mariadb/mysql-test/t/parser.test
unknown 660e91b19b Bug#28317 Left Outer Join with {oj outer-join}
Parser rejects ODBC's escape sequences for outer joins other
than left outer join, yet the escape sequence BNF specifies
that this syntax can be used for left, right, and full outer
join syntax.

The problem is that although the MySQL Connector/ODBC advertises
"Outer Join Escape Sequence" capabilities, the parsing is done
in the server and historically it only supported this syntax
for left outer joins and applications such as Crystal Reports
11 tries to use this syntax for inner joins.

The chosen solution is to reorganize a couple of parser rules
to ignore any kind of SQL escape sequence. Ignoring the escape
sequences is harmless because the various SQL join clauses
are supported by the server.


mysql-test/r/parser.result:
  Add test case result for Bug#28317
mysql-test/t/parser.test:
  Add test case for Bug#28317
sql/sql_yacc.yy:
  Reorganize rules in order to ignore SQL Escape Sequences
2007-12-19 20:59:57 -02:00

679 lines
17 KiB
Text

#
# This file contains tests covering the parser
#
#=============================================================================
# LEXICAL PARSER (lex)
#=============================================================================
SET @save_sql_mode=@@sql_mode;
#
# Documenting the current behavior, to detect incompatible changes.
# In each cases:
# - no error is the correct result
# - an error is the expected result with the current implementation,
# and is a limitation.
set SQL_MODE='';
create table ADDDATE(a int);
drop table ADDDATE;
create table ADDDATE (a int);
drop table ADDDATE;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table BIT_AND(a int);
create table BIT_AND (a int);
drop table BIT_AND;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table BIT_OR(a int);
create table BIT_OR (a int);
drop table BIT_OR;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table BIT_XOR(a int);
create table BIT_XOR (a int);
drop table BIT_XOR;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table CAST(a int);
create table CAST (a int);
drop table CAST;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table COUNT(a int);
create table COUNT (a int);
drop table COUNT;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table CURDATE(a int);
create table CURDATE (a int);
drop table CURDATE;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table CURTIME(a int);
create table CURTIME (a int);
drop table CURTIME;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table DATE_ADD(a int);
create table DATE_ADD (a int);
drop table DATE_ADD;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table DATE_SUB(a int);
create table DATE_SUB (a int);
drop table DATE_SUB;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table EXTRACT(a int);
create table EXTRACT (a int);
drop table EXTRACT;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table GROUP_CONCAT(a int);
create table GROUP_CONCAT (a int);
drop table GROUP_CONCAT;
# Limitation removed in 5.1
create table GROUP_UNIQUE_USERS(a int);
drop table GROUP_UNIQUE_USERS;
create table GROUP_UNIQUE_USERS (a int);
drop table GROUP_UNIQUE_USERS;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table MAX(a int);
create table MAX (a int);
drop table MAX;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table MID(a int);
create table MID (a int);
drop table MID;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table MIN(a int);
create table MIN (a int);
drop table MIN;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table NOW(a int);
create table NOW (a int);
drop table NOW;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table POSITION(a int);
create table POSITION (a int);
drop table POSITION;
create table SESSION_USER(a int);
drop table SESSION_USER;
create table SESSION_USER (a int);
drop table SESSION_USER;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table STD(a int);
create table STD (a int);
drop table STD;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table STDDEV(a int);
create table STDDEV (a int);
drop table STDDEV;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table STDDEV_POP(a int);
create table STDDEV_POP (a int);
drop table STDDEV_POP;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table STDDEV_SAMP(a int);
create table STDDEV_SAMP (a int);
drop table STDDEV_SAMP;
create table SUBDATE(a int);
drop table SUBDATE;
create table SUBDATE (a int);
drop table SUBDATE;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table SUBSTR(a int);
create table SUBSTR (a int);
drop table SUBSTR;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table SUBSTRING(a int);
create table SUBSTRING (a int);
drop table SUBSTRING;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table SUM(a int);
create table SUM (a int);
drop table SUM;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table SYSDATE(a int);
create table SYSDATE (a int);
drop table SYSDATE;
create table SYSTEM_USER(a int);
drop table SYSTEM_USER;
create table SYSTEM_USER (a int);
drop table SYSTEM_USER;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table TRIM(a int);
create table TRIM (a int);
drop table TRIM;
# Limitation removed in 5.1
create table UNIQUE_USERS(a int);
drop table UNIQUE_USERS;
create table UNIQUE_USERS (a int);
drop table UNIQUE_USERS;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table VARIANCE(a int);
create table VARIANCE (a int);
drop table VARIANCE;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table VAR_POP(a int);
create table VAR_POP (a int);
drop table VAR_POP;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table VAR_SAMP(a int);
create table VAR_SAMP (a int);
drop table VAR_SAMP;
set SQL_MODE='IGNORE_SPACE';
create table ADDDATE(a int);
drop table ADDDATE;
create table ADDDATE (a int);
drop table ADDDATE;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table BIT_AND(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table BIT_AND (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table BIT_OR(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table BIT_OR (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table BIT_XOR(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table BIT_XOR (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table CAST(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table CAST (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table COUNT(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table COUNT (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table CURDATE(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table CURDATE (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table CURTIME(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table CURTIME (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table DATE_ADD(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table DATE_ADD (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table DATE_SUB(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table DATE_SUB (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table EXTRACT(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table EXTRACT (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table GROUP_CONCAT(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table GROUP_CONCAT (a int);
# Limitation removed in 5.1
create table GROUP_UNIQUE_USERS(a int);
drop table GROUP_UNIQUE_USERS;
create table GROUP_UNIQUE_USERS (a int);
drop table GROUP_UNIQUE_USERS;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table MAX(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table MAX (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table MID(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table MID (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table MIN(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table MIN (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table NOW(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table NOW (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table POSITION(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table POSITION (a int);
create table SESSION_USER(a int);
drop table SESSION_USER;
create table SESSION_USER (a int);
drop table SESSION_USER;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table STD(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table STD (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table STDDEV(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table STDDEV (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table STDDEV_POP(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table STDDEV_POP (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table STDDEV_SAMP(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table STDDEV_SAMP (a int);
create table SUBDATE(a int);
drop table SUBDATE;
create table SUBDATE (a int);
drop table SUBDATE;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table SUBSTR(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table SUBSTR (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table SUBSTRING(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table SUBSTRING (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table SUM(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table SUM (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table SYSDATE(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table SYSDATE (a int);
create table SYSTEM_USER(a int);
drop table SYSTEM_USER;
create table SYSTEM_USER (a int);
drop table SYSTEM_USER;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table TRIM(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table TRIM (a int);
# Limitation removed in 5.1
create table UNIQUE_USERS(a int);
drop table UNIQUE_USERS;
create table UNIQUE_USERS (a int);
drop table UNIQUE_USERS;
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table VARIANCE(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table VARIANCE (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table VAR_POP(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table VAR_POP (a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table VAR_SAMP(a int);
--error ER_PARSE_ERROR
create table VAR_SAMP (a int);
#
# Bug#25930 (CREATE TABLE x SELECT ... parses columns wrong when ran with
# ANSI_QUOTES mode)
#
--disable_warnings
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS table_25930_a;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS table_25930_b;
--enable_warnings
SET SQL_MODE = 'ANSI_QUOTES';
CREATE TABLE table_25930_a ( "blah" INT );
CREATE TABLE table_25930_b SELECT "blah" - 1 FROM table_25930_a;
# The lexer used to chop the first <">,
# not marking the start of the token "blah" correctly.
desc table_25930_b;
DROP TABLE table_25930_a;
DROP TABLE table_25930_b;
SET @@sql_mode=@save_sql_mode;
#=============================================================================
# SYNTACTIC PARSER (bison)
#=============================================================================
#
#
# Bug#21114 (Foreign key creation fails to table with name format)
#
# Test coverage with edge conditions
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select pi(3.14);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select tan();
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select tan(1, 2);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select makedate(1);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select makedate(1, 2, 3);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select maketime();
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select maketime(1);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select maketime(1, 2);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select maketime(1, 2, 3, 4);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select atan();
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select atan2(1, 2, 3);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select concat();
select concat("foo");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select concat_ws();
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select concat_ws("foo");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select encrypt();
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select encrypt(1, 2, 3);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select des_encrypt("p1", "p2", "not expected");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select des_decrypt("p1", "p2", "not expected");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select elt();
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select elt(1);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select export_set();
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select export_set("p1");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select export_set("p1", "p2");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select export_set("p1", "p2", "p3", "p4", "p5", "p6");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select field();
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select field("p1");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select from_unixtime();
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select from_unixtime(1, 2, 3);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select unix_timestamp(1, 2);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select greatest();
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select greatest(12);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select last_insert_id(1, 2);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select least();
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select least(12);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select locate();
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select locate(1);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select locate(1, 2, 3, 4);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select log();
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select log(1, 2, 3);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select make_set();
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select make_set(1);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select master_pos_wait();
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select master_pos_wait(1);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select master_pos_wait(1, 2, 3, 4);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select rand(1, 2, 3);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select round(1, 2, 3);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select yearweek();
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMCOUNT_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select yearweek(1, 2, 3);
#
# Bug#24736: UDF functions parsed as Stored Functions
#
# Verify that the syntax for calling UDF : foo(expr AS param, ...)
# can not be used when calling native functions
# Native function with 1 argument
select abs(3);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select abs(3 AS three);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select abs(3 three);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select abs(3 AS "three");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select abs(3 "three");
# Native function with 2 arguments
set @bar="bar";
set @foobar="foobar";
select instr("foobar", "bar");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select instr("foobar" AS p1, "bar");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select instr("foobar" p1, "bar");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select instr("foobar" AS "p1", "bar");
## String concatenation, valid syntax
select instr("foobar" "p1", "bar");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select instr(@foobar "p1", "bar");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select instr("foobar", "bar" AS p2);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select instr("foobar", "bar" p2);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select instr("foobar", "bar" AS "p2");
## String concatenation, valid syntax
select instr("foobar", "bar" "p2");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select instr("foobar", @bar "p2");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select instr("foobar" AS p1, "bar" AS p2);
# Native function with 3 arguments
select conv(255, 10, 16);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select conv(255 AS p1, 10, 16);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select conv(255 p1, 10, 16);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select conv(255 AS "p1", 10, 16);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select conv(255 "p1", 10, 16);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select conv(255, 10 AS p2, 16);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select conv(255, 10 p2, 16);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select conv(255, 10 AS "p2", 16);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select conv(255, 10 "p2", 16);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select conv(255, 10, 16 AS p3);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select conv(255, 10, 16 p3);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select conv(255, 10, 16 AS "p3");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select conv(255, 10, 16 "p3");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select conv(255 AS p1, 10 AS p2, 16 AS p3);
# Native function with a variable number of arguments
select atan(10);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select atan(10 AS p1);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select atan(10 p1);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select atan(10 AS "p1");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select atan(10 "p1");
select atan(10, 20);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select atan(10 AS p1, 20);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select atan(10 p1, 20);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select atan(10 AS "p1", 20);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select atan(10 "p1", 20);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select atan(10, 20 AS p2);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select atan(10, 20 p2);
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select atan(10, 20 AS "p2");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select atan(10, 20 "p2");
-- error ER_WRONG_PARAMETERS_TO_NATIVE_FCT
select atan(10 AS p1, 20 AS p2);
#
# Bug#22312 Syntax error in expression with INTERVAL()
#
--disable_warnings
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1;
--enable_warnings
SELECT STR_TO_DATE('10:00 PM', '%h:%i %p') + INTERVAL 10 MINUTE;
SELECT STR_TO_DATE('10:00 PM', '%h:%i %p') + INTERVAL (INTERVAL(1,2,3) + 1) MINUTE;
SELECT "1997-12-31 23:59:59" + INTERVAL 1 SECOND;
SELECT 1 + INTERVAL(1,0,1,2) + 1;
SELECT INTERVAL(1^1,0,1,2) + 1;
SELECT INTERVAL(1,0+1,2,3) * 5.5;
SELECT INTERVAL(3,3,1+3,4+4) / 0.5;
SELECT (INTERVAL(1,0,1,2) + 5) * 7 + INTERVAL(1,0,1,2) / 2;
SELECT INTERVAL(1,0,1,2) + 1, 5 * INTERVAL(1,0,1,2);
SELECT INTERVAL(0,(1*5)/2) + INTERVAL(5,4,3);
--disable_warnings
SELECT 1^1 + INTERVAL 1+1 SECOND & 1 + INTERVAL 1+1 SECOND;
SELECT 1%2 - INTERVAL 1^1 SECOND | 1%2 - INTERVAL 1^1 SECOND;
--enable_warnings
CREATE TABLE t1 (a INT, b DATETIME);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (INTERVAL(3,2,1) + 1, "1997-12-31 23:59:59" + INTERVAL 1 SECOND);
SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a = INTERVAL(3,2,1) + 1;
DROP TABLE t1;
#
# Bug#28317 Left Outer Join with {oj outer-join}
#
--disable_warnings
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1,t2,t3;
--enable_warnings
CREATE TABLE t1 (a1 INT, a2 INT, a3 INT, a4 DATETIME);
CREATE TABLE t2 LIKE t1;
CREATE TABLE t3 LIKE t1;
SELECT t1.* FROM t1 AS t0, { OJ t2 INNER JOIN t1 ON (t1.a1=t2.a1) } WHERE t0.a3=2;
SELECT t1.*,t2.* FROM { OJ ((t1 INNER JOIN t2 ON (t1.a1=t2.a2)) LEFT OUTER JOIN t3 ON t3.a3=t2.a1)};
SELECT t1.*,t2.* FROM { OJ ((t1 LEFT OUTER JOIN t2 ON t1.a3=t2.a2) INNER JOIN t3 ON (t3.a1=t2.a2))};
SELECT t1.*,t2.* FROM { OJ (t1 LEFT OUTER JOIN t2 ON t1.a1=t2.a2) CROSS JOIN t3 ON (t3.a2=t2.a3)};
SELECT * FROM {oj t1 LEFT OUTER JOIN t2 ON t1.a1=t2.a3} WHERE t1.a2 > 10;
SELECT {fn CONCAT(a1,a2)} FROM t1;
UPDATE t3 SET a4={d '1789-07-14'} WHERE a1=0;
SELECT a1, a4 FROM t2 WHERE a4 LIKE {fn UCASE('1789-07-14')};
DROP TABLE t1, t2, t3;