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378 lines
17 KiB
Text
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2.7. Installing MySQL on Mac OS X
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MySQL for Mac OS X is available in a number of different forms:
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* Native Package Installer format, which uses the native Mac OS
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X installer to walk you through the installation of MySQL. For
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more information, see Section 2.7.1, "Installing MySQL Using
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the Installation Package." You can use the package installer
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with Mac OS X 10.3 and later, and available for both PowerPC
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and Intel architectures, and both 32-bit and 64-bit
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architectures. There is no Universal Binary available using
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the package installation method. The user you use to perform
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the installation must have administrator privileges.
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* Tar package format, which uses a file packaged using the Unix
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tar and gzip commands. To use this method, you will need to
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open a Terminal window. You do not need administrator
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privileges using this method, as you can install the MySQL
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server anywhere using this method. For more information on
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using this method, you can use the generic instructions for
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using a tarball, Section 2.2, "Installing MySQL from Generic
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Binaries on Unix/Linux."You can use the package installer with
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Mac OS X 10.3 and later, and available for both PowerPC and
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Intel architectures, and both 32-bit and 64-bit architectures.
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A Universal Binary, incorporating both Power PC and Intel
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architectures and 32-bit and 64-bit binaries is available.
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In addition to the core installation, the Package Installer
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also includes Section 2.7.2, "Installing the MySQL Startup
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Item" and Section 2.7.3, "Installing and Using the MySQL
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Preference Pane," both of which simplify the management of
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your installation.
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* Mac OS X server includes a version of MySQL as standard. If
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you want to use a more recent version than that supplied with
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the Mac OS X server release, you can make use of the package
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or tar formats. For more information on using the MySQL
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bundled with Mac OS X, see Section 2.7.4, "Using MySQL on Mac
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OS X Server."
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For additional information on using MySQL on Mac OS X, see Section
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2.7.5, "MySQL Installation on Mac OS X Notes."
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2.7.1. Installing MySQL Using the Installation Package
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You can install MySQL on Mac OS X 10.3.x ("Panther") or newer
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using a Mac OS X binary package in PKG format instead of the
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binary tarball distribution. Please note that older versions of
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Mac OS X (for example, 10.1.x or 10.2.x) are not supported by this
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package.
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The package is located inside a disk image (.dmg) file that you
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first need to mount by double-clicking its icon in the Finder. It
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should then mount the image and display its contents.
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Note
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Before proceeding with the installation, be sure to shut down all
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running MySQL server instances by either using the MySQL Manager
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Application (on Mac OS X Server) or via mysqladmin shutdown on the
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command line.
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When installing from the package version, you should also install
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the MySQL Preference Pane, which will allow you to control the
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startup and execution of your MySQL server from System
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Preferences. For more information, see Section 2.7.3, "Installing
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and Using the MySQL Preference Pane."
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When installing using the package installer, the files are
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installed into a directory within /usr/local matching the name of
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the installation version and platform. For example, the installer
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file mysql-5.1.39-osx10.5-x86_64.pkg installs MySQL into
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/usr/local/mysql-5.1.39-osx10.5-x86_64 . The installation layout
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of the directory is as shown in the following table:
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Directory Contents of Directory
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bin Client programs and the mysqld server
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data Log files, databases
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docs Manual in Info format
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include Include (header) files
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lib Libraries
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man Unix manual pages
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mysql-test MySQL test suite
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scripts Contains the mysql_install_db script
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share/mysql Error message files
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sql-bench Benchmarks
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support-files Scripts and sample configuration files
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/tmp/mysql.sock The location of the MySQL Unix socket
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During the package installer process, a symbolic link from
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/usr/local/mysql to the version/platform specific directory
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created during installation will be created automatically.
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1. Download and open the MySQL package installer, which is
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provided on a disk image (.dmg). Double-click to open the disk
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image, which includes the main MySQL installation package, the
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MySQLStartupItem.pkg installation package, and the
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MySQL.prefPane.
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2. Double-click on the MySQL installer package. It will be named
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according to the version of MySQL you have downloaded. For
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example, if you have downloaded MySQL 5.1.39, double-click
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mysql-5.1.39-osx10.5-x86.pkg.
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3. You will be presented with the openin installer dialog. Click
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Continue to begihn installation.
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MySQL Package Installer: Step 1
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4. A copy of the installation instructions and other important
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information relevant to this installation are display. Click
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Continue .
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5. If you have downloaded the community version of MySQL, you
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will be shown a copy of the relevant GNU General Public
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License. Click Continue .
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6. Select the drive you want to use to install the MySQL Startup
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Item. The drive must have a valid, bootable, Mac OS X
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operating system installed. Click Continue.
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MySQL Package Installer: Step 4
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7. You will be asked to confirm the details of the installation,
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including the space required for the installation. To change
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the drive on which the startup item is installed you can click
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either Go Back or Change Install Location.... To install the
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startup item, click Install.
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8. Once the installation has been completed successfully, you
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will be given an Install Succeeded message.
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Once you have completed the basic installation, you must complete
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the post-installation steps as specified in Section 2.13,
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"Post-Installation Setup and Testing."
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For convenience, you may also want to install the Section 2.7.2,
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"Installing the MySQL Startup Item" and Section 2.7.3, "Installing
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and Using the MySQL Preference Pane."
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2.7.2. Installing the MySQL Startup Item
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The MySQL Installation Package includes a startup item that can be
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used to automatically startup and shutdown MySQL during boot.
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To install the MySQL Startup Item:
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1. Download and open the MySQL package installer, which is
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provided on a disk image (.dmg). Double-click to open the disk
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image, which includes the main MySQL installation package, the
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MySQLStartupItem.pkg installation package, and the
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MySQL.prefPane.
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2. Double-click on the MySQLStartItem.pkg file to start the
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installation process.
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3. You will be presented with the Install MySQL Startup Item
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dialog.
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MySQL Startup Item Installer: Step 1
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Click Continue to continue the installation process.
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4. A copy of the installation instructions and other important
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information relevant to this installation are display. Click
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Continue .
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5. Select the drive you want to use to install the MySQL Startup
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Item. The drive must have a valid, bootable, Mac OS X
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operating system installed. Click Continue.
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MySQL Startup Item Installer: Step 3
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6. You will be asked to confirm the details of the installation.
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To change the drive on which the startup item is installed you
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can click either Go Back or Change Install Location.... To
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install the startup item, click Install.
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7. Once the installation has been completed successfully, you
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will be given an Install Succeeded message.
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MySQL Startup Item Installer: Step 5
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The Startup Item for MySQL is installed into
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/Library/StartupItems/MySQLCOM. The Startup Item installation adds
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a variable MYSQLCOM=-YES- to the system configuration file
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/etc/hostconfig. If you want to disable the automatic startup of
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MySQL, simply change this variable to MYSQLCOM=-NO-.
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After the installation, you can start up MySQL by running the
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following commands in a terminal window. You must have
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administrator privileges to perform this task.
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If you have installed the Startup Item, use this command to start
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the server:
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shell> sudo /Library/StartupItems/MySQLCOM/MySQLCOM start
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You may be prompted for your password to complete the startup.
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If you have installed the Startup Item, use this command to stop
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the server:
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shell> sudo /Library/StartupItems/MySQLCOM/MySQLCOM stop
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You may be prompted for your password to complete the shutdown.
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2.7.3. Installing and Using the MySQL Preference Pane
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The MySQL Package installer disk image also includes a custom
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MySQL Preference Pane that enables you to start, stop and control
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automated startup during boot of your MySQL installation.
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To install the MySQL Preference Pane:
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1. Download and open the MySQL package installer package, which
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is provided on a disk image (.dmg). Double-click to open the
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disk image, which includes the main MySQL installation
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package, the MySQLStartupItem.pkg installation package, and
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the MySQL.prefPane.
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2. Double click on MySQL.prefPane. The MySQL System Preferences
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will open.
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3. If this is the first time you have installed the preference
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pane, you will be asked to confirm installation and whether
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you want to install the preference pane for all users, or only
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the current user. To install the preference pane for all users
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you will need administrator privileges. If necessary, you will
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be prompted for the username and password for a user with
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administrator privileges.
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4. If you already have the MySQL Preference Pane installed, you
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will be asked to confirm whether you want to overwrite the
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existing MySQL Preference Pane.
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Note
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The MySQL Preference Pane only starts and stops MySQL installation
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installed from the MySQL package installation that have been
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installed in the default location.
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Once the MySQL Preference Pane has been installed, you can control
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your MySQL server instance using the preference pane. To use the
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preference pane, open the System Preferences... from the Apple
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menu. Select the MySQL preference pane by clicking on the MySQL
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logo within the Other section of the preference panes list.
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MySQL Preference Pane
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The MySQL Preference Pane shows the current status of the MySQL
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server, showing stopped (in red) if the server is not running and
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running (in green) if the server has already been started. The
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preference pane will also show the current setting for whether the
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MySQL server has been set to start up automatically.
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* To start MySQL using the preference pane:
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Click Start MySQL Server. You may be prompted for the username
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and password of a user with administrator privileges to start
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the MySQL server.
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* To stop MySQL using the preference pane:
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Click Stop MySQL Server. You may be prompted for the username
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and password of a user with administrator privileges to
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shutdown the MySQL server.
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* To automatically start the MySQL server when the system boots:
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Check the checkbox next to Automatically Start MySQL Server on
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Startup.
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* To disable the automatic starting of the MySQL server when the
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system boots:
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Uncheck the checkbox next to Automatically Start MySQL Server
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on Startup.
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You can close the System Preferences... once you have completed
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your settings.
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2.7.4. Using MySQL on Mac OS X Server
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If you are running Mac OS X Server, a version of MySQL should
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already be installed. The following table shows the versions of
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MySQL that ship with Mac OS X Server versions.
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Mac OS X Server Version MySQL Version
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10.2-10.2.2 3.23.51
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10.2.3-10.2.6 3.23.53
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10.3 4.0.14
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10.3.2 4.0.16
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10.4.0 4.1.10a
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10.5.0 5.0.45
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10.6.0 5.0.82
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The installation layout of MySQL on Mac OS X Server is as shown in
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the table below:
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Directory Contents of Directory
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/usr/bin Client programs
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/var/mysql Log files, databases
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/usr/libexec The mysqld server
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/usr/share/man Unix manual pages
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/usr/share/mysql/mysql-test MySQL test suite
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/usr/share/mysql Contains the mysql_install_db script
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/var/mysql/mysql.sock The location of the MySQL Unix socket
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Note
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The MySQL server bundled with Mac OS X Server does not include the
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MySQL client libraries and header files required if you want to
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access and use MySQL from a third-party driver, such as Perl DBI
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or PHP. For more information on obtaining and installing MySQL
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libraries, see Mac OS X Server version 10.5: MySQL libraries
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available for download (http://support.apple.com/kb/TA25017).
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Alternatively, you can ignore the bundled MySQL server and install
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MySQL from the package or tarball installation.
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For more information on managing the bundled MySQL instance in Mac
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OS X Server 10.5, see Mac OS X Server: Web Technologies
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Administration For Version 10.5 Leopard
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(http://images.apple.com/server/macosx/docs/Web_Technologies_Admin
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_v10.5.pdf). For more information on managing the bundled MySQL
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instance in Mac OS X Server 10.6, see Mac OS X Server: Web
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Technologies Administration Version 10.6 Snow Leopard
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(http://manuals.info.apple.com/en_US/WebTech_v10.6.pdf).
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2.7.5. MySQL Installation on Mac OS X Notes
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You should keep the following issues and notes in mind:
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* The default location for the MySQL Unix socket is different on
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Mac OS X and Mac OS X Server depending on the installation
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type you chose. The default locations by installation are as
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follows:
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Package Installer from MySQL /tmp/mysql.sock
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Tarball from MySQL /tmp/mysql.sock
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MySQL Bundled with Mac OS X Server /var/mysql/mysql.sock
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To prevent issues, you should either change the configuration
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of the socket used within your application (for example,
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changing php.ini), or you should configure the socket location
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using a MySQL configuration file and the socket option. For
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more information, see Section 5.1.2, "Server Command Options."
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* You may need (or want) to create a specific mysql user to own
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the MySQL directory and data. On Mac OS X 10.4 and lower you
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can do this by using the Netinfo Manager application, located
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within the Utilities folder within the Applications folder. On
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Mac OS X 10.5 and later you can do this through the Directory
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Utility. From Mac OS X 10.5 and later (including Mac OS X
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Server 10.5) the mysql should already exist. For use in single
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user mode, an entry for _mysql (note the underscore prefix)
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should already exist within the system /etc/passwd file.
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* Due to a bug in the Mac OS X package installer, you may see
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this error message in the destination disk selection dialog:
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You cannot install this software on this disk. (null)
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If this error occurs, simply click the Go Back button once to
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return to the previous screen. Then click Continue to advance
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to the destination disk selection again, and you should be
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able to choose the destination disk correctly. We have
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reported this bug to Apple and it is investigating this
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problem.
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* Because the MySQL package installer installs the MySQL
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contents into a version and platform specific directory, you
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can use this to upgrade and migrate your database between
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versions. You will need to either copy the data directory from
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the old version to the new version, or alternatively specify
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an alternative datadir value to set location of the data
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directory.
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* You might want to add aliases to your shell's resource file to
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make it easier to access commonly used programs such as mysql
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and mysqladmin from the command line. The syntax for bash is:
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alias mysql=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
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alias mysqladmin=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
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For tcsh, use:
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alias mysql /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
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alias mysqladmin /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
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Even better, add /usr/local/mysql/bin to your PATH environment
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variable. You can do this by modifying the appropriate startup
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file for your shell. For more information, see Section 4.2.1,
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"Invoking MySQL Programs."
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* After you have copied over the MySQL database files from the
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previous installation and have successfully started the new
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server, you should consider removing the old installation
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files to save disk space. Additionally, you should also remove
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older versions of the Package Receipt directories located in
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/Library/Receipts/mysql-VERSION.pkg.
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