeTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ee9aa1bb76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Source2NodeTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.transform.Source;
+import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
+import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMResult;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.DOMHelper;
+import org.w3c.dom.Document;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+
+/**
+ * Transform TrAX Source to Node
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class Source2NodeTransformer extends BaseTransformer<Source, Node> implements
+    PullTransformer<Source, Node> {
+    private static final TransformerFactory FACTORY = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
+
+    public Node transform(Source source, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            javax.xml.transform.Transformer transformer = FACTORY.newTransformer();
+            DOMResult result = new DOMResult();
+            transformer.transform(source, result);
+            Document doc = (Document) result.getNode();
+            return DOMHelper.adjustElementName(context, doc.getDocumentElement());
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Source> getSourceType() {
+        return Source.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Node> getTargetType() {
+        return Node.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 40;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Source2ResultTransformer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Source2ResultTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8a2b6b39aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Source2ResultTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.transform.Result;
+import javax.xml.transform.Source;
+import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PushTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+
+/**
+ * Transform TrAX Source to Result
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class Source2ResultTransformer extends BaseTransformer<Source, Result> implements
+    PushTransformer<Source, Result> {
+    private static final TransformerFactory FACTORY = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
+
+    public void transform(Source source, Result result, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            javax.xml.transform.Transformer transformer = FACTORY.newTransformer();
+            transformer.transform(source, result);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Source> getSourceType() {
+        return Source.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Result> getTargetType() {
+        return Result.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 40;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Source2StringTransformer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Source2StringTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2ed548ad76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Source2StringTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+
+import javax.xml.transform.Source;
+import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
+import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+
+/**
+ * Transform TrAX Source to String
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class Source2StringTransformer extends BaseTransformer<Source, String> implements
+    PullTransformer<Source, String> {
+    private static final TransformerFactory FACTORY = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
+
+    public String transform(Source source, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            javax.xml.transform.Transformer transformer = FACTORY.newTransformer();
+            StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
+            StreamResult result = new StreamResult(sw);
+            transformer.transform(source, result);
+            return sw.toString();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Source> getSourceType() {
+        return Source.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<String> getTargetType() {
+        return String.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 40;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/StAX2SAXAdapter.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/StAX2SAXAdapter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6257681091
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/StAX2SAXAdapter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+import javax.xml.stream.Location;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamConstants;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
+import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler;
+import org.xml.sax.Locator;
+import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
+import org.xml.sax.helpers.AttributesImpl;
+
+/**
+ * Adapter that converts from StAX to SAX event streams. Currently the following
+ * SAX events are not generated:
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>ignorableWhitespace</li>
+ * <li>skippedEntity</li>
+ * <ul>
+ * Also the following StAX events are not mapped:
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>CDATA</li>
+ * <li>COMMENT</li>
+ * <li>DTD</li>
+ * <li>ENTITY_DECLARATION</li>
+ * <li>ENTITY_REFERENCE</li>
+ * <li>NOTATION_DECLARATION</li>
+ * <li>SPACE</li>
+ * </ul>
+ * StAX ATTRIBUTE events are ignored but the equivalent attributes (derived from
+ * the START_ELEMENT event) are supplied in the SAX startElement event's
+ * Attributes parameter. If the adaptor is configured to pass namespace prefixes
+ * then namespace information will also be included in the Attributes; StAX
+ * NAMESPACE events are ignored. <p/> Another issue is namespace processing. If
+ * the reader is positioned at a sub-node, we cannot capture all the in-scope
+ * namespace bindings. Therefore we cannot re-create a proper SAX event stream
+ * from a StAX parser. <p/> For example <p/> &lt;a:root xmlns:a="foo"
+ * xmlns:b="bar"&gt;&lt;b:sub&gt;a:foo&lt;/b:sub&gt;&lt;/a:root&gt; <p/> And if
+ * you are handed a parser at &lt;b:sub&gt;, then your SAX events should look
+ * like: <p/> &lt;b:sub xmlns:a="foo" xmlns:b="bar"&gt;a:foo&lt;/b:sub&gt; <p/>
+ * not: <p/> &lt;b:sub&gt;a:foo&lt;/b:sub&gt; <p/> <p/> Proposal: we change the
+ * receiver of SAX events (SDOXMLResourceImpl) so that it uses NamespaceContext
+ * to resolve prefix (as opposed to record start/endPrefixMappings and use it
+ * for resolution.)
+ * 
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class StAX2SAXAdapter {
+    private final boolean namespacePrefixes;
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a new StAX to SAX adapter that will convert a StAX event stream
+     * into a SAX event stream.
+     * 
+     * @param namespacePrefixes whether xmlns attributes should be included in
+     *            startElement events;
+     */
+    public StAX2SAXAdapter(boolean namespacePrefixes) {
+        this.namespacePrefixes = namespacePrefixes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Pull events from the StAX stream and dispatch to the SAX ContentHandler.
+     * The StAX stream would typically be located on a START_DOCUMENT or
+     * START_ELEMENT event and when this method returns it will be located on
+     * the associated END_DOCUMENT or END_ELEMENT event. Behaviour with other
+     * start events is undefined.
+     * 
+     * @param reader StAX event source to read
+     * @param handler SAX ContentHandler for processing events
+     * @throws XMLStreamException if there was a problem reading the stream
+     * @throws SAXException passed through from the ContentHandler
+     */
+    public void parse(XMLStreamReader reader, ContentHandler handler) throws XMLStreamException, SAXException {
+        handler.setDocumentLocator(new LocatorAdaptor(reader.getLocation()));
+
+        // remembers the nest level of elements to know when we are done
+        int level = 0;
+        int event = reader.getEventType();
+        while (true) {
+            switch (event) {
+                case XMLStreamConstants.START_DOCUMENT:
+                    level++;
+                    handler.startDocument();
+                    break;
+                case XMLStreamConstants.START_ELEMENT:
+                    level++;
+                    handleStartElement(reader, handler);
+                    break;
+                case XMLStreamConstants.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION:
+                    handler.processingInstruction(reader.getPITarget(), reader.getPIData());
+                    break;
+                case XMLStreamConstants.CHARACTERS:
+                    handler.characters(reader.getTextCharacters(), reader.getTextStart(), reader
+                        .getTextLength());
+                    break;
+                case XMLStreamConstants.END_ELEMENT:
+                    handleEndElement(reader, handler);
+                    level--;
+                    if (level == 0) {
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case XMLStreamConstants.END_DOCUMENT:
+                    handler.endDocument();
+                    return;
+                    /*
+                     * uncomment to handle all events rather than just mapped
+                     * ones // StAX events that are not mapped to SAX case
+                     * XMLStreamConstants.COMMENT: case
+                     * XMLStreamConstants.SPACE: case
+                     * XMLStreamConstants.ENTITY_REFERENCE: case
+                     * XMLStreamConstants.DTD: case XMLStreamConstants.CDATA:
+                     * case XMLStreamConstants.NOTATION_DECLARATION: case
+                     * XMLStreamConstants.ENTITY_DECLARATION: break; // StAX
+                     * events handled in START_ELEMENT case
+                     * XMLStreamConstants.ATTRIBUTE: case
+                     * XMLStreamConstants.NAMESPACE: break; default: throw new
+                     * AssertionError("Unknown StAX event: " + event);
+                     */
+            }
+            event = reader.next();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void handleStartElement(XMLStreamReader reader, ContentHandler handler) throws SAXException {
+        // send startPrefixMapping events immediately before startElement event
+        int nsCount = reader.getNamespaceCount();
+        for (int i = 0; i < nsCount; i++) {
+            String prefix = reader.getNamespacePrefix(i);
+            if (prefix == null) { // true for default namespace
+                prefix = "";
+            }
+            handler.startPrefixMapping(prefix, reader.getNamespaceURI(i));
+        }
+
+        // fire startElement
+        QName qname = reader.getName();
+        String prefix = qname.getPrefix();
+        String rawname;
+        if (prefix == null || prefix.length() == 0) {
+            rawname = qname.getLocalPart();
+        } else {
+            rawname = prefix + ':' + qname.getLocalPart();
+        }
+        Attributes attrs = getAttributes(reader);
+        handler.startElement(qname.getNamespaceURI(), qname.getLocalPart(), rawname, attrs);
+    }
+
+    private static void handleEndElement(XMLStreamReader reader, ContentHandler handler) throws SAXException {
+        // fire endElement
+        QName qname = reader.getName();
+        handler.endElement(qname.getNamespaceURI(), qname.getLocalPart(), qname.toString());
+
+        // send endPrefixMapping events immediately after endElement event
+        // we send them in the opposite order to that returned but this is not
+        // actually required by SAX
+        int nsCount = reader.getNamespaceCount();
+        for (int i = nsCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+            String prefix = reader.getNamespacePrefix(i);
+            if (prefix == null) { // true for default namespace
+                prefix = "";
+            }
+            handler.endPrefixMapping(prefix);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the attributes associated with the current START_ELEMENT event.
+     * 
+     * @return the StAX attributes converted to org.xml.sax.Attributes
+     */
+    private Attributes getAttributes(XMLStreamReader reader) {
+        assert reader.getEventType() == XMLStreamConstants.START_ELEMENT;
+
+        AttributesImpl attrs = new AttributesImpl();
+
+        // add namespace declarations if required
+        if (namespacePrefixes) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < reader.getNamespaceCount(); i++) {
+                String prefix = reader.getNamespacePrefix(i);
+                String uri = reader.getNamespaceURI(i);
+                attrs.addAttribute(null, prefix, "xmlns:" + prefix, "CDATA", uri);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Regular attributes
+        for (int i = 0; i < reader.getAttributeCount(); i++) {
+            String uri = reader.getAttributeNamespace(i);
+            if (uri == null) {
+                uri = "";
+            }
+            String localName = reader.getAttributeLocalName(i);
+            String prefix = reader.getAttributePrefix(i);
+            String qname;
+            if (prefix == null || prefix.length() == 0) {
+                qname = localName;
+            } else {
+                qname = prefix + ':' + localName;
+            }
+            String type = reader.getAttributeType(i);
+            String value = reader.getAttributeValue(i);
+
+            attrs.addAttribute(uri, localName, qname, type, value);
+        }
+
+        return attrs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Adaptor for mapping Locator information.
+     */
+    private static final class LocatorAdaptor implements Locator {
+        private final Location location;
+
+        private LocatorAdaptor(Location location) {
+            this.location = location;
+        }
+
+        public int getColumnNumber() {
+            return location == null ? 0 : location.getColumnNumber();
+        }
+
+        public int getLineNumber() {
+            return location == null ? 0 : location.getLineNumber();
+        }
+
+        public String getPublicId() {
+            return location == null ? "" : location.getPublicId();
+        }
+
+        public String getSystemId() {
+            return location == null ? "" : location.getSystemId();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/StAXDataBinding.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/StAXDataBinding.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ed57992910
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/StAXDataBinding.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseDataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;
+
+/**
+ * A DataBinding for the StAX
+ * 
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class StAXDataBinding extends BaseDataBinding {
+    public static final String NAME = XMLStreamReader.class.getName();
+
+    public StAXDataBinding() {
+        super(NAME, XMLStreamReader.class);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean introspect(DataType type, Operation operation) {
+        if (super.introspect(type, operation)) {
+            type.setLogical(XMLType.UNKNOWN);
+            type.setDataBinding(NAME);
+            return true;
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/StAXHelper.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/StAXHelper.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..103ecbd7d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/StAXHelper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.io.Reader;
+import java.io.StringReader;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.io.Writer;
+
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLInputFactory;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLOutputFactory;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamWriter;
+import javax.xml.transform.Source;
+
+
+public final class StAXHelper {
+    private static final XMLInputFactory INPUT_FACTORY = XMLInputFactory.newInstance();
+    private static final XMLOutputFactory OUTPUT_FACTORY = XMLOutputFactory.newInstance();
+
+    private StAXHelper() {
+    }
+
+    public static XMLStreamReader createXMLStreamReader(InputStream inputStream) throws XMLStreamException {
+        return INPUT_FACTORY.createXMLStreamReader(inputStream);
+    }
+
+    public static XMLStreamReader createXMLStreamReader(Reader reader) throws XMLStreamException {
+        return INPUT_FACTORY.createXMLStreamReader(reader);
+    }
+
+    public static XMLStreamReader createXMLStreamReader(Source source) throws XMLStreamException {
+        return INPUT_FACTORY.createXMLStreamReader(source);
+    }
+
+    public static XMLStreamReader createXMLStreamReader(String string) throws XMLStreamException {
+        StringReader reader = new StringReader(string);
+        return createXMLStreamReader(reader);
+    }
+
+    public static String save(XMLStreamReader reader) throws XMLStreamException {
+        StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
+        save(reader, writer);
+        return writer.toString();
+    }
+
+    public static void save(XMLStreamReader reader, OutputStream outputStream) throws XMLStreamException {
+        XMLStreamSerializer serializer = new XMLStreamSerializer();
+        XMLStreamWriter streamWriter = OUTPUT_FACTORY.createXMLStreamWriter(outputStream);
+        serializer.serialize(reader, streamWriter);
+        streamWriter.flush();
+    }
+
+    public static void save(XMLStreamReader reader, Writer writer) throws XMLStreamException {
+        XMLStreamSerializer serializer = new XMLStreamSerializer();
+        XMLStreamWriter streamWriter = OUTPUT_FACTORY.createXMLStreamWriter(writer);
+        serializer.serialize(reader, streamWriter);
+        streamWriter.flush();
+    }
+
+    public static void save(XMLStreamReader reader, XMLStreamWriter writer) throws XMLStreamException {
+        XMLStreamSerializer serializer = new XMLStreamSerializer();
+        serializer.serialize(reader, writer);
+        writer.flush();
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/StreamDataPipe.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/StreamDataPipe.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f8967e35b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/StreamDataPipe.java
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataPipe;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataPipeTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+
+public class StreamDataPipe extends BaseTransformer<OutputStream, InputStream> implements
+    DataPipeTransformer<OutputStream, InputStream> {
+
+    public DataPipe<OutputStream, InputStream> newInstance() {
+        return new Pipe();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<InputStream> getTargetType() {
+        return InputStream.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 50;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<OutputStream> getSourceType() {
+        return OutputStream.class;
+    }
+
+    public static class Pipe implements DataPipe<OutputStream, InputStream> {
+        private ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+
+        public InputStream getResult() {
+            return new ByteArrayInputStream(outputStream.toByteArray());
+        }
+
+        public OutputStream getSink() {
+            return outputStream;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/String2Node.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/String2Node.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..062e10cc45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/String2Node.java
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.io.StringReader;
+
+import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.DOMHelper;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
+
+public class String2Node extends BaseTransformer<String, Node> implements PullTransformer<String, Node> {
+
+    public Node transform(String source, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            DocumentBuilder builder = DOMHelper.newDocumentBuilder();
+            InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(new StringReader(source));
+            return builder.parse(inputSource);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<String> getSourceType() {
+        return String.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Node> getTargetType() {
+        return Node.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 50;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/String2SAX.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/String2SAX.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c56dba1843
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/String2SAX.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.io.StringReader;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PushTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler;
+import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
+
+/**
+ * Transform XML string to SAX
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class String2SAX extends BaseTransformer<String, ContentHandler> implements
+    PushTransformer<String, ContentHandler> {
+
+    public void transform(String source, ContentHandler target, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            new InputSource2SAX().transform(new InputSource(new StringReader(source)), target, context);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<String> getSourceType() {
+        return String.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<ContentHandler> getTargetType() {
+        return ContentHandler.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 40;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/String2SourceTransformer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/String2SourceTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c2de202a9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/String2SourceTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.io.StringReader;
+
+import javax.xml.transform.Source;
+import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+
+/**
+ * Transform XML String to Source
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class String2SourceTransformer extends BaseTransformer<String, Source> implements
+    PullTransformer<String, Source> {
+
+    public Source transform(String source, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            return new StreamSource(new StringReader(source));
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<String> getSourceType() {
+        return String.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Source> getTargetType() {
+        return Source.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 40;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/String2XMLStreamReader.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/String2XMLStreamReader.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a7364006d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/String2XMLStreamReader.java
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+
+public class String2XMLStreamReader extends BaseTransformer<String, XMLStreamReader> implements
+    PullTransformer<String, XMLStreamReader> {
+
+    public XMLStreamReader transform(String source, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            return StAXHelper.createXMLStreamReader(source);
+        } catch (XMLStreamException e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<String> getSourceType() {
+        return String.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<XMLStreamReader> getTargetType() {
+        return XMLStreamReader.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 50;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/WrappingXMLStreamReader.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/WrappingXMLStreamReader.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d73e495798
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/WrappingXMLStreamReader.java
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContext;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+import javax.xml.stream.util.StreamReaderDelegate;
+
+public class WrappingXMLStreamReader extends StreamReaderDelegate implements XMLFragmentStreamReader {
+
+    private boolean done;
+    private int level;
+
+    public WrappingXMLStreamReader(XMLStreamReader realReader) throws XMLStreamException {
+        super(realReader);
+        if (realReader == null) {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Reader cannot be null");
+        }
+
+        if (realReader instanceof XMLFragmentStreamReader) {
+            ((XMLFragmentStreamReader)realReader).init();
+        }
+
+        if (realReader.getEventType() == START_DOCUMENT) {
+            // Position to the 1st element
+            realReader.nextTag();
+        }
+        if (realReader.getEventType() != START_ELEMENT) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("The reader is not positioned at START_DOCUMENT or START_ELEMENT");
+        }
+        this.done = false;
+        this.level = 1;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean hasNext() throws XMLStreamException {
+        return !done && super.hasNext();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int next() throws XMLStreamException {
+        if (!hasNext()) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("No more events");
+        }
+        int event = super.next();
+        if (!super.hasNext()) {
+            done = true;
+        }
+        if (event == START_ELEMENT) {
+            level++;
+        } else if (event == END_ELEMENT) {
+            level--;
+            if (level == 0) {
+                done = true;
+            }
+        }
+        return event;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int nextTag() throws XMLStreamException {
+        int event = 0;
+        while (true) {
+            event = next();
+            if (event == START_ELEMENT || event == END_ELEMENT) {
+                return event;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    
+    public void setParentNamespaceContext(NamespaceContext nsContext) {
+        // nothing to do here
+    }
+
+    public void init() {
+        // Nothing to do here
+    }
+    
+    public boolean isDone() {
+        return done;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Writer2ReaderDataPipe.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Writer2ReaderDataPipe.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5ab7272d58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Writer2ReaderDataPipe.java
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.io.Reader;
+import java.io.StringReader;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.io.Writer;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataPipe;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataPipeTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+
+public class Writer2ReaderDataPipe extends BaseTransformer<Writer, Reader> implements DataPipeTransformer<Writer, Reader> {
+
+    public DataPipe<Writer, Reader> newInstance() {
+        return new Pipe();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Reader> getTargetType() {
+        return Reader.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 50;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Writer> getSourceType() {
+        return Writer.class;
+    }
+
+    private static class Pipe implements DataPipe<Writer, Reader> {
+        private StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
+
+        public Reader getResult() {
+            return new StringReader(writer.toString());
+        }
+
+        public Writer getSink() {
+            return writer;
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLDocumentStreamReader.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLDocumentStreamReader.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a7088eada3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLDocumentStreamReader.java
@@ -0,0 +1,482 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContext;
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+import javax.xml.stream.Location;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+/**
+ * This class is derived from Apache Axis2 class
+ * org.apache.axis2.util.StreamWrapper</a>. It's used wrap a XMLStreamReader to
+ * create a XMLStreamReader representing a document and it will produce
+ * START_DOCUMENT, END_DOCUMENT events.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class XMLDocumentStreamReader implements XMLStreamReader {
+    private static final int STATE_COMPLETE_AT_NEXT = 2; // The wrapper
+    // will produce
+    // END_DOCUMENT
+
+    private static final int STATE_COMPLETED = 3; // Done
+
+    private static final int STATE_INIT = 0; // The wrapper will produce
+    // START_DOCUMENT
+
+    private static final int STATE_SWITCHED = 1; // The real reader will
+    // produce events
+
+    private XMLStreamReader realReader;
+    private boolean fragment;
+    private int level = 1;
+
+    private int state = STATE_INIT;
+
+    public XMLDocumentStreamReader(XMLStreamReader realReader) {
+        if (realReader == null) {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Reader cannot be null");
+        }
+
+        this.realReader = realReader;
+        
+        if (realReader instanceof XMLFragmentStreamReader) {
+            ((XMLFragmentStreamReader)realReader).init();
+        }
+
+        // If the real reader is positioned at START_DOCUMENT, always use
+        // the real reader
+        if (realReader.getEventType() == START_DOCUMENT) {
+            fragment = false;
+            state = STATE_SWITCHED;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void close() throws XMLStreamException {
+        realReader.close();
+    }
+
+    public int getAttributeCount() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getAttributeCount();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeLocalName(int i) {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getAttributeLocalName(i);
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public QName getAttributeName(int i) {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getAttributeName(i);
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeNamespace(int i) {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getAttributeNamespace(i);
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributePrefix(int i) {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getAttributePrefix(i);
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeType(int i) {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getAttributeType(i);
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeValue(int i) {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getAttributeValue(i);
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeValue(String s, String s1) {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getAttributeValue(s, s1);
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getCharacterEncodingScheme() {
+        return realReader.getCharacterEncodingScheme();
+    }
+
+    public String getElementText() throws XMLStreamException {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getElementText();
+        } else {
+            throw new XMLStreamException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getEncoding() {
+        return realReader.getEncoding();
+    }
+
+    public int getEventType() {
+        int event = -1;
+        switch (state) {
+            case STATE_SWITCHED:
+            case STATE_COMPLETE_AT_NEXT:
+                event = realReader.getEventType();
+                break;
+            case STATE_INIT:
+                event = START_DOCUMENT;
+                break;
+            case STATE_COMPLETED:
+                event = END_DOCUMENT;
+                break;
+        }
+        return event;
+    }
+
+    public String getLocalName() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getLocalName();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public Location getLocation() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getLocation();
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public QName getName() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getName();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public NamespaceContext getNamespaceContext() {
+        return realReader.getNamespaceContext();
+    }
+
+    public int getNamespaceCount() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getNamespaceCount();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespacePrefix(int i) {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getNamespacePrefix(i);
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespaceURI() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getNamespaceURI();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespaceURI(int i) {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getNamespaceURI(i);
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespaceURI(String s) {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getNamespaceURI(s);
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getPIData() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getPIData();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getPITarget() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getPITarget();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getPrefix() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getPrefix();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public Object getProperty(String s) throws IllegalArgumentException {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getProperty(s);
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getText() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getText();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public char[] getTextCharacters() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getTextCharacters();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int getTextCharacters(int i, char[] chars, int i1, int i2) throws XMLStreamException {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getTextCharacters(i, chars, i1, i2);
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int getTextLength() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getTextLength();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int getTextStart() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getTextStart();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getVersion() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.getVersion();
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasName() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.hasName();
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasNext() throws XMLStreamException {
+        if (state == STATE_COMPLETE_AT_NEXT) {
+            return true;
+        } else if (state == STATE_COMPLETED) {
+            return false;
+        } else if (state == STATE_SWITCHED) {
+            return realReader.hasNext();
+        } else {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasText() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.hasText();
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean isAttributeSpecified(int i) {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.isAttributeSpecified(i);
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean isCharacters() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.isCharacters();
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private boolean isDelegating() {
+        return state == STATE_SWITCHED || state == STATE_COMPLETE_AT_NEXT;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isEndElement() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.isEndElement();
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean isStandalone() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.isStandalone();
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean isStartElement() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.isStartElement();
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean isWhiteSpace() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.isWhiteSpace();
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int next() throws XMLStreamException {
+        int returnEvent;
+
+        switch (state) {
+            case STATE_SWITCHED:
+                returnEvent = realReader.next();
+                if (returnEvent == END_DOCUMENT) {
+                    state = STATE_COMPLETED;
+                } else if (!realReader.hasNext()) {
+                    state = STATE_COMPLETE_AT_NEXT;
+                } 
+                if (fragment && returnEvent == END_ELEMENT) {
+                    level--;
+                    if (level == 0) {
+                        // We are now at the end of the top-level element in the fragment
+                        state = STATE_COMPLETE_AT_NEXT;
+                    }
+                }
+                if (fragment && returnEvent == START_ELEMENT) {
+                    level++;
+                }
+                break;
+            case STATE_INIT:
+                state = STATE_SWITCHED;
+                returnEvent = realReader.getEventType();
+                if (returnEvent == START_ELEMENT) {
+                    // The real reader is positioned at the top-level element in the fragment
+                    level = 0;
+                    fragment = true;
+                }
+                break;
+            case STATE_COMPLETE_AT_NEXT:
+                state = STATE_COMPLETED;
+                returnEvent = END_DOCUMENT;
+                break;
+            case STATE_COMPLETED:
+                // oops - no way we can go beyond this
+                throw new NoSuchElementException("End of stream has reached.");
+            default:
+                throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+        }
+
+        return returnEvent;
+    }
+
+    public int nextTag() throws XMLStreamException {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            int returnEvent = realReader.nextTag();
+            if (fragment && returnEvent == END_ELEMENT) {
+                level--;
+                if (level == 0) {
+                    // We are now at the end of the top-level element in the fragment
+                    state = STATE_COMPLETE_AT_NEXT;
+                }
+            }
+            if (fragment && returnEvent == START_ELEMENT) {
+                level++;
+            }
+            return returnEvent;
+        } else {
+            throw new XMLStreamException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void require(int i, String s, String s1) throws XMLStreamException {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            realReader.require(i, s, s1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean standaloneSet() {
+        if (isDelegating()) {
+            return realReader.standaloneSet();
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLFragmentStreamReader.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLFragmentStreamReader.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a42d6acc9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLFragmentStreamReader.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContext;
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+public interface XMLFragmentStreamReader extends XMLStreamReader {
+    QName NIL_QNAME = new QName("http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance", "nil", "xsi");
+    String NIL_VALUE_TRUE = "true";
+
+    /**
+     * this will help to handle Text within the current element. user should
+     * pass the element text to the property list as this ELEMENT_TEXT as the
+     * key. This key deliberately has a space in it so that it is not a valid
+     * XML name
+     */
+    String ELEMENT_TEXT = "Element Text";
+
+    /**
+     * Extra method to query the state of the pullparser
+     */
+    boolean isDone();
+
+    /**
+     * add the parent namespace context to this parser
+     */
+    void setParentNamespaceContext(NamespaceContext nsContext);
+
+    /**
+     * Initiate the parser - this will do whatever the needed tasks to initiate
+     * the parser and must be called before attempting any specific parsing
+     * using this parser
+     */
+    void init();
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLFragmentStreamReaderImpl.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLFragmentStreamReaderImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f1084cf2a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLFragmentStreamReaderImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,857 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContext;
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+import javax.xml.stream.Location;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+/**
+ * This is the new implementation of the XMLFramentStreamReader. The approach
+ * here is simple When the pull parser needs to generate events for a particular
+ * name-value(s) pair it always hands over (delegates) the task to another pull
+ * parser which knows how to deal with it The common types of name value pairs
+ * we'll come across are
+ * <ul>
+ * <li> String name/QName name - String value
+ * <li> String name/QName name - String[] value
+ * <li> QName name/String name - XMLStreamReader value
+ * <li> QName name/String name - XMLStreamable value
+ * <li> QName name/String name - Java bean
+ * <li> QName name/String name - Datahandler
+ * 
+ * </ul>
+ * <p/> As for the attributes, these are the possible combinations in the array
+ * <ul>
+ * <li> String name/QName name - String value
+ * </ul>
+ * Note that certain array methods have been deliberately removed to avoid
+ * complications. The generated code will take the trouble to lay the elements
+ * of the array in the correct order <p/> <p/> Hence there will be a parser impl
+ * that knows how to handle these types, and this parent parser will always
+ * delegate these tasks to the child pullparasers in effect this is one huge
+ * state machine that has only a few states and delegates things down to the
+ * child parsers whenever possible <p/>
+ * 
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class XMLFragmentStreamReaderImpl implements XMLFragmentStreamReader {
+
+    private static final int DELEGATED_STATE = 2;
+    private static final int END_ELEMENT_STATE = 1;
+    // states for this pullparser - it can only have four states
+    private static final int START_ELEMENT_STATE = 0;
+    private static final int TEXT_STATE = 3;
+
+    protected NamedProperty[] attributes;
+
+    // reference to the child reader
+    protected XMLFragmentStreamReader childReader;
+    // current property index
+    // initialized at zero
+    protected int index;
+    protected Map<String, String> declaredNamespaceMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
+    protected QName elementQName;
+
+    // we always create a new namespace context
+    protected DelegatingNamespaceContext namespaceContext = new DelegatingNamespaceContext();
+
+    protected NamedProperty[] elements;
+
+    // integer field that keeps the state of this
+    // parser.
+    protected int state = START_ELEMENT_STATE;
+
+    /*
+     * we need to pass in a namespace context since when delegated, we've no
+     * idea of the current namespace context. So it needs to be passed on here!
+     */
+    public XMLFragmentStreamReaderImpl(QName elementQName, NamedProperty[] elements, NamedProperty[] attributes) {
+        // validate the lengths, since both the arrays are supposed
+        // to have
+        this.elements = elements == null ? new NamedProperty[0] : elements;
+        this.elementQName = elementQName;
+        this.attributes = attributes == null ? new NamedProperty[0] : attributes;
+    }
+
+    protected XMLFragmentStreamReaderImpl(QName elementQName) {
+        this.elementQName = elementQName;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * add the namespace context
+     */
+
+    public void setParentNamespaceContext(NamespaceContext nsContext) {
+        // register the namespace context passed in to this
+        this.namespaceContext.setParentNsContext(nsContext);
+
+    }
+
+    protected NamedProperty[] getElements() {
+        return elements;
+    }
+
+    protected NamedProperty[] getAttributes() {
+        return attributes;
+    }
+    
+    protected QName[] getNamespaces() {
+        return new QName[0];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param prefix
+     * @param uri
+     */
+    protected void addToNsMap(String prefix, String uri) {
+        if (!uri.equals(namespaceContext.getNamespaceURI(prefix))) {
+            namespaceContext.pushNamespace(prefix, uri);
+            declaredNamespaceMap.put(prefix, uri);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void close() throws XMLStreamException {
+        // do nothing here - we have no resources to free
+    }
+
+    public int getAttributeCount() {
+        return (state == DELEGATED_STATE) ? childReader.getAttributeCount() : (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE
+            ? getAttributes().length : 0);
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeLocalName(int i) {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getAttributeLocalName(i);
+        } else if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            QName name = getAttributeName(i);
+            if (name == null) {
+                return null;
+            } else {
+                return name.getLocalPart();
+            }
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param i
+     */
+    public QName getAttributeName(int i) {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getAttributeName(i);
+        } else if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            if ((i >= (getAttributes().length)) || i < 0) { // out of range
+                return null;
+            } else {
+                // get the attribute pointer
+                QName attribPointer = getAttributes()[i].getKey();
+                // case one - attrib name is null
+                // this should be the pointer to the OMAttribute then
+                if (attribPointer == null) {
+                    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+                } else if (attribPointer instanceof QName) {
+                    return attribPointer;
+                } else {
+                    return null;
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException(); // as per the API contract
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeNamespace(int i) {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getAttributeNamespace(i);
+        } else if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            QName name = getAttributeName(i);
+            if (name == null) {
+                return null;
+            } else {
+                return name.getNamespaceURI();
+            }
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributePrefix(int i) {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getAttributePrefix(i);
+        } else if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            QName name = getAttributeName(i);
+            if (name == null) {
+                return null;
+            } else {
+                return name.getPrefix();
+            }
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeType(int i) {
+        return null; // not supported
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeValue(int i) {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getAttributeValue(i);
+        } else if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            if ((i >= (getAttributes().length)) || i < 0) { // out of range
+                return null;
+            } else {
+                // get the attribute pointer
+                QName attribPointer = getAttributes()[i].getKey();
+                Object omAttribObj = getAttributes()[i].getValue();
+                // case one - attrib name is null
+                // this should be the pointer to the OMAttribute then
+                if (attribPointer == null) {
+                    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+                } else if (attribPointer instanceof QName) {
+                    return (String)omAttribObj;
+                } else {
+                    return null;
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeValue(String nsUri, String localName) {
+
+        int attribCount = getAttributeCount();
+        String returnValue = null;
+        QName attribQualifiedName;
+        for (int i = 0; i < attribCount; i++) {
+            attribQualifiedName = getAttributeName(i);
+            if (nsUri == null) {
+                if (localName.equals(attribQualifiedName.getLocalPart())) {
+                    returnValue = getAttributeValue(i);
+                    break;
+                }
+            } else {
+                if (localName.equals(attribQualifiedName.getLocalPart()) && nsUri.equals(attribQualifiedName
+                    .getNamespaceURI())) {
+                    returnValue = getAttributeValue(i);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+        }
+
+        return returnValue;
+    }
+
+    public String getCharacterEncodingScheme() {
+        return null; // TODO - should we return something for this ?
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * TODO implement the right contract for this
+     * 
+     * @throws XMLStreamException
+     */
+    public String getElementText() throws XMLStreamException {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getElementText();
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    // / attribute handling
+    // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    public String getEncoding() {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getEncoding();
+        } else {
+            // we've no idea what the encoding is going to be in this case
+            // perhaps we ought to return some constant here, which the user
+            // might
+            // have access to change!
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int getEventType() {
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            return START_ELEMENT;
+        } else if (state == END_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            return END_ELEMENT;
+        } else if (state == TEXT_STATE) {
+            return CHARACTERS;
+        } else { // this is the delegated state
+            return childReader.getEventType();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getLocalName() {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getLocalName();
+        } else if (state != TEXT_STATE) {
+            return elementQName.getLocalPart();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     */
+    public Location getLocation() {
+        // return a default location
+        return new Location() {
+            public int getCharacterOffset() {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            public int getColumnNumber() {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            public int getLineNumber() {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            public String getPublicId() {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            public String getSystemId() {
+                return null;
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    public QName getName() {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getName();
+        } else if (state != TEXT_STATE) {
+            return elementQName;
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public NamespaceContext getNamespaceContext() {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getNamespaceContext();
+        } else {
+            return namespaceContext;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public int getNamespaceCount() {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getNamespaceCount();
+        } else {
+            return declaredNamespaceMap.size();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param i
+     */
+    public String getNamespacePrefix(int i) {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getNamespacePrefix(i);
+        } else if (state != TEXT_STATE) {
+            // order the prefixes
+            String[] prefixes = makePrefixArray();
+            if ((i >= prefixes.length) || (i < 0)) {
+                return null;
+            } else {
+                return prefixes[i];
+            }
+
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespaceURI() {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getNamespaceURI();
+        } else if (state == TEXT_STATE) {
+            return null;
+        } else {
+            return elementQName.getNamespaceURI();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    // //////////// end of attribute handling
+    // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    // //////////// namespace handling
+    // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    public String getNamespaceURI(int i) {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getNamespaceURI(i);
+        } else if (state != TEXT_STATE) {
+            String namespacePrefix = getNamespacePrefix(i);
+            return namespacePrefix == null ? null : (String)declaredNamespaceMap.get(namespacePrefix);
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespaceURI(String prefix) {
+        return namespaceContext.getNamespaceURI(prefix);
+    }
+
+    public String getPIData() {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Yet to be implemented !!");
+    }
+
+    public String getPITarget() {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Yet to be implemented !!");
+    }
+
+    public String getPrefix() {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getPrefix();
+        } else if (state == TEXT_STATE) {
+            return null;
+        } else {
+            String prefix = elementQName.getPrefix();
+            return "".equals(prefix) ? null : prefix;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    // /////// end of namespace handling
+    // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    /**
+     * @param key
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
+     */
+    public Object getProperty(String key) throws IllegalArgumentException {
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE || state == END_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            return null;
+        } else if (state == TEXT_STATE) {
+            return null;
+        } else if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getProperty(key);
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public String getText() {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getText();
+        } else if (state == TEXT_STATE) {
+            return (String)getElements()[index - 1].getValue();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public char[] getTextCharacters() {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getTextCharacters();
+        } else if (state == TEXT_STATE) {
+            return getElements()[index - 1].getValue() == null ? new char[0] : ((String)getElements()[index - 1]
+                .getValue()).toCharArray();
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private int copy(int sourceStart, char[] target, int targetStart, int length) {
+        char[] source = getTextCharacters();
+        if (sourceStart > source.length) {
+            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("source start > source length");
+        }
+        int sourceLen = source.length - sourceStart;
+        if (length > sourceLen) {
+            length = sourceLen;
+        }
+        System.arraycopy(source, sourceStart, target, targetStart, length);
+        return sourceLen;
+    }
+
+    public int getTextCharacters(int i, char[] chars, int i1, int i2) throws XMLStreamException {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getTextCharacters(i, chars, i1, i2);
+        } else if (state == TEXT_STATE) {
+            return copy(i, chars, i1, i2);
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int getTextLength() {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getTextLength();
+        } else if (state == TEXT_STATE) {
+            return getTextCharacters().length; 
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int getTextStart() {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.getTextStart();
+        } else if (state == TEXT_STATE) {
+            return 0; // assume text always starts at 0
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getVersion() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasName() {
+        // since this parser always has a name, the hasName
+        // has to return true if we are still navigating this element
+        // if not we should ask the child reader for it.
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.hasName();
+        } else {
+            return state != TEXT_STATE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @throws XMLStreamException
+     */
+    public boolean hasNext() throws XMLStreamException {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            if (childReader.isDone()) {
+                // the child reader is done. We shouldn't be getting the
+                // hasNext result from the child pullparser then
+                return true;
+            } else {
+                return childReader.hasNext();
+            }
+        } else {
+            return state == START_ELEMENT_STATE || state == TEXT_STATE;
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * check the validity of this implementation
+     */
+    public boolean hasText() {
+        if (state == DELEGATED_STATE) {
+            return childReader.hasText();
+        } else {
+            return state == TEXT_STATE;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * we need to split out the calling to the populate namespaces separately
+     * since this needs to be done *after* setting the parent namespace context.
+     * We cannot assume it will happen at construction!
+     */
+    public void init() {
+        // here we have an extra issue to attend to. we need to look at the
+        // prefixes and URIs (the combination) and populate a HashMap of
+        // namespaces. The HashMap of namespaces will be used to serve the
+        // namespace context
+
+        populateNamespaceContext();
+    }
+
+    public boolean isAttributeSpecified(int i) {
+        return false; // not supported
+    }
+
+    public boolean isCharacters() {
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE || state == END_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return childReader.isCharacters();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * are we done ?
+     */
+    public boolean isDone() {
+        return state == END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isEndElement() {
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            return false;
+        } else if (state == END_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return childReader.isEndElement();
+    }
+
+    public boolean isStandalone() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isStartElement() {
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            return true;
+        } else if (state == END_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return childReader.isStartElement();
+    }
+
+    public boolean isWhiteSpace() {
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT_STATE || state == END_ELEMENT_STATE) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return childReader.isWhiteSpace();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the prefix list from the HashTable and take that into an array
+     */
+    private String[] makePrefixArray() {
+        String[] prefixes = declaredNamespaceMap.keySet().toArray(new String[declaredNamespaceMap.size()]);
+        Arrays.sort(prefixes);
+        return prefixes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * By far this should be the most important method in this class this method
+     * changes the state of the parser
+     */
+    public int next() throws XMLStreamException {
+        int returnEvent = -1; // invalid state is the default state
+        switch (state) {
+            case START_ELEMENT_STATE:
+                // current element is start element. We should be looking at the
+                // property list and making a pullparser for the property value
+                if (getElements() == null || getElements().length == 0) {
+                    // no properties - move to the end element state
+                    // straight away
+                    state = END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+                    returnEvent = END_ELEMENT;
+                } else {
+                    // there are properties. now we should delegate this task to
+                    // a
+                    // child reader depending on the property type
+                    returnEvent = processProperties();
+
+                }
+                break;
+            case END_ELEMENT_STATE:
+                // we've reached the end element already. If the user tries to
+                // push
+                // further ahead then it is an exception
+                throw new XMLStreamException("Trying to go beyond the end of the pullparser");
+
+            case DELEGATED_STATE:
+                if (childReader.isDone()) {
+                    // we've reached the end!
+                    if (index > (getElements().length - 1)) {
+                        state = END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+                        returnEvent = END_ELEMENT;
+                    } else {
+                        returnEvent = processProperties();
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    returnEvent = childReader.next();
+                }
+                break;
+
+            case TEXT_STATE:
+                // if there are any more event we should be delegating to
+                // processProperties. if not we just return an end element
+                if (index > (getElements().length - 1)) {
+                    state = END_ELEMENT_STATE;
+                    returnEvent = END_ELEMENT;
+                } else {
+                    returnEvent = processProperties();
+                }
+                break;
+        }
+        return returnEvent;
+    }
+
+    // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+    // / Other utility methods
+    // ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+    /**
+     * TODO implement this
+     * 
+     * @throws XMLStreamException
+     */
+    public int nextTag() throws XMLStreamException {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Populates a namespace context
+     */
+    private void populateNamespaceContext() {
+
+        // first add the current element namespace to the namespace context
+        // declare it if not found
+        addToNsMap(elementQName.getPrefix(), elementQName.getNamespaceURI());
+        
+        for (QName n : getNamespaces()) {
+            addToNsMap(n.getPrefix(), n.getNamespaceURI());
+        }
+
+        // traverse through the attributes and populate the namespace context
+        // the attrib list can be of many combinations
+        // the valid combinations are
+        // String - String
+        // QName - QName
+        // null - OMAttribute
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < getAttributes().length; i++) { // jump in two
+            QName attrQName = getAttributes()[i].getKey();
+            if (!"".equals(attrQName.getNamespaceURI())) {
+                addToNsMap(attrQName.getPrefix(), attrQName.getNamespaceURI());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A convenient method to reuse the properties
+     * 
+     * @return event to be thrown
+     * @throws XMLStreamException
+     */
+    private int processProperties() throws XMLStreamException {
+        // move to the next property depending on the current property
+        // index
+        QName propertyQName = getElements()[index].getKey();
+        boolean textFound = false;
+        if (propertyQName == null) {
+            throw new XMLStreamException("property key cannot be null!");
+        } else if (ELEMENT_TEXT.equals(propertyQName.getLocalPart())) {
+            // propPointer being a String has a special case
+            // that is it can be a the special constant ELEMENT_TEXT that
+            // says this text event
+            textFound = true;
+        }
+
+        // OK! we got the key. Now look at the value
+        Object propertyValue = getElements()[index].getValue();
+        // cater for the special case now
+        if (textFound) {
+            // no delegation here - make the parser null and immediately
+            // return with the event characters
+            childReader = null;
+            state = TEXT_STATE;
+            ++index;
+            return CHARACTERS;
+        } else if (propertyValue == null) {
+            // if the value is null we delegate the work to a nullable
+            // parser
+            childReader = new NilElementStreamReader(propertyQName);
+            childReader.setParentNamespaceContext(this.namespaceContext);
+            childReader.init();
+        } else if (propertyValue instanceof String) {
+            // strings are handled by the NameValuePairStreamReader
+            childReader = new NameValuePairStreamReader(propertyQName, (String)propertyValue);
+            childReader.setParentNamespaceContext(this.namespaceContext);
+            childReader.init();
+        } else if (propertyValue instanceof String[]) {
+            // string[] are handled by the NameValueArrayStreamReader
+            // if the array is empty - skip it
+            if (((String[])propertyValue).length == 0) {
+                // advance the index
+                ++index;
+                return processProperties();
+            } else {
+                childReader = new NameValueArrayStreamReader(propertyQName, (String[])propertyValue);
+                childReader.setParentNamespaceContext(this.namespaceContext);
+                childReader.init();
+            }
+
+        } else if (propertyValue instanceof XMLStreamable) {
+            // ADBbean has it's own method to get a reader
+            XMLStreamReader reader = ((XMLStreamable)propertyValue).getXMLStreamReader(propertyQName);
+            // we know for sure that this is an ADB XMLStreamreader.
+            // However we need to make sure that it is compatible
+            if (reader instanceof XMLFragmentStreamReader) {
+                childReader = (XMLFragmentStreamReader)reader;
+                childReader.setParentNamespaceContext(this.namespaceContext);
+                childReader.init();
+            } else {
+                // wrap it to make compatible
+                childReader = new WrappingXMLStreamReader(reader);
+            }
+        } else if (propertyValue instanceof XMLStreamReader) {
+            XMLStreamReader reader = (XMLStreamReader)propertyValue;
+            if (reader instanceof XMLFragmentStreamReader) {
+                childReader = (XMLFragmentStreamReader)reader;
+                childReader.setParentNamespaceContext(this.namespaceContext);
+                childReader.init();
+            } else {
+                // wrap it to make compatible
+                childReader = new WrappingXMLStreamReader(reader);
+            }
+
+        } else {
+            // all special possibilities has been tried! Let's treat
+            // the thing as a bean and try generating events from it
+            childReader = new WrappingXMLStreamReader(new BeanXMLStreamReaderImpl(propertyQName, propertyValue));
+            // we cannot register the namespace context here
+        }
+
+        // set the state here
+        state = DELEGATED_STATE;
+        // we are done with the delegation
+        // increment the property index
+        ++index;
+        return childReader.getEventType();
+    }
+
+    public void require(int i, String string, String string1) throws XMLStreamException {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+
+    public boolean standaloneSet() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLGroupDataBinding.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLGroupDataBinding.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f7c895db1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLGroupDataBinding.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.io.Reader;
+import java.io.Writer;
+
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLEventReader;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLEventWriter;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamWriter;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.GroupDataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;
+import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler;
+import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
+
+/**
+ * A Group DataBinding
+ * 
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class XMLGroupDataBinding extends GroupDataBinding {
+
+    public XMLGroupDataBinding() {
+        super(new Class[] {InputStream.class, OutputStream.class, Reader.class, Writer.class, 
+                           // Source.class, Result.class, 
+                           InputSource.class, ContentHandler.class, XMLStreamReader.class,
+                           XMLStreamWriter.class, XMLEventReader.class, XMLEventWriter.class});
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Object getLogical(Class<?> markerType, Operation operation) {
+        return XMLType.UNKNOWN;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLStreamReader2Node.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLStreamReader2Node.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e2d0416aec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLStreamReader2Node.java
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataPipe;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.DOMHelper;
+import org.w3c.dom.Document;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler;
+
+/**
+ * Transform DOM Node to XML XMLStreamReader
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class XMLStreamReader2Node extends BaseTransformer<XMLStreamReader, Node> implements
+    PullTransformer<XMLStreamReader, Node> {
+
+    private XMLStreamReader2SAX stax2sax = new XMLStreamReader2SAX();
+
+    public Node transform(XMLStreamReader source, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            DataPipe<ContentHandler, Node> pipe = new SAX2DOMPipe().newInstance();
+            stax2sax.transform(source, pipe.getSink(), context);
+            Node node = pipe.getResult();
+            source.close();
+            if (node instanceof Document) {
+                Document doc = (Document)node;
+                return DOMHelper.adjustElementName(context, doc.getDocumentElement());
+            } else {
+                return node;
+            }
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<XMLStreamReader> getSourceType() {
+        return XMLStreamReader.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Node> getTargetType() {
+        return Node.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 40;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLStreamReader2SAX.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLStreamReader2SAX.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9b39f039b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLStreamReader2SAX.java
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PushTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler;
+
+/**
+ * XMLStreamReader to SAX events
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class XMLStreamReader2SAX extends BaseTransformer<XMLStreamReader, ContentHandler> implements
+    PushTransformer<XMLStreamReader, ContentHandler> {
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<ContentHandler> getTargetType() {
+        return ContentHandler.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<XMLStreamReader> getSourceType() {
+        return XMLStreamReader.class;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PushTransformer#getWeight()
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 20;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PushTransformer#transform(java.lang.Object,
+     *      java.lang.Object,
+     *      org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext)
+     */
+    public void transform(XMLStreamReader source, ContentHandler sink, TransformationContext context) {
+        StAX2SAXAdapter adapter = new StAX2SAXAdapter(false);
+        try {
+            adapter.parse(source, sink);
+            source.close();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLStreamReader2String.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLStreamReader2String.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6db731bc9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLStreamReader2String.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+
+public class XMLStreamReader2String extends BaseTransformer<XMLStreamReader, String> implements
+    PullTransformer<XMLStreamReader, String> {
+
+    public String transform(XMLStreamReader source, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            String str = StAXHelper.save(source);
+            source.close();
+            return str;
+        } catch (XMLStreamException e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<XMLStreamReader> getSourceType() {
+        return XMLStreamReader.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Class<String> getTargetType() {
+        return String.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 40;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLStreamSerializer.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLStreamSerializer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..920ebb511c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLStreamSerializer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContext;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamConstants;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamWriter;
+
+/**
+ * The XMLStreamSerializer pulls events from the XMLStreamReader and dumps into the XMLStreamWriter
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class XMLStreamSerializer implements XMLStreamConstants {
+    public static final String NAMESPACE_PREFIX = "ns";
+    private static int namespaceSuffix;
+
+    /*
+     * The behavior of the Serializer is such that it returns when it encounters the starting element for the second
+     * time. The depth variable tracks the depth of the Serializer and tells it when to return. Note that it is assumed
+     * that this Serialization starts on an Element.
+     */
+
+    /**
+     * Field depth
+     */
+    private int depth;
+
+    /**
+     * Generates a unique namespace prefix that is not in the scope of the NamespaceContext
+     * 
+     * @param nsCtxt
+     * @return string
+     */
+    private String generateUniquePrefix(NamespaceContext nsCtxt) {
+        String prefix = NAMESPACE_PREFIX + namespaceSuffix++;
+        // null should be returned if the prefix is not bound!
+        while (nsCtxt.getNamespaceURI(prefix) != null) {
+            prefix = NAMESPACE_PREFIX + namespaceSuffix++;
+        }
+
+        return prefix;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Method serialize.
+     * 
+     * @param node
+     * @param writer
+     * @throws XMLStreamException
+     */
+    public void serialize(XMLStreamReader node, XMLStreamWriter writer) throws XMLStreamException {
+        serializeNode(node, writer);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param reader
+     * @param writer
+     * @throws XMLStreamException
+     */
+    protected void serializeAttributes(XMLStreamReader reader, XMLStreamWriter writer) throws XMLStreamException {
+        int count = reader.getAttributeCount();
+        String prefix;
+        String namespaceName;
+        String writerPrefix;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            prefix = reader.getAttributePrefix(i);
+            namespaceName = reader.getAttributeNamespace(i);
+            /*
+             * Due to parser implementations returning null as the namespace URI (for the empty namespace) we need to
+             * make sure that we deal with a namespace name that is not null. The best way to work around this issue is
+             * to set the namespace URI to "" if it is null
+             */
+            if (namespaceName == null) {
+                namespaceName = "";
+            }
+
+            writerPrefix = writer.getPrefix(namespaceName);
+
+            if (!"".equals(namespaceName)) {
+                // prefix has already being declared but this particular
+                // attrib has a
+                // no prefix attached. So use the prefix provided by the
+                // writer
+                if (writerPrefix != null && (prefix == null || prefix.equals(""))) {
+                    writer.writeAttribute(writerPrefix, namespaceName, reader.getAttributeLocalName(i), reader
+                        .getAttributeValue(i));
+
+                    // writer prefix is available but different from the
+                    // current
+                    // prefix of the attrib. We should be declaring the new
+                    // prefix
+                    // as a namespace declaration
+                } else if (prefix != null && !"".equals(prefix) && !prefix.equals(writerPrefix)) {
+                    writer.writeNamespace(prefix, namespaceName);
+                    writer.writeAttribute(prefix, namespaceName, reader.getAttributeLocalName(i), reader
+                        .getAttributeValue(i));
+
+                    // prefix is null (or empty), but the namespace name is
+                    // valid! it has not
+                    // being written previously also. So we need to generate
+                    // a prefix
+                    // here
+                } else if (prefix == null || prefix.equals("")) {
+                    prefix = generateUniquePrefix(writer.getNamespaceContext());
+                    writer.writeNamespace(prefix, namespaceName);
+                    writer.writeAttribute(prefix, namespaceName, reader.getAttributeLocalName(i), reader
+                        .getAttributeValue(i));
+                } else {
+                    writer.writeAttribute(prefix, namespaceName, reader.getAttributeLocalName(i), reader
+                        .getAttributeValue(i));
+                }
+            } else {
+                // empty namespace is equal to no namespace!
+                writer.writeAttribute(reader.getAttributeLocalName(i), reader.getAttributeValue(i));
+            }
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Method serializeCData.
+     * 
+     * @param reader
+     * @param writer
+     * @throws XMLStreamException
+     */
+    protected void serializeCData(XMLStreamReader reader, XMLStreamWriter writer) throws XMLStreamException {
+        writer.writeCData(reader.getText());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Method serializeComment.
+     * 
+     * @param reader
+     * @param writer
+     * @throws XMLStreamException
+     */
+    protected void serializeComment(XMLStreamReader reader, XMLStreamWriter writer) throws XMLStreamException {
+        writer.writeComment(reader.getText());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param reader
+     * @param writer
+     * @throws XMLStreamException
+     */
+    protected void serializeElement(XMLStreamReader reader, XMLStreamWriter writer) throws XMLStreamException {
+        String prefix = reader.getPrefix();
+        String nameSpaceName = reader.getNamespaceURI();
+        if (nameSpaceName != null) {
+            String writerPrefix = writer.getPrefix(nameSpaceName);
+            if (writerPrefix != null) {
+                writer.writeStartElement(nameSpaceName, reader.getLocalName());
+            } else {
+                if (prefix != null) {
+                    writer.writeStartElement(prefix, reader.getLocalName(), nameSpaceName);
+                    writer.writeNamespace(prefix, nameSpaceName);
+                    // writer.setPrefix(prefix, nameSpaceName);
+                } else {
+                    // [rfeng] We need to set default NS 1st before calling writeStateElement
+                    writer.setDefaultNamespace(nameSpaceName);
+                    writer.writeStartElement(nameSpaceName, reader.getLocalName());
+                    writer.writeDefaultNamespace(nameSpaceName);
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            writer.writeStartElement(reader.getLocalName());
+        }
+
+        // add the namespaces
+        int count = reader.getNamespaceCount();
+        String namespacePrefix;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            namespacePrefix = reader.getNamespacePrefix(i);
+            // [rfeng] The following is commented out to allow to default ns
+            // if (namespacePrefix != null && namespacePrefix.length() == 0) {
+            // continue;
+            // }
+
+            serializeNamespace(namespacePrefix, reader.getNamespaceURI(i), writer);
+        }
+
+        // add attributes
+        serializeAttributes(reader, writer);
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Method serializeEndElement.
+     * 
+     * @param writer
+     * @throws XMLStreamException
+     */
+    protected void serializeEndElement(XMLStreamWriter writer) throws XMLStreamException {
+        writer.writeEndElement();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Method serializeNamespace.
+     * 
+     * @param prefix
+     * @param uri
+     * @param writer
+     * @throws XMLStreamException
+     */
+    private void serializeNamespace(String prefix, String uri, XMLStreamWriter writer) throws XMLStreamException {
+        String prefix1 = writer.getPrefix(uri);
+        if (prefix1 == null) {
+            writer.writeNamespace(prefix, uri);
+            // writer.setPrefix(prefix, uri);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Method serializeNode.
+     * 
+     * @param reader
+     * @param writer
+     * @throws XMLStreamException
+     */
+    protected void serializeNode(XMLStreamReader reader, XMLStreamWriter writer) throws XMLStreamException {
+        while (true) {
+            int event = reader.getEventType();
+            if (event == START_ELEMENT) {
+                serializeElement(reader, writer);
+                depth++;
+            } else if (event == ATTRIBUTE) {
+                serializeAttributes(reader, writer);
+            } else if (event == CHARACTERS) {
+                serializeText(reader, writer);
+            } else if (event == COMMENT) {
+                serializeComment(reader, writer);
+            } else if (event == CDATA) {
+                serializeCData(reader, writer);
+            } else if (event == END_ELEMENT) {
+                serializeEndElement(writer);
+                depth--;
+            } else if (event == START_DOCUMENT) {
+                depth++; // if a start document is found then increment
+                writer.writeStartDocument();
+                // the depth
+            } else if (event == END_DOCUMENT) {
+                if (depth != 0) {
+                    depth--; // for the end document - reduce the depth
+                }
+                writer.writeEndDocument();
+            }
+            if (depth == 0) {
+                break;
+            }
+            if (reader.hasNext()) {
+                reader.next();
+            } else {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param reader
+     * @param writer
+     * @throws XMLStreamException
+     */
+    protected void serializeText(XMLStreamReader reader, XMLStreamWriter writer) throws XMLStreamException {
+        writer.writeCharacters(reader.getText());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLStreamable.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLStreamable.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f32f93d098
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLStreamable.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+/**
+ * An interface represents data that can be read using StAX streaming
+ * 
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public interface XMLStreamable {
+    /**
+     * Get the XMLStreamReader for StAX processing
+     * 
+     * @param rootElementName the name of the element to be generated 
+     * @return Returns a pull parser.
+     */
+    XMLStreamReader getXMLStreamReader(QName rootElementName);
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLStringDataBinding.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLStringDataBinding.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..22b173dce5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XMLStringDataBinding.java
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseDataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;
+
+/**
+ * A DataBinding for the XML string
+ * 
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class XMLStringDataBinding extends BaseDataBinding {
+    public static final String NAME = String.class.getName();
+
+    public XMLStringDataBinding() {
+        super(NAME, String.class);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean introspect(DataType type, Operation operation) {
+        if (type.getPhysical() == String.class && NAME.equals(type.getDataBinding())) {
+            type.setDataBinding(NAME);
+            type.setLogical(XMLType.UNKNOWN);
+            return true;
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XmlNode.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XmlNode.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..86ebd627f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XmlNode.java
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+/**
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public interface XmlNode {
+    enum Type {ELEMENT, ATTRIBUTE, CHARACTERS, READER};
+    /**
+     * Returns the children of the receiver as an <code>Iterator</code>.
+     */
+    Iterator<XmlNode> children();
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the attributes of the element as an <code>List</code>. Namespace declarations 
+     * should be excluded.
+     * 
+     * @return
+     */
+    List<XmlNode> attributes();
+    
+    /**
+     * Returns a map of prefix to namespace URI
+     * @return
+     */
+    Map<String, String> namespaces();
+
+    /**
+     * Return the QName of the element. If it's for a text node, the name is null.
+     * @return
+     */
+    QName getName();
+
+    /**
+     * Return the text value of the leaf element
+     * @return
+     */
+    <T> T getValue();
+    
+    /**
+     * Return the type of the XML node
+     * @return
+     */
+    Type getType();
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XmlNodeIterator.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XmlNodeIterator.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3dd125463e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XmlNodeIterator.java
@@ -0,0 +1,355 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.EmptyStackException;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContext;
+
+/**
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class XmlNodeIterator implements Iterator<XmlNode> {
+    public static final int START = 0;
+    public static final int END = 1;
+
+    protected FastStack<ElementHolder> stack;
+    protected int state;
+    protected NamespaceContextImpl nsContext;
+
+    public XmlNodeIterator(XmlNode rootNode) {
+        super();
+        List<XmlNode> v = new ArrayList<XmlNode>(1);
+        v.add(rootNode);
+        stack = new FastStack<ElementHolder>();
+        Iterator<XmlNode> i = v.iterator();
+        stack.push(new ElementHolder(null, i));
+        this.state = START;
+        this.nsContext = new NamespaceContextImpl(null);
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasNext() {
+        return !(stack.empty() || (state == END && stack.peek().parent == null));
+    }
+
+    public XmlNode next() {
+        this.state = START;
+        ElementHolder element = stack.peek();
+        Iterator<XmlNode> it = element.children;
+        if (it == null || (!it.hasNext())) {
+            // End of the children, return END event of parent
+            stack.pop();
+            this.state = END;
+            this.nsContext = (NamespaceContextImpl)nsContext.getParent();
+            return element.parent;
+        }
+        XmlNode node = it.next();
+        stack.push(new ElementHolder(node, node.children()));
+        this.nsContext = new NamespaceContextImpl(this.nsContext);
+        populateNamespaces(node);
+        return node;
+    }
+
+    public void remove() {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+
+    public int getState() {
+        return state;
+    }
+
+    public NamespaceContext getNamespaceContext() {
+        return nsContext;
+    }
+
+    private void populateNamespaces(XmlNode element) {
+        if (element.getName() != null) {
+            if (element.namespaces() != null) {
+                for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : element.namespaces().entrySet()) {
+                    nsContext.register(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static class ElementHolder {
+        private XmlNode parent;
+        private Iterator<XmlNode> children;
+
+        public ElementHolder(XmlNode parent, Iterator<XmlNode> children) {
+            this.parent = parent;
+            this.children = children;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static class NamespaceContextImpl implements NamespaceContext {
+        private NamespaceContext parent;
+        private Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
+
+        /**
+         * @param parent
+         */
+        public NamespaceContextImpl(NamespaceContext parent) {
+            super();
+            this.parent = parent;
+            if (parent == null) {
+                map.put("xml", "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace");
+                map.put("xmlns", "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/");
+            }
+        }
+
+        public String getNamespaceURI(String prefix) {
+            if (prefix == null) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Prefix is null");
+            }
+
+            String ns = (String)map.get(prefix);
+            if (ns != null) {
+                return ns;
+            }
+            if (parent != null) {
+                return parent.getNamespaceURI(prefix);
+            }
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        public String getPrefix(String nsURI) {
+            if (nsURI == null)
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Namespace is null");
+            for (Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> i = map.entrySet().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
+                Map.Entry<String, String> entry = i.next();
+                if (entry.getValue().equals(nsURI)) {
+                    return entry.getKey();
+                }
+            }
+            if (parent != null) {
+                return parent.getPrefix(nsURI);
+            }
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        public Iterator getPrefixes(String nsURI) {
+            List<String> prefixList = new ArrayList<String>();
+            for (Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> i = map.entrySet().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
+                Map.Entry<String, String> entry = i.next();
+                if (entry.getValue().equals(nsURI)) {
+                    prefixList.add(entry.getKey());
+                }
+            }
+            final Iterator currentIterator = prefixList.iterator();
+            final Iterator parentIterator = parent != null ? null : parent.getPrefixes(nsURI);
+            return new Iterator() {
+
+                public boolean hasNext() {
+                    return currentIterator.hasNext() || (parentIterator != null && parentIterator.hasNext());
+                }
+
+                public Object next() {
+                    if (!hasNext()) {
+                        throw new IllegalStateException("End of iterator has reached");
+                    }
+                    return currentIterator.hasNext() ? currentIterator.next() : parentIterator.next();
+                }
+
+                public void remove() {
+                    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+                }
+
+            };
+
+        }
+
+        public void register(String prefix, String ns) {
+            map.put(prefix, ns);
+        }
+
+        public NamespaceContext getParent() {
+            return parent;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(map.toString());
+            if (parent != null) {
+                sb.append("\nParent: ");
+                sb.append(parent);
+            }
+            return sb.toString();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * An implementation of the {@link java.util.Stack} API that is based on an <code>ArrayList</code> instead of a
+     * <code>Vector</code>, so it is not synchronized to protect against multi-threaded access. The implementation is
+     * therefore operates faster in environments where you do not need to worry about multiple thread contention.
+     * <p>
+     * The removal order of an <code>ArrayStack</code> is based on insertion order: The most recently added element is
+     * removed first. The iteration order is <i>not</i> the same as the removal order. The iterator returns elements
+     * from the bottom up, whereas the {@link #remove()} method removes them from the top down.
+     * <p>
+     * Unlike <code>Stack</code>, <code>ArrayStack</code> accepts null entries.
+     */
+    public static class FastStack<T> extends ArrayList<T> {
+
+        /** Ensure Serialization compatibility */
+        private static final long serialVersionUID = 2130079159931574599L;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructs a new empty <code>ArrayStack</code>. The initial size is controlled by <code>ArrayList</code>
+         * and is currently 10.
+         */
+        public FastStack() {
+            super();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Constructs a new empty <code>ArrayStack</code> with an initial size.
+         * 
+         * @param initialSize the initial size to use
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified initial size is negative
+         */
+        public FastStack(int initialSize) {
+            super(initialSize);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Return <code>true</code> if this stack is currently empty.
+         * <p>
+         * This method exists for compatibility with <code>java.util.Stack</code>. New users of this class should use
+         * <code>isEmpty</code> instead.
+         * 
+         * @return true if the stack is currently empty
+         */
+        public boolean empty() {
+            return isEmpty();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the top item off of this stack without removing it.
+         * 
+         * @return the top item on the stack
+         * @throws EmptyStackException if the stack is empty
+         */
+        public T peek() throws EmptyStackException {
+            int n = size();
+            if (n <= 0) {
+                throw new EmptyStackException();
+            } else {
+                return get(n - 1);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the n'th item down (zero-relative) from the top of this stack without removing it.
+         * 
+         * @param n the number of items down to go
+         * @return the n'th item on the stack, zero relative
+         * @throws EmptyStackException if there are not enough items on the stack to satisfy this request
+         */
+        public T peek(int n) throws EmptyStackException {
+            int m = (size() - n) - 1;
+            if (m < 0) {
+                throw new EmptyStackException();
+            } else {
+                return get(m);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Pops the top item off of this stack and return it.
+         * 
+         * @return the top item on the stack
+         * @throws EmptyStackException if the stack is empty
+         */
+        public T pop() throws EmptyStackException {
+            int n = size();
+            if (n <= 0) {
+                throw new EmptyStackException();
+            } else {
+                return remove(n - 1);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Pushes a new item onto the top of this stack. The pushed item is also returned. This is equivalent to calling
+         * <code>add</code>.
+         * 
+         * @param item the item to be added
+         * @return the item just pushed
+         */
+        public Object push(T item) {
+            add(item);
+            return item;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the top-most index for the object in the stack
+         * 
+         * @param object the object to be searched for
+         * @return top-most index, or -1 if not found
+         */
+        public int search(T object) {
+            int i = size() - 1; // Current index
+            while (i >= 0) {
+                T current = get(i);
+                if ((object == null && current == null) || (object != null && object.equals(current))) {
+                    return i;
+                }
+                i--;
+            }
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the element on the top of the stack.
+         * 
+         * @return the element on the top of the stack
+         * @throws EmptyStackException if the stack is empty
+         */
+        public T get() {
+            int size = size();
+            if (size == 0) {
+                throw new EmptyStackException();
+            }
+            return get(size - 1);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Removes the element on the top of the stack.
+         * 
+         * @return the removed element
+         * @throws EmptyStackException if the stack is empty
+         */
+        public T remove() {
+            int size = size();
+            if (size == 0) {
+                throw new EmptyStackException();
+            }
+            return remove(size - 1);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XmlTreeStreamReaderImpl.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XmlTreeStreamReaderImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4bc357c7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XmlTreeStreamReaderImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,531 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContext;
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+import javax.xml.stream.Location;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+/**
+ * 
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class XmlTreeStreamReaderImpl implements XMLStreamReader {
+
+    protected int state;
+    protected XmlNodeIterator iterator;
+    protected XmlNode current;
+
+    protected XMLStreamReader reader;
+
+    /*
+     * we need to pass in a namespace context since when delegated, we've no
+     * idea of the current namespace context. So it needs to be passed on here!
+     */
+    public XmlTreeStreamReaderImpl(XmlNode root) {
+        this.iterator = new XmlNodeIterator(root);
+        this.current = null;
+        this.state = START_DOCUMENT;
+        this.reader = null;
+    }
+
+    public void close() throws XMLStreamException {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            reader.close();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void checkElementState() {
+        if (getEventType() != START_ELEMENT && getEventType() != END_ELEMENT) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private List<XmlNode> getAttributes() {
+        if (current != null && current.attributes() != null) {
+            return current.attributes();
+        } else {
+            return Collections.emptyList();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int getAttributeCount() {
+        checkElementState();
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getAttributeCount();
+        }
+        return getAttributes().size();
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeLocalName(int i) {
+        checkElementState();
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getAttributeLocalName(i);
+        }
+        return getAttributes().get(i).getName().getLocalPart();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param i
+     */
+    public QName getAttributeName(int i) {
+        checkElementState();
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getAttributeName(i);
+        }
+        return getAttributes().get(i).getName();
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeNamespace(int i) {
+        checkElementState();
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getAttributeNamespace(i);
+        }
+        return getAttributes().get(i).getName().getNamespaceURI();
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributePrefix(int i) {
+        checkElementState();
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getAttributePrefix(i);
+        }
+        return getAttributes().get(i).getName().getPrefix();
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeType(int i) {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getAttributeType(i);
+        }
+        return null; // not supported
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeValue(int i) {
+        checkElementState();
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getAttributeValue(i);
+        }
+        return getAttributes().get(i).getValue();
+    }
+
+    public String getAttributeValue(String nsUri, String localName) {
+        checkElementState();
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getAttributeValue(nsUri, localName);
+        }
+        int count = getAttributeCount();
+        String value = null;
+        QName attrQName;
+        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            attrQName = getAttributeName(i);
+            if (nsUri == null) {
+                if (localName.equals(attrQName.getLocalPart())) {
+                    value = getAttributeValue(i);
+                    break;
+                }
+            } else {
+                if (localName.equals(attrQName.getLocalPart()) && nsUri.equals(attrQName.getNamespaceURI())) {
+                    value = getAttributeValue(i);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+        }
+
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    public String getCharacterEncodingScheme() {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getCharacterEncodingScheme();
+        }
+        return "UTF-8";
+    }
+
+    public String getElementText() throws XMLStreamException {
+        checkElementState();
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getElementText();
+        }
+        return current.getValue();
+    }
+
+    public String getEncoding() {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getEncoding();
+        }
+        return "UTF-8";
+    }
+
+    public int getEventType() {
+        return state;
+    }
+
+    public String getLocalName() {
+        checkElementState();
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getLocalName();
+        }
+        return current.getName().getLocalPart();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     */
+    public Location getLocation() {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getLocation();
+        }
+        // return a default location
+        return new Location() {
+            public int getCharacterOffset() {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            public int getColumnNumber() {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            public int getLineNumber() {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            public String getPublicId() {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            public String getSystemId() {
+                return null;
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    public QName getName() {
+        checkElementState();
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getName();
+        }
+        return current.getName();
+    }
+
+    public NamespaceContext getNamespaceContext() {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getNamespaceContext();
+        }
+        return iterator.getNamespaceContext();
+    }
+
+    private Map<String, String> getNamespaces() {
+        if (current != null && current.namespaces() != null) {
+            return current.namespaces();
+        } else {
+            return Collections.emptyMap();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int getNamespaceCount() {
+        checkElementState();
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getNamespaceCount();
+        }
+        return getNamespaces().size();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param i
+     */
+    public String getNamespacePrefix(int i) {
+        checkElementState();
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getNamespacePrefix(i);
+        }
+        return new ArrayList<Map.Entry<String, String>>(getNamespaces().entrySet()).get(i).getKey();
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespaceURI() {
+        checkElementState();
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getNamespaceURI();
+        }
+        return current.getName().getNamespaceURI();
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespaceURI(int i) {
+        checkElementState();
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getNamespaceURI(i);
+        }
+        return new ArrayList<Map.Entry<String, String>>(getNamespaces().entrySet()).get(i).getValue();
+    }
+
+    public String getNamespaceURI(String prefix) {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getNamespaceURI(prefix);
+        }
+        return getNamespaceContext().getNamespaceURI(prefix);
+    }
+
+    public String getPIData() {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getPIData();
+        }
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Yet to be implemented !!");
+    }
+
+    public String getPITarget() {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getPITarget();
+        }
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Yet to be implemented !!");
+    }
+
+    public String getPrefix() {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getPrefix();
+        }
+        if (state == START_ELEMENT || state == END_ELEMENT) {
+            String prefix = current.getName().getPrefix();
+            return "".equals(prefix) ? null : prefix;
+        } else if (state == START_DOCUMENT) {
+            return null;
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("State==" + state);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param key
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
+     */
+    public Object getProperty(String key) throws IllegalArgumentException {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getProperty(key);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public String getText() {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getText();
+        }
+        return current.getValue();
+    }
+
+    public char[] getTextCharacters() {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getTextCharacters();
+        }
+        String value = current.getValue();
+        return value == null ? new char[0] : value.toCharArray();
+    }
+
+    private int copy(int sourceStart, char[] target, int targetStart, int length) {
+        char[] source = getTextCharacters();
+        if (sourceStart > source.length) {
+            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("source start > source length");
+        }
+        int sourceLen = source.length - sourceStart;
+        if (length > sourceLen) {
+            length = sourceLen;
+        }
+        System.arraycopy(source, sourceStart, target, targetStart, length);
+        return sourceLen;
+    }
+
+    public int getTextCharacters(int i, char[] chars, int i1, int i2) throws XMLStreamException {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getTextCharacters(i, chars, i1, i2);
+        }
+        return copy(i, chars, i1, i2);
+    }
+
+    public int getTextLength() {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getTextLength();
+        }
+        return getTextCharacters().length;
+    }
+
+    public int getTextStart() {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.getTextStart();
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    public String getVersion() {
+        return "1.0";
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasName() {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.hasName();
+        }
+        return current.getName() != null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @throws XMLStreamException
+     */
+    public boolean hasNext() throws XMLStreamException {
+        return iterator.hasNext() || state != END_DOCUMENT || (reader != null && reader.hasNext());
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasText() {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.hasText();
+        }
+        return current.getType() == XmlNode.Type.CHARACTERS;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isAttributeSpecified(int i) {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.isAttributeSpecified(i);
+        }
+        return false; // not supported
+    }
+
+    public boolean isCharacters() {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.isCharacters();
+        }
+        return current.getType() == XmlNode.Type.CHARACTERS;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isEndElement() {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.isEndElement();
+        }
+        return getEventType() == END_ELEMENT;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isStandalone() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isStartElement() {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.isStartElement();
+        }
+        return getEventType() == START_ELEMENT;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isWhiteSpace() {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            return reader.isWhiteSpace();
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * By far this should be the most important method in this class this method
+     * changes the state of the parser
+     */
+    public int next() throws XMLStreamException {
+        if (!hasNext()) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("No more events");
+        }
+        if (reader != null) {
+            if (!reader.hasNext()) {
+                this.reader = null;
+            } else {
+                // Go to the delegation mode
+                state = reader.next();
+                return state;
+            }
+        }
+        if (!iterator.hasNext()) {
+            state = END_DOCUMENT;
+            current = null;
+            return state;
+        }
+        current = iterator.next();
+        XmlNode.Type type = current.getType();
+
+        int itState = iterator.getState();
+        if (itState == XmlNodeIterator.END) {
+            if (type == XmlNode.Type.ELEMENT) {
+                state = END_ELEMENT;
+            } else {
+                // Ignore the pop
+                state = next();
+            }
+        }
+        if (itState == XmlNodeIterator.START) {
+            if (type == XmlNode.Type.ELEMENT) {
+                state = START_ELEMENT;
+            } else if (type == XmlNode.Type.CHARACTERS) {
+                state = CHARACTERS;
+            } else if (type == XmlNode.Type.READER) {
+                XMLStreamReader value = current.getValue();
+                this.reader = new WrappingXMLStreamReader(value);
+                state = reader.getEventType();
+                return state;
+            }
+        }
+        return state;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * TODO implement this
+     * 
+     * @throws XMLStreamException
+     */
+    public int nextTag() throws XMLStreamException {
+        while (true) {
+            int event = next();
+            if (event == START_ELEMENT || event == END_ELEMENT) {
+                return event;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void require(int i, String ns, String localPart) throws XMLStreamException {
+        if (reader != null) {
+            reader.require(i, ns, localPart);
+            return;
+        }
+        int event = getEventType();
+        if (event != i) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Event type is " + event + " (!=" + i + ")");
+        }
+        QName name = getName();
+        String ns1 = name.getNamespaceURI();
+        String localName1 = name.getLocalPart();
+
+        if (ns != null && !ns.equals(ns1)) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Namespace URI is " + ns1 + " (!=" + ns + ")");
+        }
+
+        if (localPart != null && !localPart.equals(localName1)) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Local name is " + localName1 + " (!=" + localPart + ")");
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public boolean standaloneSet() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBinding b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBinding
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..afb00c91ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBinding
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

+# distributed with this work for additional information

+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

+# 

+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

+# 

+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an

+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the

+# specific language governing permissions and limitations

+# under the License.

+

+# implementation classes for the databindings

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.DOMDataBinding;name=org.w3c.dom.Node

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XMLStringDataBinding;name=java.lang.String

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XMLGroupDataBinding;name=databinding:group

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans.JavaBeansDataBinding;name=java:complexType

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans.SimpleJavaDataBinding;name=java:simpleType

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans.JavaExceptionDataBinding;name=java:exception

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.externalizable.ExternalizableDataBinding;name=java.io.Externalizable

diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBindingExtensionPoint b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBindingExtensionPoint
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..568e04f9de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBindingExtensionPoint
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DefaultDataBindingExtensionPoint
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Mediator b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Mediator
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e01e121aa5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Mediator
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

+# distributed with this work for additional information

+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

+#

+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

+#

+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an

+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the

+# specific language governing permissions and limitations

+# under the License.

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.MediatorImpl
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..96115be404
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

+# distributed with this work for additional information

+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

+# 

+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

+# 

+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an

+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the

+# specific language governing permissions and limitations

+# under the License.

+

+# Implementation classes for the transformers

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.InputSource2Node;source=org.xml.sax.InputSource,target=org.w3c.dom.Node,weight=80

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.InputStream2Node;source=java.io.InputStream,target=org.w3c.dom.Node,weight=80

+# org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans.DOMNode2JavaBeanTransformer;source=org.w3c.dom.Node,target=java:complexType,weight=80000

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.Node2String;source=org.w3c.dom.Node,target=java.lang.String,weight=80

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.Node2XMLStreamReader;source=org.w3c.dom.Node,target=javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader,weight=80

+# org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans.JavaBean2DOMNodeTransformer;source=java:complexType,target=org.w3c.dom.Node,weight=80000

+# org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans.JavaBean2XMLStreamReaderTransformer;source=java:complexType,target=javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader,weight=79000

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.Reader2Node;source=java.io.Reader,target=org.w3c.dom.Node,weight=80

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.SAX2DOMPipe;source=org.xml.sax.ContentHandler,target=org.w3c.dom.Node,weight=70

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.StreamDataPipe;source=java.io.OutputStream,target=java.io.InputStream,weight=90

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.String2Node;source=java.lang.String,target=org.w3c.dom.Node,weight=90

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.String2XMLStreamReader;source=java.lang.String,target=javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader,weight=90

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.Writer2ReaderDataPipe;source=java.io.Writer,target=java.io.Reader,weight=90

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XMLStreamReader2Node;source=javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader,target=org.w3c.dom.Node,weight=80

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XMLStreamReader2String;source=javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader,target=java.lang.String,weight=80

+# org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.Node2SimpleJavaType;source=org.w3c.dom.Node,target=java:simpleType,weight=80000

+# org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.SimpleJavaType2Node;source=java:simpleType,target=org.w3c.dom.Node,weight=80000

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.Source2NodeTransformer;source=javax.xml.transform.Source,target=org.w3c.dom.Node,weight=80

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.Source2StringTransformer;source=javax.xml.transform.Source,target=java.lang.String,weight=80

+

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.Node2SourceTransformer;source=org.w3c.dom.Node,target=javax.xml.transform.Source,weight=80

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.String2SourceTransformer;source=java.lang.String,target=javax.xml.transform.Source,weight=80

diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PushTransformer b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PushTransformer
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e02cd5c934
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PushTransformer
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+# Implementation classes for the transformers
+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.InputSource2SAX;source=org.xml.sax.InputSource,target=org.xml.sax.ContentHandler,weight=80
+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.InputStream2SAX;source=java.io.InputStream,target=org.xml.sax.ContentHandler,weight=80
+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.Node2OutputStream;source=org.w3c.dom.Node,target=java.io.OutputStream,weight=80
+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.Node2Writer;source=org.w3c.dom.Node,target=java.io.Writer,weight=80
+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.Reader2SAX;source=java.io.Reader,target=org.xml.sax.ContentHandler,weight=80
+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.Source2ResultTransformer;source=javax.xml.transform.Source,target=javax.xml.transform.Result,weight=80
+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.String2SAX;source=java.lang.String,target=org.xml.sax.ContentHandler,weight=80
+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XMLStreamReader2SAX;source=javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader,target=org.xml.sax.ContentHandler,weight=70
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformerExtensionPoint b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformerExtensionPoint
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7d8642fb1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformerExtensionPoint
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DefaultTransformerExtensionPoint
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/extension/DOMHelperTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/extension/DOMHelperTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8c710062ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/extension/DOMHelperTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.extension;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.DOMHelper;
+import org.w3c.dom.Document;
+import org.w3c.dom.Element;
+
+/**
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class DOMHelperTestCase extends TestCase {
+    private static final QName FOO_NAME = new QName("http://foo", "foo");
+
+    /**
+     * @see junit.framework.TestCase#setUp()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+    }
+
+    public void testDOM() throws Exception {
+        DocumentBuilder builder = DOMHelper.newDocumentBuilder();
+        assertNotNull(builder);
+        Document document = DOMHelper.newDocument();
+        assertNotNull(document);
+        Element element = DOMHelper.createElement(document, FOO_NAME);
+        document.appendChild(element);
+        QName name = DOMHelper.getQName(element);
+        assertEquals(FOO_NAME, name);
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/extension/DataBindingExtensionTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/extension/DataBindingExtensionTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f9e331fbf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/extension/DataBindingExtensionTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.extension;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBindingExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseDataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.impl.DataTypeImpl;
+import org.easymock.EasyMock;
+import org.w3c.dom.Element;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+
+/**
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class DataBindingExtensionTestCase extends TestCase {
+
+    /**
+     * @see junit.framework.TestCase#setUp()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public void testExtension() {
+        DataBinding1 binding1 = new DataBinding1(Node.class);
+        assertEquals(Node.class.getName(), binding1.getName());
+        DataType dt1 = new DataTypeImpl<Class>(Element.class, null);
+        assertTrue(binding1.introspect(dt1, null));
+        DataType dt2 = new DataTypeImpl<Class>(String.class, null);
+        assertFalse(binding1.introspect(dt2, null));
+        assertNull(binding1.getWrapperHandler());
+        
+        DataBindingExtensionPoint registry = EasyMock.createMock(DataBindingExtensionPoint.class);
+        registry.addDataBinding(binding1);
+        EasyMock.expect(registry.getDataBinding(Node.class.getName())).andReturn(binding1);
+        EasyMock.replay(registry);
+        
+        assertNotNull(registry.getDataBinding(Node.class.getName()));
+
+        DataBinding1 binding2 = new DataBinding1("dom", Node.class);
+        assertEquals("dom", binding2.getName());
+    }
+
+    private static class DataBinding1 extends BaseDataBinding {
+
+        /**
+         * @param baseType
+         */
+        public DataBinding1(Class<?> baseType) {
+            super(baseType);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @param name
+         * @param baseType
+         */
+        public DataBinding1(String name, Class<?> baseType) {
+            super(name, baseType);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/extension/SimpleTypeMapperExtensionTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/extension/SimpleTypeMapperExtensionTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..562c22354c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/extension/SimpleTypeMapperExtensionTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.extension;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContext;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.SimpleTypeMapperImpl;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.TypeInfo;
+import org.easymock.EasyMock;
+
+/**
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class SimpleTypeMapperExtensionTestCase extends TestCase {
+
+    private static final Map<String, Object> SAMPLE_VALUES = new HashMap<String, Object>();
+
+    static {
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("anyURI", "http://www.w3.com");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("boolean", new String[] {"true", "false", "1", "0"});
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("byte", new String[] {"-128", "127"});
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("date", new String[] {"2004-03-15", "2002-09-24-06:00"});
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("dateTime", "2003-12-25T08:30:00");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("decimal", "3.1415292");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("double", new String[] {"3.1415292", "INF", "NaN"});
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("duration", new String[] {"P8M3DT7H33M2S", "P5Y2M10DT15H"});
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("float", new String[] {"3.1415292", "INF", "NaN"});
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("gDay", "---11");
+        if (System.getProperty("java.vendor").toUpperCase().contains("SUN") && System.getProperty("java.version").contains("1.5.0") 
+            ||
+            System.getProperty("java.vendor").toUpperCase().contains("APPLE INC.") && System.getProperty("java.version").contains("1.5.0")) {
+
+            // Work around a bug in SUN JDK (including Mac OS JDK)
+            SAMPLE_VALUES.put("gMonth", "--02--");
+        } else {
+            SAMPLE_VALUES.put("gMonth", "--02");
+        }
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("gMonthDay", "--02-14");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("gYear", "1999");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("gYearMonth", "1972-08");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("ID", "id-102");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("IDREF", "id-102");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("IDREFS", "id-102 id-103 id-100");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("int", "77");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("integer", "77");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("long", "214");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("negativeInteger", "-123");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("nonNegativeInteger", "2");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("nonPositiveInteger", "0");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("positiveInteger", "500");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("short", "476");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("string", "Joeseph");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("time", "13:02:00");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("base64Binary", "TWFu");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("hexBinary", "2CDB5F");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("QName", "f:foo");
+        SAMPLE_VALUES.put("NOTATION", "f:bar");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see junit.framework.TestCase#setUp()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+    }
+
+    public void testMap() throws Exception {
+        SimpleTypeMapperImpl extension = new SimpleTypeMapperImpl();
+        TransformationContext context = EasyMock.createMock(TransformationContext.class);
+        Map<String, Object> metaData = new HashMap<String, Object>();
+        EasyMock.expect(context.getMetadata()).andReturn(metaData).anyTimes();
+        EasyMock.replay(context);
+
+        NamespaceContext namespaceContext = EasyMock.createMock(NamespaceContext.class);
+        EasyMock.expect(namespaceContext.getNamespaceURI(EasyMock.eq("f"))).andReturn("http://foo").anyTimes();
+        EasyMock.expect(namespaceContext.getPrefix(EasyMock.eq("http://foo"))).andReturn("f").anyTimes();
+        EasyMock.replay(namespaceContext);
+        context.getMetadata().put(NamespaceContext.class.getName(), namespaceContext);
+        for (TypeInfo simpleType : SimpleTypeMapperImpl.XSD_SIMPLE_TYPES.values()) {
+            String name = simpleType.getQName().getLocalPart();
+            Object value = SAMPLE_VALUES.get(name);
+            if (value instanceof String[]) {
+                for (String s : (String[])value) {
+                    Object obj = extension.toJavaObject(simpleType.getQName(), s, context);
+                    String str = extension.toXMLLiteral(simpleType.getQName(), obj, context);
+                    assertNotNull(str);
+                    // assertTrue("[" + name + "] " + s + " " + str,
+                    // str.contains((String) s));
+                }
+            } else if (value instanceof String) {
+                Object obj = extension.toJavaObject(simpleType.getQName(), (String)value, context);
+                String str = extension.toXMLLiteral(simpleType.getQName(), obj, context);
+                assertNotNull(str);
+                // assertTrue("[" + name + "] " + value + " " + str,
+                // str.contains((String) value));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/extension/TransformerExtensionTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/extension/TransformerExtensionTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..243ac71201
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/extension/TransformerExtensionTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.extension;
+
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Transformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformerExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.easymock.EasyMock;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+
+/**
+ * Test case for TransformerExtension
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class TransformerExtensionTestCase extends TestCase {
+
+    /**
+     * @see junit.framework.TestCase#setUp()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+    }
+
+    public void testExtension() {
+        MyTransformer transformer = new MyTransformer();
+        assertEquals(Node.class.getName(), transformer.getSourceDataBinding());
+        assertEquals(XMLStreamReader.class.getName(), transformer.getTargetDataBinding());
+        assertEquals(50, transformer.getWeight());
+        TransformerExtensionPoint registry = EasyMock.createMock(TransformerExtensionPoint.class);
+        registry.addTransformer(EasyMock.isA(Transformer.class), EasyMock.eq(true));
+        EasyMock
+                .expect(registry.getTransformer(transformer.getSourceDataBinding(), transformer.getTargetDataBinding()))
+                .andReturn(transformer);
+        EasyMock.replay(registry);
+        registry.addTransformer(transformer, true);
+        assertSame(transformer, registry.getTransformer(transformer.getSourceDataBinding(), transformer
+                .getTargetDataBinding()));
+    }
+
+    private static class MyTransformer extends BaseTransformer<Node, XMLStreamReader> {
+
+        @Override
+        protected Class<Node> getSourceType() {
+            return Node.class;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected Class<XMLStreamReader> getTargetType() {
+            return XMLStreamReader.class;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/extension/XSDDataTypeConverterTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/extension/XSDDataTypeConverterTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..07ee0b0ca4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/extension/XSDDataTypeConverterTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.extension;
+
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.XSDDataTypeConverter;
+
+/**
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class XSDDataTypeConverterTestCase extends TestCase {
+
+    /**
+     * @see junit.framework.TestCase#setUp()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+    }
+
+    public void testConvert() throws Exception {
+        XSDDataTypeConverter c = new XSDDataTypeConverter();
+        assertEquals("123", c.parseAnySimpleType(c.printAnySimpleType("123")));
+        assertEquals(true, c.parseBoolean(c.printBoolean(true)));
+        assertEquals(false, c.parseBoolean(c.printBoolean(false)));
+        assertEquals(123.0, c.parseDouble(c.printDouble(123.0)));
+        assertEquals(123.0f, c.parseFloat(c.printFloat(123.0f)));
+        assertEquals(64, c.parseByte(c.printByte((byte)64)));
+        assertEquals(123, c.parseInt(c.printInt(123)));
+        assertEquals(new BigInteger("123456"), c.parseInteger(c.printInteger(new BigInteger("123456"))));
+        assertEquals(123456L, c.parseLong(c.printLong(123456L)));
+        assertEquals((short)123, c.parseShort(c.printShort((short)123)));
+
+        Calendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar();
+        String s = c.printDate(calendar);
+        calendar = c.parseDate(s);
+        assertEquals(s, c.printDate(calendar));
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/DataBindingRegistryImplTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/DataBindingRegistryImplTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..15b9242340
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/DataBindingRegistryImplTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl;
+
+import static org.easymock.EasyMock.createMock;
+import static org.easymock.EasyMock.expect;
+import static org.easymock.EasyMock.replay;
+
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBindingExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DefaultDataBindingExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.impl.DataTypeImpl;
+import org.easymock.EasyMock;
+import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler;
+
+/**
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class DataBindingRegistryImplTestCase extends TestCase {
+    private DataBindingExtensionPoint registry;
+
+    /**
+     * @see junit.framework.TestCase#setUp()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+        registry = new DefaultDataBindingExtensionPoint();
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public void testRegistry() {
+        DataBinding db1 = createMock(DataBinding.class);
+        expect(db1.getName()).andReturn(ContentHandler.class.getName()).anyTimes();
+        DataType<Class> dataType1 = new DataTypeImpl<Class>(ContentHandler.class, ContentHandler.class);
+        expect(db1.introspect(dataType1, null)).andReturn(true);
+        expect(db1.introspect(EasyMock.not(EasyMock.same(dataType1)), (Operation) EasyMock.isNull()))
+            .andReturn(false).anyTimes();
+        replay(db1);
+
+        registry.addDataBinding(db1);
+
+        DataBinding db2 = createMock(DataBinding.class);
+        expect(db2.getName()).andReturn(XMLStreamReader.class.getName()).anyTimes();
+        DataType<Class> dataType2 = new DataTypeImpl<Class>(XMLStreamReader.class, XMLStreamReader.class);
+        expect(db2.introspect(dataType2, null)).andReturn(true);
+        expect(db2.introspect(EasyMock.not(EasyMock.same(dataType2)), (Operation) EasyMock.isNull()))
+            .andReturn(false).anyTimes();
+        replay(db2);
+
+        registry.addDataBinding(db2);
+
+        // Lookup by name
+        String name = db1.getName();
+        DataBinding db3 = registry.getDataBinding(name);
+        assertSame(db1, db3);
+
+        DataType dt = new DataTypeImpl<Class>(ContentHandler.class, null);
+        registry.introspectType(dt, null);
+        assertEquals(dataType1.getLogical(), ContentHandler.class);
+        //FIXME does not match with dynamically loaded databindings
+        //assertTrue(dt.getDataBinding().equalsIgnoreCase("java.lang.Object"));
+
+        registry.removeDataBinding(name);
+        DataBinding db4 = registry.getDataBinding(name);
+        assertNull(db4);
+
+        dt = new DataTypeImpl<Class>(null, String.class, null);
+        registry.introspectType(dt, null);
+        //FIXME does not match with dynamically loaded databindings
+        //assertEquals("java.lang.Object", dt.getDataBinding());
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/DataBindingTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/DataBindingTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7c882c0285
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/DataBindingTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+import junit.framework.Assert;
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.annotation.DataBinding;
+
+/**
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class DataBindingTestCase extends TestCase {
+    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
+    public void testDataType() throws Exception {
+        Class<Test> testClass = Test.class;
+        DataBinding d = testClass.getAnnotation(DataBinding.class);
+        Assert.assertEquals(d.value(), "sdo");
+
+        Method method = testClass.getMethod("test", new Class[] {Object.class});
+        DataBinding d2 = method.getAnnotation(DataBinding.class);
+        Assert.assertEquals(d2.value(), "jaxb");
+    }
+
+    @DataBinding("sdo")
+    private static interface Test {
+        @DataBinding("jaxb")
+        Object test(Object object);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/DirectedGraphTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/DirectedGraphTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..053e4f2a59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/DirectedGraphTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import junit.framework.Assert;
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.DirectedGraph.Edge;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.DirectedGraph.Vertex;
+
+/**
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class DirectedGraphTestCase extends TestCase {
+    private DirectedGraph<String, Object> graph;
+
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+        graph = new DirectedGraph<String, Object>();
+    }
+
+    public void testGraph() {
+        graph.addEdge("a", "b", null, 3, true);
+        graph.addEdge("b", "c", null, 1, true);
+        // graph.addEdge("a", "c", null, 8, true);
+        graph.addEdge("a", "d", null, 3, true);
+        graph.addEdge("b", "d", null, 2, true);
+        graph.addEdge("d", "c", null, 3, true);
+        graph.addEdge("c", "b", null, 1, true);
+        graph.addEdge("c", "d", null, 2, true);
+        graph.addEdge("d", "b", null, 1, true);
+        graph.addEdge("a", "e", null, 8, true);
+        graph.addEdge("c", "c", null, 2, true);
+        graph.addEdge("f", "g", null, 2, false);
+        graph.addEdge("f", "h", null, 8, true);
+        graph.addEdge("g", "j", null, 2, false);
+        graph.addEdge("j", "i", null, 2, true);
+        graph.addEdge("h", "i", null, 8, true);
+
+        Vertex vertex = graph.getVertex("a");
+        Assert.assertNotNull(vertex);
+        Assert.assertEquals(vertex.getValue(), "a");
+
+        Assert.assertNull(graph.getVertex("1"));
+
+        Edge edge = graph.getEdge("a", "b");
+        Assert.assertNotNull(edge);
+        Assert.assertEquals(edge.getWeight(), 3);
+
+        edge = graph.getEdge("b", "a");
+        Assert.assertNull(edge);
+
+        DirectedGraph<String, Object>.Path path = graph.getShortestPath("a", "c");
+
+        List<DirectedGraph<String, Object>.Edge> edges = path.getEdges();
+        Assert.assertEquals(edges.size(), 2);
+        Assert.assertEquals(edges.get(0), graph.getEdge("a", "b"));
+        Assert.assertEquals(edges.get(1), graph.getEdge("b", "c"));
+
+        Assert.assertEquals(path.getWeight(), 4);
+
+        DirectedGraph<String, Object>.Path path2 = graph.getShortestPath("b", "e");
+        Assert.assertNull(path2);
+
+        DirectedGraph<String, Object>.Path path3 = graph.getShortestPath("a", "a");
+        Assert.assertTrue(path3.getWeight() == 0 && path3.getEdges().isEmpty());
+
+        DirectedGraph<String, Object>.Path path4 = graph.getShortestPath("c", "c");
+        Assert.assertTrue(path4.getWeight() == 2 && path4.getEdges().size() == 1);
+
+        DirectedGraph<String, Object>.Path path5 = graph.getShortestPath("f", "i");
+        Assert.assertTrue(path5.getWeight() == 16 && path5.getEdges().size() == 2);
+
+    }
+
+    public void testSort() {
+        graph.addEdge("a", "b");
+        graph.addEdge("a", "c");
+        graph.addEdge("c", "d");
+        graph.addEdge("b", "c");
+        List<String> order = graph.topologicalSort(true);
+        assertEquals(Arrays.asList("a", "b", "c", "d"), order);
+        assertTrue(!graph.getVertices().isEmpty());
+
+        graph.addEdge("d", "a");
+        try {
+            order = graph.topologicalSort(true);
+            assertTrue("Should have failed", false);
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            assertTrue(true);
+        }
+
+        graph.removeEdge("d", "a");
+        order = graph.topologicalSort(false);
+        assertEquals(Arrays.asList("a", "b", "c", "d"), order);
+        assertTrue(graph.getVertices().isEmpty());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
+        super.tearDown();
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/MediatorImplTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/MediatorImplTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6cc8868397
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/MediatorImplTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl;
+
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.io.Writer;
+
+import junit.framework.Assert;
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBindingExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DefaultDataBindingExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DefaultTransformerExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformerExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.Node2String;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.Node2Writer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.SAX2DOMPipe;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.String2SAX;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.impl.DataTypeImpl;
+import org.w3c.dom.Document;
+import org.w3c.dom.Element;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+
+/**
+ * Test case for MediatorImpl
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class MediatorImplTestCase extends TestCase {
+    private static final String IPO_XML =
+        "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>" + "<ipo:purchaseOrder"
+            + "  xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\""
+            + "  xmlns:ipo=\"http://www.example.com/IPO\""
+            + "  xsi:schemaLocation=\"http://www.example.com/IPO ipo.xsd\""
+            + "  orderDate=\"1999-12-01\">"
+            + "  <shipTo exportCode=\"1\" xsi:type=\"ipo:UKAddress\">"
+            + " <name>Helen Zoe</name>"
+            + " <street>47 Eden Street</street>"
+            + " <city>Cambridge</city>"
+            + " <postcode>CB1 1JR</postcode>"
+            + "  </shipTo>"
+            + "  <billTo xsi:type=\"ipo:USAddress\">"
+            + " <name>Robert Smith</name>"
+            + " <street>8 Oak Avenue</street>"
+            + " <city>Old Town</city>"
+            + "<state>PA</state>"
+            + " <zip>95819</zip>"
+            + "  </billTo>"
+            + "  <items>"
+            + " <item partNum=\"833-AA\">"
+            + " <productName>Lapis necklace</productName>"
+            + "   <quantity>1</quantity>"
+            + "<USPrice>99.95</USPrice>"
+            + "   <ipo:comment>Want this for the holidays</ipo:comment>"
+            + "   <shipDate>1999-12-05</shipDate>"
+            + " </item>"
+            + "  </items>"
+            + "</ipo:purchaseOrder>";
+
+    private MediatorImpl mediator;
+
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+
+        DataBindingExtensionPoint dataBindingRegistry = new DefaultDataBindingExtensionPoint();
+        TransformerExtensionPoint registry = new DefaultTransformerExtensionPoint();
+
+        registry.addTransformer(new String2SAX(), true);
+        registry.addTransformer(new SAX2DOMPipe(), true);
+        registry.addTransformer(new Node2String(), true);
+        registry.addTransformer(new Node2Writer(), true);
+
+        mediator = new MediatorImpl(dataBindingRegistry, registry);
+    }
+
+    private TransformationContext createTransformationContext(Class sourceType, Class targetType) {
+        TransformationContext context = new TransformationContextImpl();
+        DataType sourceDataType = new DataTypeImpl<Class>(sourceType.getName(), sourceType, sourceType);
+        DataType targetDataType = new DataTypeImpl<Class>(targetType.getName(), targetType, targetType);
+        context.setSourceDataType(sourceDataType);
+        context.setTargetDataType(targetDataType);
+        return context;
+    }
+
+    public void testTransform1() {
+        TransformationContext context = createTransformationContext(String.class, Node.class);
+        Object node =
+            mediator.mediate(IPO_XML, context.getSourceDataType(), context.getTargetDataType(), null);
+        Assert.assertTrue(node instanceof Document);
+        Element root = ((Document)node).getDocumentElement();
+        Assert.assertEquals(root.getNamespaceURI(), "http://www.example.com/IPO");
+        Assert.assertEquals(root.getLocalName(), "purchaseOrder");
+    }
+
+    public void testTransform2() {
+        TransformationContext context = createTransformationContext(String.class, Writer.class);
+        Writer writer = new StringWriter();
+        mediator.mediate(IPO_XML, writer, context.getSourceDataType(), context.getTargetDataType(), null);
+        String str = writer.toString();
+        Assert.assertTrue(str != null && str.indexOf("<shipDate>1999-12-05</shipDate>") != -1);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/TransformerRegistryImplTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/TransformerRegistryImplTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..31c3fd4f00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/TransformerRegistryImplTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl;
+
+import static org.easymock.EasyMock.createMock;
+import static org.easymock.EasyMock.expect;
+import static org.easymock.EasyMock.replay;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import junit.framework.Assert;
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DefaultTransformerExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Transformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformerExtensionPoint;
+
+/**
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class TransformerRegistryImplTestCase extends TestCase {
+    private TransformerExtensionPoint registry;
+
+    /**
+     * @see junit.framework.TestCase#setUp()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+        registry = new DefaultTransformerExtensionPoint();
+    }
+
+    public void testRegisterTransformer1() {
+        Transformer transformer = createMock(Transformer.class);
+        registry.addTransformer("a", "b", 10, transformer, true);
+        Transformer t = registry.getTransformer("a", "b");
+        Assert.assertSame(t, transformer);
+    }
+
+    public void testRegisterTransformerTransformer() {
+        Transformer transformer = createMock(Transformer.class);
+        expect(transformer.getSourceDataBinding()).andReturn("a");
+        expect(transformer.getTargetDataBinding()).andReturn("b");
+        expect(transformer.getWeight()).andReturn(10);
+        replay(transformer);
+        registry.addTransformer(transformer, true);
+        Transformer t = registry.getTransformer("a", "b");
+        Assert.assertSame(t, transformer);
+    }
+
+    public void testUnregisterTransformer() {
+        Transformer transformer = createMock(Transformer.class);
+        registry.addTransformer("a", "b", 10, transformer, true);
+        boolean result = registry.removeTransformer("a", "b");
+        Assert.assertTrue(result);
+        Transformer t = registry.getTransformer("a", "b");
+        Assert.assertNull(t);
+    }
+
+    public void testGetTransformerChain() {
+        Transformer t1 = createMock(Transformer.class);
+        expect(t1.getSourceDataBinding()).andReturn("a");
+        expect(t1.getTargetDataBinding()).andReturn("b");
+        expect(t1.getWeight()).andReturn(10);
+        replay(t1);
+        Transformer t2 = createMock(Transformer.class);
+        expect(t2.getSourceDataBinding()).andReturn("b");
+        expect(t2.getTargetDataBinding()).andReturn("c");
+        expect(t2.getWeight()).andReturn(20);
+        replay(t2);
+
+        Transformer t3 = createMock(Transformer.class);
+        expect(t3.getSourceDataBinding()).andReturn("a");
+        expect(t3.getTargetDataBinding()).andReturn("c");
+        expect(t3.getWeight()).andReturn(120);
+        replay(t3);
+
+        registry.addTransformer(t1, true);
+        registry.addTransformer(t2, true);
+        registry.addTransformer(t3, true);
+
+        List<Transformer> l1 = registry.getTransformerChain("a", "b");
+        Assert.assertTrue(l1.size() == 1 && l1.get(0) == t1);
+        List<Transformer> l2 = registry.getTransformerChain("a", "c");
+        Assert.assertTrue(l2.size() == 1 && l2.get(0) == t3);
+        List<Transformer> l3 = registry.getTransformerChain("a", "d");
+        Assert.assertNull(l3);
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/XMLDocumentStreamReaderTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/XMLDocumentStreamReaderTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dd3d000798
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/XMLDocumentStreamReaderTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl;
+
+import java.io.StringReader;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLInputFactory;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamConstants;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+import junit.framework.Assert;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XMLDocumentStreamReader;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XMLStreamReader2String;
+
+/**
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class XMLDocumentStreamReaderTestCase {
+    private static final String xml = "<e1><e2 a2=\"a2\"><e4>E4</e4></e2><e3 a3=\"a3\"/></e1>";
+
+    @org.junit.Test
+    public void testReader() throws Exception {
+        XMLInputFactory factory = XMLInputFactory.newInstance();
+        XMLStreamReader r1 = factory.createXMLStreamReader(new StringReader(xml));
+        XMLDocumentStreamReader r2 = new XMLDocumentStreamReader(r1);
+        XMLStreamReader2String t1 = new XMLStreamReader2String();
+        String result = t1.transform(r2, null);
+        System.out.println(result);
+        XMLStreamReader r3 = factory.createXMLStreamReader(new StringReader(xml));
+        r3.nextTag();
+        r3.nextTag();
+        Assert.assertEquals(XMLStreamConstants.START_ELEMENT, r3.getEventType());
+        Assert.assertEquals(new QName(null, "e2"), r3.getName());
+        XMLDocumentStreamReader r4 = new XMLDocumentStreamReader(r3);
+        result = t1.transform(r4, null);
+        System.out.println(result);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/BeanXMLStreamReaderTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/BeanXMLStreamReaderTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bdc9690285
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/BeanXMLStreamReaderTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.custommonkey.xmlunit.Diff;
+
+/**
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class BeanXMLStreamReaderTestCase extends TestCase {
+    private static final String XML_RESULT =
+        "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>" + "<MyBean xmlns=\"http://xml.databinding.sca.tuscany.apache.org/\">"
+            + "<arr>1</arr><arr>2</arr><arr>3</arr><bean><name>Name</name></bean><i>1</i>"
+            + "<list>Item1</list><list>Item2</list>"
+            + "<map><entry><key>key1</key><value>value1</value></entry>"
+            + "<entry><key>key2</key><value>value2</value></entry></map>"
+            + "<nil xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xsi:nil=\"true\" />"
+            + "<str>ABC</str></MyBean>";
+
+    // The map entries can come in a different order
+    private static final String XML_RESULT1 =
+        "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>" + "<MyBean xmlns=\"http://xml.databinding.sca.tuscany.apache.org/\">"
+            + "<arr>1</arr><arr>2</arr><arr>3</arr><bean><name>Name</name></bean><i>1</i>"
+            + "<list>Item1</list><list>Item2</list>"
+            + "<map><entry><key>key2</key><value>value2</value></entry>"
+            + "<entry><key>key1</key><value>value1</value></entry></map>"
+            + "<nil xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xsi:nil=\"true\" />"
+            + "<str>ABC</str></MyBean>";
+
+    /**
+     * @see junit.framework.TestCase#setUp()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+    }
+
+    public void testTransformation() throws Exception {
+        MyBean bean = new MyBean();
+        bean.str = "ABC";
+        bean.i = 1;
+        bean.arr = new long[] {1, 2, 3};
+        bean.bean = new AnotherBean();
+        bean.bean.setName("Name");
+        bean.list.add("Item1");
+        bean.list.add("Item2");
+        bean.map.put("key1", "value1");
+        bean.map.put("key2", "value2");
+        XMLStreamReader reader = new BeanXMLStreamReaderImpl(null, bean);
+        XMLStreamReader2String t3 = new XMLStreamReader2String();
+        String xml = t3.transform(reader, null);
+        Diff diff = new Diff(XML_RESULT, xml);
+        Diff diff1 = new Diff(XML_RESULT1, xml);
+        assertTrue(diff.similar() || diff1.similar());
+    }
+
+    private static class MyBean {
+        private long arr[];
+        private String str;
+        private int i;
+        private String nil;
+        private List<String> list = new ArrayList();
+        private AnotherBean bean;
+        private Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
+
+        /**
+         * @return the i
+         */
+        public int getI() {
+            return i;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @param i the i to set
+         */
+        public void setI(int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @return the arr
+         */
+        public long[] getArr() {
+            return arr;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @param arr the arr to set
+         */
+        public void setArr(long[] arr) {
+            this.arr = arr;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @return the str
+         */
+        public String getStr() {
+            return str;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @param str the str to set
+         */
+        public void setStr(String str) {
+            this.str = str;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @return the bean
+         */
+        public AnotherBean getBean() {
+            return bean;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @param bean the bean to set
+         */
+        public void setBean(AnotherBean bean) {
+            this.bean = bean;
+        }
+
+        public List<String> getList() {
+            return list;
+        }
+
+        public void setList(List<String> list) {
+            this.list = list;
+        }
+
+        public String getNil() {
+            return nil;
+        }
+
+        public void setNil(String nil) {
+            this.nil = nil;
+        }
+
+        public Map<String, String> getMap() {
+            return map;
+        }
+
+        public void setMap(Map<String, String> map) {
+            this.map = map;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static class AnotherBean {
+        private String name;
+
+        /**
+         * @return the name
+         */
+        public String getName() {
+            return name;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @param name the name to set
+         */
+        public void setName(String name) {
+            this.name = name;
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DOM2StAXTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DOM2StAXTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e9dabcea7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DOM2StAXTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.custommonkey.xmlunit.XMLAssert;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+
+/**
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class DOM2StAXTestCase extends TestCase {
+    private static final String IPO_XML =
+        "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>" + "<ipo:purchaseOrder"
+            + "  xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\""
+            + "  xmlns:ipo=\"http://www.example.com/IPO\""
+            + "  xsi:schemaLocation=\"http://www.example.com/IPO ipo.xsd\""
+            + "  orderDate=\"1999-12-01\">"
+            + "  <shipTo exportCode=\"1\" xsi:type=\"ipo:UKAddress\">"
+            + "    <name>Helen Zoe</name>"
+            + "    <street>47 Eden Street</street>"
+            + "    <city>Cambridge</city>"
+            + "    <postcode>CB1 1JR</postcode>"
+            + "  </shipTo>"
+            + "  <billTo xsi:type=\"ipo:USAddress\">"
+            + "    <name>Robert Smith</name>"
+            + "    <street>8 Oak Avenue</street>"
+            + "    <city>Old Town</city>"
+            + "    <state>PA</state>"
+            + "    <zip>95819</zip>"
+            + "  </billTo>"
+            + "  <items>"
+            + "    <item partNum=\"833-AA\">"
+            + "      <productName>Lapis necklace</productName>"
+            + "      <quantity>1</quantity>"
+            + "      <USPrice>99.95</USPrice>"
+            + "      <ipo:comment>Want this for the holidays</ipo:comment>"
+            + "      <shipDate>1999-12-05</shipDate>"
+            + "    </item>"
+            + "  </items>"
+            + "</ipo:purchaseOrder>";
+
+    private static final String CRAZY_XML =
+        "<p:e1 xmlns=\"http://ns0\" xmlns:p=\"http://p1\">" + "<p:e2 xmlns:p=\"http://p2\"/><e3/><e4 xmlns=\"\">E4</e4></p:e1>";
+
+    /**
+     * @see junit.framework.TestCase#setUp()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+    }
+
+    public void testTransformation() throws Exception {
+        String2Node t1 = new String2Node();
+        Node node = t1.transform(IPO_XML, null);
+        Node2XMLStreamReader t2 = new Node2XMLStreamReader();
+        XMLStreamReader reader = t2.transform(node, null);
+        XMLStreamReader2String t3 = new XMLStreamReader2String();
+        String xml = t3.transform(reader, null);
+        XMLAssert.assertXMLEqual(IPO_XML, xml);
+        // assertTrue(xml != null && xml.indexOf("<shipDate>1999-12-05</shipDate>") != -1);
+    }
+
+    public void testTransformation2() throws Exception {
+        String2Node t1 = new String2Node();
+        Node node = t1.transform(CRAZY_XML, null);
+        Node2XMLStreamReader t2 = new Node2XMLStreamReader();
+        XMLStreamReader reader = t2.transform(node, null);
+        XMLStreamReader2String t3 = new XMLStreamReader2String();
+        String xml = t3.transform(reader, null);
+        // System.out.println(xml);
+        XMLAssert.assertXMLEqual(CRAZY_XML, xml);
+        assertTrue(xml.contains("<p:e2 xmlns:p=\"http://p2\""));
+    }
+
+    public void testTransformation3() throws Exception {
+        String2Node t1 = new String2Node();
+        Node node = t1.transform(IPO_XML, null);
+        DOMXmlNodeImpl element = new DOMXmlNodeImpl(node);
+        XmlTreeStreamReaderImpl reader = new XmlTreeStreamReaderImpl(element);
+        XMLStreamReader2String t3 = new XMLStreamReader2String();
+        String xml = t3.transform(reader, null);
+        XMLAssert.assertXMLEqual(IPO_XML, xml);
+        // assertTrue(xml != null && xml.indexOf("<shipDate>1999-12-05</shipDate>") != -1);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DataPipeTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DataPipeTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f3b37c86db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/DataPipeTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.io.Reader;
+import java.io.Writer;
+
+import junit.framework.Assert;
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataPipe;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataPipeTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.DOMHelper;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.PipedTransformer;
+import org.w3c.dom.Document;
+import org.w3c.dom.Element;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+
+/**
+ * Test case for DataPipe
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class DataPipeTestCase extends TestCase {
+
+    public final void testStreamPipe() throws IOException {
+        byte[] bytes = new byte[] {1, 2, 3};
+        DataPipeTransformer<OutputStream, InputStream> pipe = new StreamDataPipe();
+        DataPipe<OutputStream, InputStream> dataPipe = pipe.newInstance();
+        OutputStream os = dataPipe.getSink();
+        os.write(bytes);
+        byte[] newBytes = new byte[16];
+        int count = dataPipe.getResult().read(newBytes);
+        Assert.assertEquals(3, count);
+        for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
+            Assert.assertEquals(bytes[i], newBytes[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public final void testWriter2ReaderPipe() throws IOException {
+        String str = "ABC";
+        Writer2ReaderDataPipe pipe = new Writer2ReaderDataPipe();
+        Assert.assertSame(Writer.class, pipe.getSourceType());
+        Assert.assertSame(Reader.class, pipe.getTargetType());
+        DataPipe<Writer, Reader> dataPipe = pipe.newInstance();
+        dataPipe.getSink().write(str);
+        char[] buf = new char[16];
+        int count = dataPipe.getResult().read(buf);
+        Assert.assertEquals(3, count);
+        for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
+            Assert.assertEquals(str.charAt(i), buf[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public final void testPiped() throws Exception {
+        Node2Writer node2Writer = new Node2Writer();
+        Writer2ReaderDataPipe pipe = new Writer2ReaderDataPipe();
+        PipedTransformer<Node, Writer, Reader> transformer =
+            new PipedTransformer<Node, Writer, Reader>(node2Writer, pipe);
+        Document document = DOMHelper.newDocument();
+        Element element = document.createElementNS("http://ns1", "root");
+        document.appendChild(element);
+        Reader reader = transformer.transform(document, null);
+        Assert.assertEquals(transformer.getWeight(), node2Writer.getWeight() + pipe.getWeight());
+        Assert.assertEquals(transformer.getSourceDataBinding(), node2Writer.getSourceDataBinding());
+        Assert.assertEquals(transformer.getTargetDataBinding(), pipe.getTargetDataBinding());
+        char[] buf = new char[120];
+        int count = reader.read(buf);
+        String xml = new String(buf, 0, count);
+        Assert.assertTrue(xml.contains("<root xmlns=\"http://ns1\"/>"));
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/JavaBean2XMLStreamReaderTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/JavaBean2XMLStreamReaderTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3a287a5bb7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/JavaBean2XMLStreamReaderTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans.JavaBean2XMLStreamReaderTransformer;
+import org.custommonkey.xmlunit.XMLAssert;
+
+/**
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class JavaBean2XMLStreamReaderTestCase extends TestCase {
+    private static final String XML_RESULT =
+        "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>" 
+            + "<MyBean xmlns=\"http://xml.databinding.sca.tuscany.apache.org/\">"
+            + "<arr>1</arr><arr>2</arr><arr>3</arr><bean><name>Name</name></bean><i>1</i><str>ABC</str>"
+            + "</MyBean>";
+
+    /**
+     * @see junit.framework.TestCase#setUp()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+    }
+
+    public void testTransformation() throws Exception {
+        JavaBean2XMLStreamReaderTransformer t2 = new JavaBean2XMLStreamReaderTransformer();
+        MyBean bean = new MyBean();
+        bean.str = "ABC";
+        bean.i = 1;
+        bean.arr = new long[] {1, 2, 3};
+        bean.bean = new AnotherBean();
+        bean.bean.setName("Name");
+        XMLStreamReader reader = t2.transform(bean, null);
+        XMLStreamReader2String t3 = new XMLStreamReader2String();
+        String xml = t3.transform(reader, null);
+        XMLAssert.assertXMLEqual(XML_RESULT, xml);
+
+    }
+
+    private static class MyBean {
+        private String str;
+        private int i;
+        private long arr[];
+        private AnotherBean bean;
+
+        /**
+         * @return the arr
+         */
+        public long[] getArr() {
+            return arr;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @param arr the arr to set
+         */
+        public void setArr(long[] arr) {
+            this.arr = arr;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @return the i
+         */
+        public int getI() {
+            return i;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @param i the i to set
+         */
+        public void setI(int i) {
+            this.i = i;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @return the str
+         */
+        public String getStr() {
+            return str;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @param str the str to set
+         */
+        public void setStr(String str) {
+            this.str = str;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @return the bean
+         */
+        public AnotherBean getBean() {
+            return bean;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @param bean the bean to set
+         */
+        public void setBean(AnotherBean bean) {
+            this.bean = bean;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    private static class AnotherBean {
+        private String name;
+
+        /**
+         * @return the name
+         */
+        public String getName() {
+            return name;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @param name the name to set
+         */
+        public void setName(String name) {
+            this.name = name;
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2StringTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2StringTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cc1f9375c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/Node2StringTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.DOMHelper;
+import org.w3c.dom.Document;
+import org.w3c.dom.Element;
+
+/**
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class Node2StringTestCase extends TestCase {
+    public void testTransformation() throws Exception {
+        Document document = DOMHelper.newDocument();
+        Element element = document.createElementNS("http://ns1", "test");
+        document.appendChild(element);
+
+        new Node2String().transform(document, null);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/PushTransformationTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/PushTransformationTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5ae0616577
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/PushTransformationTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+import junit.framework.Assert;
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.PipedTransformer;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler;
+
+/**
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class PushTransformationTestCase extends TestCase {
+    private static final String IPO_XML =
+        "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>" + "<ipo:purchaseOrder"
+            + "  xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\""
+            + "  xmlns:ipo=\"http://www.example.com/IPO\""
+            + "  xsi:schemaLocation=\"http://www.example.com/IPO ipo.xsd\""
+            + "  orderDate=\"1999-12-01\">"
+            + "  <shipTo exportCode=\"1\" xsi:type=\"ipo:UKAddress\">"
+            + "    <name>Helen Zoe</name>"
+            + "    <street>47 Eden Street</street>"
+            + "    <city>Cambridge</city>"
+            + "    <postcode>CB1 1JR</postcode>"
+            + "  </shipTo>"
+            + "  <billTo xsi:type=\"ipo:USAddress\">"
+            + "    <name>Robert Smith</name>"
+            + "    <street>8 Oak Avenue</street>"
+            + "    <city>Old Town</city>"
+            + "    <state>PA</state>"
+            + "    <zip>95819</zip>"
+            + "  </billTo>"
+            + "  <items>"
+            + "    <item partNum=\"833-AA\">"
+            + "      <productName>Lapis necklace</productName>"
+            + "      <quantity>1</quantity>"
+            + "      <USPrice>99.95</USPrice>"
+            + "      <ipo:comment>Want this for the holidays</ipo:comment>"
+            + "      <shipDate>1999-12-05</shipDate>"
+            + "    </item>"
+            + "  </items>"
+            + "</ipo:purchaseOrder>";
+
+    /**
+     * @see junit.framework.TestCase#setUp()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+    }
+
+    public void testTransformation() {
+        String2XMLStreamReader t1 = new String2XMLStreamReader();
+        XMLStreamReader reader = t1.transform(IPO_XML, null);
+        XMLStreamReader2SAX t2 = new XMLStreamReader2SAX();
+        PipedTransformer<XMLStreamReader, ContentHandler, Node> t3 =
+            new PipedTransformer<XMLStreamReader, ContentHandler, Node>(t2, new SAX2DOMPipe());
+        Node node = t3.transform(reader, null);
+        Assert.assertNotNull(node);
+        Node2String t4 = new Node2String();
+        String xml = t4.transform(node, null);
+        Assert.assertTrue(xml != null && xml.indexOf("<shipDate>1999-12-05</shipDate>") != -1);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/StAXHelperTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/StAXHelperTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9ca490f2d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/StAXHelperTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.custommonkey.xmlunit.XMLAssert;
+
+/**
+ * Test Case for StAXHelper
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class StAXHelperTestCase extends TestCase {
+    private static final String XML =
+        "<a:foo xmlns:a='http://a' name='foo'><bar name='bar'>" 
+            + "<doo a:name='doo' xmlns:a='http://doo'/>"
+            + "</bar></a:foo>";
+
+    /**
+     * @see junit.framework.TestCase#setUp()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+    }
+
+    public void testHelper() throws Exception {
+        XMLStreamReader reader = StAXHelper.createXMLStreamReader(XML);
+        String xml = StAXHelper.save(reader);
+        XMLAssert.assertXMLEqual(XML, xml);
+        reader = StAXHelper.createXMLStreamReader(xml);
+        assertNotNull(reader);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/TraxTransformerTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/TraxTransformerTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ff6f8c1406
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/TraxTransformerTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.StringReader;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.io.Writer;
+import java.net.URL;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
+import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
+import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
+import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
+
+/**
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class TraxTransformerTestCase extends TestCase {
+    private URL url;
+
+    /**
+     * @see junit.framework.TestCase#setUp()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+        url = getClass().getResource("foo.xml");
+    }
+
+    public void testTransformDOM() throws IOException {
+        InputStream is = url.openStream();
+        InputStream2Node t1 = new InputStream2Node();
+        Node node = t1.transform(is, null);
+        is.close();
+        Writer writer = new StringWriter();
+        Node2Writer t2 = new Node2Writer();
+        t2.transform(node, writer, null);
+        String str = writer.toString();
+        StringReader reader = new StringReader(str);
+        Reader2Node t3 = new Reader2Node();
+        node = t3.transform(reader, null);
+        ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        Node2OutputStream t4 = new Node2OutputStream();
+        t4.transform(node, os, null);
+        InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(new ByteArrayInputStream(os.toByteArray()));
+        InputSource2Node t5 = new InputSource2Node();
+        node = t5.transform(inputSource, null);
+    }
+
+    public void testTransformSAX() throws IOException {
+        MyContentHandler handler = new MyContentHandler();
+        InputStream is = url.openStream();
+        InputStream2SAX t1 = new InputStream2SAX();
+        t1.transform(is, handler, null);
+        is.close();
+
+        String xml = "<foo xmlns=\"http://foo\">bar</foo>";
+
+        InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(new StringReader(xml));
+        InputSource2SAX t2 = new InputSource2SAX();
+        MyContentHandler handler2 = new MyContentHandler();
+        t2.transform(inputSource, handler2, null);
+
+    }
+
+    private static class MyContentHandler extends DefaultHandler {
+
+        @Override
+        public void startElement(String namespaceURI, String localName, String qName, Attributes atts)
+            throws SAXException {
+            super.startElement(namespaceURI, localName, qName, atts);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XmlTreeStreamReaderTestCase.java b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XmlTreeStreamReaderTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0463e7d9f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/XmlTreeStreamReaderTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml;
+
+import java.io.StringReader;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLInputFactory;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+
+import junit.framework.Assert;
+
+import org.custommonkey.xmlunit.XMLAssert;
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+/**
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class XmlTreeStreamReaderTestCase {
+    private static final String IPO_XML =
+        "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>" + "<ipo:purchaseOrder"
+            + "  xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\""
+            + "  xmlns:ipo=\"http://www.example.com/IPO\""
+            + "  xsi:schemaLocation=\"http://www.example.com/IPO ipo.xsd\""
+            + "  orderDate=\"1999-12-01\">"
+            + "  <shipTo exportCode=\"1\" xsi:type=\"ipo:UKAddress\">"
+            + "    <name>Helen Zoe</name>"
+            + "    <street>47 Eden Street</street>"
+            + "    <city>Cambridge</city>"
+            + "    <postcode>CB1 1JR</postcode>"
+            + "  </shipTo>"
+            + "  <billTo xsi:type=\"ipo:USAddress\">"
+            + "    <name>Robert Smith</name>"
+            + "    <street>8 Oak Avenue</street>"
+            + "    <city>Old Town</city>"
+            + "    <state>PA</state>"
+            + "    <zip>95819</zip>"
+            + "  </billTo>"
+            + "  <items>"
+            + "    <item partNum=\"833-AA\">"
+            + "      <productName>Lapis necklace</productName>"
+            + "      <quantity>1</quantity>"
+            + "      <USPrice>99.95</USPrice>"
+            + "      <ipo:comment>Want this for the holidays</ipo:comment>"
+            + "      <shipDate>1999-12-05</shipDate>"
+            + "    </item>"
+            + "  </items>"
+            + "</ipo:purchaseOrder>";
+
+    private static final String XML_RESULT =
+        "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>" + "<p1:e1 xmlns:p1=\"http://ns\">"
+            + "<p2:e11 xmlns:p2=\"http://ns1\">MyText</p2:e11>"
+            + "<p1:e12><p1:e121 /></p1:e12>"
+            + "<ipo:purchaseOrder xmlns:ipo=\"http://www.example.com/IPO\" "
+            + "xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" "
+            + "xsi:schemaLocation=\"http://www.example.com/IPO ipo.xsd\" orderDate=\"1999-12-01\">  "
+            + "<shipTo exportCode=\"1\" xsi:type=\"ipo:UKAddress\">    "
+            + "<name>Helen Zoe</name>    <street>47 Eden Street</street>    "
+            + "<city>Cambridge</city>    <postcode>CB1 1JR</postcode>  </shipTo>  "
+            + "<billTo xsi:type=\"ipo:USAddress\">    <name>Robert Smith</name>    "
+            + "<street>8 Oak Avenue</street>    <city>Old Town</city>    <state>PA</state>    "
+            + "<zip>95819</zip>  </billTo>  <items>    <item partNum=\"833-AA\">      "
+            + "<productName>Lapis necklace</productName>      <quantity>1</quantity>      "
+            + "<USPrice>99.95</USPrice>      <ipo:comment>Want this for the holidays</ipo:comment>      "
+            + "<shipDate>1999-12-05</shipDate>    </item>  </items></ipo:purchaseOrder></p1:e1>";
+    private XmlNodeImpl root;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() throws Exception {
+        root = new XmlNodeImpl();
+        root.name = new QName("http://ns", "e1", "p1");
+
+        XmlNodeImpl e11 = new XmlNodeImpl();
+        e11.name = new QName("http://ns1", "e11", "p2");
+
+        XmlNodeImpl e12 = new XmlNodeImpl();
+        e12.name = new QName("http://ns", "e12");
+
+        root.children.add(e11);
+        root.children.add(e12);
+
+        XmlNodeImpl e121 = new XmlNodeImpl();
+        e121.name = new QName("http://ns", "e121");
+        e12.children.add(e121);
+
+        XmlNodeImpl e111 = new XmlNodeImpl();
+        e111.value = "MyText";
+        e11.children.add(e111);
+
+        XmlNodeImpl e13 = new XmlNodeImpl();
+        e13.value = XMLInputFactory.newInstance().createXMLStreamReader(new StringReader(IPO_XML));
+        root.children.add(e13);
+
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIterator() {
+        List<QName> elements = new ArrayList<QName>();
+        XmlNodeIterator i = new XmlNodeIterator(root);
+        for (; i.hasNext();) {
+            XmlNode e = i.next();
+            elements.add(e.getName());
+        }
+        // System.out.println(elements);
+        QName[] names =
+            {new QName("http://ns", "e1"), new QName("http://ns1", "e11"), null, null, new QName("http://ns1", "e11"),
+             new QName("http://ns", "e12"), new QName("http://ns", "e121"), new QName("http://ns", "e121"),
+             new QName("http://ns", "e12"), null, null, new QName("http://ns", "e1")};
+        Assert.assertEquals(Arrays.asList(names), elements);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testReader() throws Exception {
+        XmlTreeStreamReaderImpl reader = new XmlTreeStreamReaderImpl(root);
+        XMLStreamReader2String t = new XMLStreamReader2String();
+        String xml = t.transform(reader, null);
+        XMLAssert.assertXMLEqual(XML_RESULT, xml);
+    }
+
+    private static class XmlNodeImpl implements XmlNode {
+        private List<XmlNode> children = new ArrayList<XmlNode>();
+        private List<XmlNode> attrs = new ArrayList<XmlNode>();
+        private Map<String, String> namespaces = new HashMap<String, String>();
+        private QName name;
+        private Object value = "123";
+
+        /**
+         * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XmlNode#attributes()
+         */
+        public List<XmlNode> attributes() {
+            return attrs;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XmlNode#children()
+         */
+        public Iterator<XmlNode> children() {
+            return children.iterator();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XmlNode#getName()
+         */
+        public QName getName() {
+            return name;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XmlNode#getValue()
+         */
+        public <T> T getValue() {
+            return (T)value;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XmlNode#namespaces()
+         */
+        public Map<String, String> namespaces() {
+            return namespaces;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return String.valueOf(name);
+        }
+
+        public Type getType() {
+            if (value instanceof XMLStreamReader) {
+                return Type.READER;
+            }
+            return name == null ? Type.CHARACTERS : Type.ELEMENT;
+        }
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/resources/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/ipo.xsd b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/resources/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/ipo.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..92a576fb98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/resources/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/ipo.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+<!--
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+-->
+<schema targetNamespace="http://www.example.com/IPO"
+	xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
+	xmlns:ipo="http://www.example.com/IPO">
+
+	<annotation>
+		<documentation xml:lang="en">
+			International Purchase order schema for Example.com
+			Copyright 2000 Example.com. All rights reserved.
+		</documentation>
+	</annotation>
+
+
+	<element name="purchaseOrder" type="ipo:PurchaseOrderType" />
+
+	<element name="comment" type="string" />
+
+	<complexType name="PurchaseOrderType">
+		<sequence>
+			<element name="shipTo" type="ipo:Address" />
+			<element name="billTo" type="ipo:Address" />
+			<element ref="ipo:comment" minOccurs="0" />
+			<element name="items" type="ipo:Items" />
+		</sequence>
+		<attribute name="orderDate" type="date" />
+	</complexType>
+
+	<complexType name="Items">
+		<sequence>
+			<element name="item" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
+				<complexType>
+					<sequence>
+						<element name="productName" type="string" />
+						<element name="quantity">
+							<simpleType>
+								<restriction base="positiveInteger">
+									<maxExclusive value="100" />
+								</restriction>
+							</simpleType>
+						</element>
+						<element name="USPrice" type="decimal" />
+						<element ref="ipo:comment" minOccurs="0" />
+						<element name="shipDate" type="date"
+							minOccurs="0" />
+					</sequence>
+					<attribute name="partNum" type="ipo:SKU"
+						use="required" />
+				</complexType>
+			</element>
+		</sequence>
+	</complexType>
+
+	<simpleType name="SKU">
+		<restriction base="string">
+			<pattern value="\d{3}-[A-Z]{2}" />
+		</restriction>
+	</simpleType>
+
+	<complexType name="Address">
+		<sequence>
+			<element name="name" type="string" />
+			<element name="street" type="string" />
+			<element name="city" type="string" />
+		</sequence>
+	</complexType>
+
+	<complexType name="USAddress">
+		<complexContent>
+			<extension base="ipo:Address">
+				<sequence>
+					<element name="state" type="ipo:USState" />
+					<element name="zip" type="positiveInteger" />
+				</sequence>
+			</extension>
+		</complexContent>
+	</complexType>
+
+	<complexType name="UKAddress">
+		<complexContent>
+			<extension base="ipo:Address">
+				<sequence>
+					<element name="postcode" type="ipo:UKPostcode" />
+				</sequence>
+				<attribute name="exportCode" type="positiveInteger"
+					fixed="1" />
+			</extension>
+		</complexContent>
+	</complexType>
+
+	<!-- other Address derivations for more countries -->
+
+	<simpleType name="USState">
+		<restriction base="string">
+			<enumeration value="AK" />
+			<enumeration value="AL" />
+			<enumeration value="AR" />
+			<enumeration value="CA" />
+			<enumeration value="PA" />
+			<!-- and so on ... -->
+		</restriction>
+	</simpleType>
+
+	<simpleType name="Postcode">
+		<restriction base="string">
+			<length value="7" fixed="true" />
+		</restriction>
+	</simpleType>
+
+
+	<simpleType name="UKPostcode">
+		<restriction base="ipo:Postcode">
+			<pattern value="[A-Z]{2}\d\s\d[A-Z]{2}" />
+		</restriction>
+	</simpleType>
+
+
+
+</schema>
+
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/resources/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/order.wsdl b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/resources/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/order.wsdl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..100890e10b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/resources/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/impl/order.wsdl
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>

+<!--

+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

+ * distributed with this work for additional information

+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

+ *

+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

+ *

+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an

+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the

+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations

+ * under the License.

+-->

+<definitions name="StockQuote" targetNamespace="http://example.com/order.wsdl" xmlns:tns="http://example.com/order.wsdl"

+    xmlns:xsd1="http://example.com/order.xsd" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"

+    xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">

+

+    <types>

+        <schema targetNamespace="http://example.com/order.xsd" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"

+            xmlns:ipo="http://www.example.com/IPO">

+            <import namespace="http://www.example.com/IPO" schemaLocation="ipo.xsd"/>

+            <element name="checkOrderStatus">

+                <complexType>

+                    <sequence>

+                        <element name="customerId" type="string" />

+                        <element name="order" type="ipo:PurchaseOrderType" />

+                        <element name="flag" type="int" />

+                    </sequence>

+                </complexType>

+            </element>

+            <element name="checkOrderStatusResponse">

+                <complexType>

+                    <sequence>

+                        <element name="status" type="string" />

+                    </sequence>

+                </complexType>

+            </element>

+            <element name="note" type="string" />

+        </schema>

+    </types>

+

+    <message name="CheckOrderStatusInput1">

+        <part name="body" element="xsd1:checkOrderStatus" />

+    </message>

+

+    <message name="CheckOrderStatusOutput1">

+        <part name="body" element="xsd1:checkOrderStatusResponse" />

+    </message>

+

+    <message name="CheckOrderStatusInput2">

+        <part name="p1" element="xsd1:checkOrderStatus" />

+        <part name="p2" element="xsd1:note" />

+    </message>

+

+    <message name="CheckOrderStatusOutput2">

+        <part name="p1" element="xsd1:checkOrderStatusResponse" />

+    </message>

+

+    <portType name="OrderPortType">

+        <operation name="checkOrderStatus">

+            <input message="tns:CheckOrderStatusInput1" />

+            <output message="tns:CheckOrderStatusOutput1" />

+        </operation>

+        <operation name="checkOrderStatus2">

+            <input message="tns:CheckOrderStatusInput2" />

+            <output message="tns:CheckOrderStatusOutput2" />

+        </operation>

+    </portType>

+

+</definitions>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/resources/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/foo.xml b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/resources/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/foo.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0ba8ade1e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sca-java-1.x/branches/sca-java-1.5.1/modules/databinding/src/test/resources/org/apache/tuscany/sca/databinding/xml/foo.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+-->
+<f:foo xmlns:f="http://foo" name="foo">
+    <b:bar xmlns:b="http://bar">bar</b:bar>
+</f:foo>    
\ No newline at end of file