Problem:
========
1) Drop table queries are re-generated by server
before writing the events(queries) into binlog
for various reasons. If table name/db name contains
a non regular characters (like latin characters),
the generated query is wrong. Hence it breaks the
replication.
2) In the edge case, when table name/db name contains
64 characters, server is throwing an assert
assert(M_TBLLEN < 128)
3) In the edge case, when db name contains 64 latin
characters, binlog content is interpreted badly
which is leading replication failure.
Analysis & Fix :
================
1) Parser reads the table name from the query and converts
it to standard charset(utf8) and stores it in table_name variable.
When drop table query is regenerated with the same table_name
variable, it should be converted back to the original charset
from standard charset(utf8).
2) Latin character takes two bytes for each character. Limit
of the identifier is 64. SYSTEM_CHARSET_MBMAXLEN is set to '3'.
So there is a possiblity that tablename/dbname contains 3 * 64.
Hence assert is changed to
(M_TBLLEN <= NAME_CHAR_LEN*SYSTEM_CHARSET_MBMAXLEN)
3) db_len in the binlog event header is taking 1 byte.
db_len is ranged from 0 to 192 bytes (3 * 64).
While reading the db_len from the event, server
is casting to uint instead of uchar which is leading
to bad db_len. This problem is fixed by changing the
cast type to uchar.
Problem: For every event read, mysqlbinlog calls localtime() which in turn
calls stat(/etc/localtime) which is causing kernel mutex contention.
Analysis and Fix:
localtime() calls stat(/etc/localtime) for every instance of the call
where as localtime_r() the reentrant version was optimized to store
the read only tz internal structure. Hence it will not call
stat(/etc/localtime). It will call only once at the beginning.
The mysql server is calling localtime_r() and mysqlbinlog tool is
one place where we are still using localtime().
Once the process (mysqlbinlog) is started if timezone is changed
it will be not picked up the the process and it will continue
with the same values as the beginning of the process. This
behavior is in-lined with mysql server.
Also adding localtime_r() and gmtime_r() support for windows.
Problem:
========
In a master slave replication if a slave receives a
Start_log_event_v3 the payload is expected to be of fixed
size. If a payload which is smaller than the fixed size is
received it causes a read out of bounds issue.
Analysis:
========
According to documentation the fixed data part of
Start_log_event_v3 looks as shown below.
2 bytes: The binary log format version
50 bytes: The MySQL server's version
4 bytes: Timestamp in seconds when this event was created
Since the payload is expected to be of fixed size, therefore
ST_SERVER_VER_LEN (50) bytes are memcpy'ed into
server_version. But if a malicious master sends a shorter
payload it causes a read out of bounds issue.
Fix:
===
In Start_log_event_v3 event's constructor a check has been
added which expects the minimum payload length to be of size
common_header_len + ST_COMMON_HEADER_LEN_OFFSET bytes. If a
malicious packet of lesser length is received it will be
considered as an invalid event.
Problem: A corrupted header length in FORMAT_DESCRIPTION_LOG_EVENT
can cause server to crash.
Analysis: FORMAT_DESCRIPTION_EVENT will be considered invalid if
header len is too small (i.e. below OLD_HEADER_LEN).
Format_description_log_event:: Format_description_log_event(...)
{
...
if ((common_header_len=buf[ST_COMMON_HEADER_LEN_OFFSET]) < OLD_HEADER_LEN)
DBUG_VOID_RETURN; /* sanity check */
...
post_header_len= my_memdup(...)
}
In that case Format_description_log_event constructor will return early,
without allocating any memory for post_header_len. Thence this variable is
left uninitialized and making server to crash when server is trying
to free the uninitialized value.
Fix: When Format_description_log_event constructor returns early, assign
NULL to post_header_len.
NON-EXISTS RECORDS
Problem:
========
In RBR replication, master deletes a record but the record
don't exist on slave. when slave tries to apply the
Delete_row_log_event from master, it will result in an
assert on slave.
Analysis:
========
This problem exists not only with Delete_rows event but also
with Update_rows event as well. Trying to update a non
existing row on the slave from the master will cause the
same assert. This assert occurs only for the tables that
doesn't have primary keys and which basically require
sequential scan to be done to locate a record. This bug
occurs only with innodb engine not with myisam.
When update or delete rows is executed on a slave on a table
which doesn't have primary key the updated record is stored
in a buffer named table->record[0] and the same is copied to
table->record[1] so that during sequential scan
table->record[0] can reloaded with fetched data from the
table and compared against table->record[1]. In a special
case where there is no record on the slave side scan will
result in EOF in that case we reinit the scan and we try to
compare record[0] with record[1] which are basically the
same. This comparison is incorrect. Since they both are the
same record_compare() will report that record is found and
we try to go ahead and try to update/delete non existing
row. Ideally if the scan results in EOF means no data found
hence no need to do a record_compare() at all.
Fix:
===
Avoid comparision of records on EOF.
Problem:
Load_log_event::print_query() function does not put escape character in file name
for "LOAD DATA INFILE" statement.
Analysis:
When we have "'" in our file name for "LOAD DATA INFILE" statement,
Load_log_event::print_query() function does not put escape character
in our file name.
This one result that when we show binary-log, we get file name without
escape character.
Solution:
To put escape character when we have "'" in file name, for this instead of using
simple memcpy() to put file-name, we will use pretty_print_str().
Performance schema tables are local to a server and they should not
be allowed to be executed by the slave from the relay log.
From 5.6.10, P_S events are not written into the binary log.
But prior to that, from mysql 5.5 onwards, P_S events are written
to the binary log by master.
The following are problematic scenarios:
1. Master 5.5 -> Slave 5.5
========================
A) RBR: Slave crashes
B) SBR: P_S statements are replicated.
2.Master 5.5 -> Slave 5.6
========================
A) RBR: SQL thd generates error
B) SBR : P_S statements are replicated
3. 5.5 binlog executed on a server 5.5 using mysqlbinlog|mysql
=================================================================
A) RBR: Server crash (because of BINLOG'... statement)
B) SBR: P_S statements are executed
4. 5.5 binlog executed on server 5.6 using mysqlbinlog|mysql
================================================================
A) RBR: SQL error (because of BINLOG'... statement)
B) SBR: P_S statements are executed.
The generalized behaviour should be:
a) Slave SQL thread should certainly ignore P_S events read from
the relay log.
b) mysqlbinlog|mysql should replay the binlog succesfully.
OF ROW DATA
Problem:
========
Inserting a row larger than 4G when server uses RBR leads
to crash.
Analysis:
========
Row-based binary logging logs changes in individual table
rows. During the execution of DML statements in RBR the
actual row data will be stored within "m_rows_buf" buffer
and this buffer contents will be written to binary log.
"m_rows_buf" is prepared within the following function
"Rows_log_event::do_add_row_data".
When a huge row is specified as in this bug scenario where
row size is 4294971520 > UINT_MAX (4294967295) then the
"m_rows_buf" is reallocated to accommodate the row data and
then the row is copied to the buffer. During this realloc
call, the length is getting type casted to "uint" which
results in overflow. Because of the overflow the reallocated
memory happens to be incorrect than what was requested
and it results in a crash during copy of rowdata to buffer.
Hence rows of size > 4GB cannot be written to binary log.
By default the event_length can be stored within 4 bytes
which in turn restricts an event's size to grow. Hence large
rows cannot be replicated using row based replication.
Fix:
===
An error is generated if the row size exceeds 4GB value.
AUTO_INC COLUMN ONLY ON SLAVE
In RBR, if the slave's table as one additional auto_inc column,
then, it will insert the value 0 instead of generating the next
auto_inc number.
We fix this by checking that if an auto_inc extra column exists,
when compared to column data of the row event, we explicitly set
it to NULL and flag the engine that a nulled auto_inc column will
be inserted.
(MYSQLBINLOG -V CRASHES WITH THAT BINLOG)
Problem: If slave receives a corrupted row event,
slave server is crashing.
Analysis: When slave is unpacking the row event, it is
not validating the data before applying the event. If the
data is corrupted for eg: the length of a field is wrong,
it could end up reading wrong data leading to a crash.
A similar problem happens when mysqlbinlog tool is used
against a corrupted binlog using '-v' option. Due to -v
option, the tool tries to print the values of all the
fields. Corrupted field length could lead to a crash.
Fix: Before unpacking the field, a verification
will be made on the length. If it falls into the event
range, only then it will be unpacked. Otherwise,
"ER_SLAVE_CORRUPT_EVENT" error will be thrown.
Incase mysqlbinlog -v case, the field value will not be
printed and the processing of the file will be stopped.
"SHOW BINLOG EVENTS"
Problem:
========
mysql was crashed after executing "show binlog events in
'mysql-bin.000005' from 99", the crash happened randomly.
Analysis:
========
During construction of LOAD EVENT or NEW LOAD EVENT object
if the starting offset is provided as incorrect value then
all the object members that are retrieved from the offset
are also invalid. Some times it will lead to out of bound
address offsets. In the bug scenario, the file name is
extracrated from an invalid address and the same is fed to
strlen(fname) function. Passing invalid address to strlen
will lead to crash.
Fix:
===
Validate if the given offset falls within the event boundary
or not.
REPLICATION FILTERS ARE USED.
Problem:
When Filtered-slave applies Int_var_log_event and when it
tries to write the event to its own binlog, LAST_INSERT_ID
value is written wrongly.
Analysis:
THD::stmt_depends_on_first_successful_insert_id_in_prev_stmt
is a variable which is set when LAST_INSERT_ID() is used by
a statement. If it is set, first_successful_insert_id_in_
prev_stmt_for_binlog will be stored in the statement-based
binlog. This variable is CUMULATIVE along the execution of
a stored function or trigger: if one substatement sets it
to 1 it will stay 1 until the function/trigger ends,
thus making sure that first_successful_insert_id_in_
prev_stmt_for_binlog does not change anymore and is
propagated to the caller for binlogging. This is achieved
using the following code
if(!stmt_depends_on_first_successful_insert_id_in_prev_stmt)
{
/* It's the first time we read it */
first_successful_insert_id_in_prev_stmt_for_binlog=
first_successful_insert_id_in_prev_stmt;
stmt_depends_on_first_successful_insert_id_in_prev_stmt= 1;
}
Slave server, after receiving Int_var_log_event event from
master, it is setting
stmt_depends_on_first_successful_insert_id_in_prev_stmt
to true(*which is wrong*) and not setting
first_successful_insert_id_in_prev_stmt_for_binlog. Because
of this problem, when the actual DML statement with
LAST_INSERT_ID() is parsed by slave SQL thread,
first_successful_insert_id_in_prev_stmt_for_binlog is not
set. Hence the value zero (default value) is written to
slave's binlog.
Why only *Filtered slave* is effected when the code is
in common place:
-------------------------------------------------------
In Query_log_event::do_apply_event,
THD::stmt_depends_on_first_successful_insert_id_in_prev_stmt
is reset to zero at the end of the function. In case of
normal slave (No Filters), this variable will be reset.
In Filtered slave, Slave SQL thread defers all IRU events's
execution until IRU's Query_log event is received. Once it
receives Query_log_event it executes all pending IRU events
and then it executes Query_log_event. Hence the variable is
not getting reset to 0, causing this bug.
Fix: As described above, the root cause was setting
THD::stmt_depends_on_first_successful_insert_id_in_prev_stmt
when Int_var_log_event was executed by a SQL thread. Hence
removing the problematic line from the code.
Dump thread may encounter an error when reading events from the active binlog
file. However the errors may be temporary, so dump thread will try to read
the event again. But dump thread seeked to an wrong position, it caused some
events was sent twice.
To fix the bug, prev_pos is defined out the while loop and is set the correct
position after reading every event correctly.
This patch also make binlog_can_be_corrupted more accurate, only the binlogs
not closed normally are marked binlog_can_be_corrupted.
Finally, two warnings are added when dump threads encounter the temporary
errors.
STATUS OF ROLLBACKED TRANSACTION" and bug #17054007 - "TRANSACTION
IS NOT FULLY ROLLED BACK IN CASE OF INNODB DEADLOCK".
The problem in the first bug report was that although deadlock involving
metadata locks was reported using the same error code and message as InnoDB
deadlock it didn't rollback transaction like the latter. This caused
confusion to users as in some cases after ER_LOCK_DEADLOCK transaction
could have been restarted immediately and in some cases rollback was
required.
The problem in the second bug report was that although InnoDB deadlock
caused transaction rollback in all storage engines it didn't cause release
of metadata locks. So concurrent DDL on the tables used in transaction was
blocked until implicit or explicit COMMIT or ROLLBACK was issued in the
connection which got InnoDB deadlock.
The former issue has stemmed from the fact that when support for detection
and reporting metadata locks deadlocks was added we erroneously assumed
that InnoDB doesn't rollback transaction on deadlock but only last statement
(while this is what happens on InnoDB lock timeout actually) and so didn't
implement rollback of transactions on MDL deadlocks.
The latter issue was caused by the fact that rollback of transaction due
to deadlock is carried out by setting THD::transaction_rollback_request
flag at the point where deadlock is detected and performing rollback
inside of trans_rollback_stmt() call when this flag is set. And
trans_rollback_stmt() is not aware of MDL locks, so no MDL locks are
released.
This patch solves these two problems in the following way:
- In case when MDL deadlock is detect transaction rollback is requested
by setting THD::transaction_rollback_request flag.
- Code performing rollback of transaction if THD::transaction_rollback_request
is moved out from trans_rollback_stmt(). Now we handle rollback request
on the same level as we call trans_rollback_stmt() and release statement/
transaction MDL locks.
NO ERRORS REPORTED
Problem:
=======
Errors from my_b_fill are ignored. MYSQL_BIN_LOG::write_cache
code assumes that 0 returned from my_b_fill always means
end-of-cache, but that is incorrect. It can result in error
and the error is ignored. Other callers of my_b_fill don't
check for error: my_b_copy_to_file, maybe my_b_gets.
Fix:
===
An error handler is already present to check the "cache"
error that is reported during "MYSQL_BIN_LOG::write_cache"
call. Hence error handlers are added for "my_b_copy_to_file"
and "my_b_gets".
During my_b_fill() function call, when the cache read fails
info->error= -1 is set. Hence a check for "info->error"
is added for the above to callers upon their return.
At logging a first Query referring a user var, the slave missed to log the user var.
It appears that at execution of a Uservar event the slaver applier
thought of the variable as already logged.
The reason of misjudgement is in coincidence of query id:s: of one that the thread
holds at Uservar execution and another one that the thread sees at the Query applying.
While the two are naturally different in the regular execution branch (as two computational
events are separated as individual events), in the deferred applying case the User var execution
effectively belongs to its Query processing.
Fixed with storing the Uservar parsing time (where desicion to defer is taken) query id
to temporarily substitute with it the actual query id at the Uservar execution time
(along with its query).
Such manipulation mimics behaviour of the regular applying branch.
In method mysql_binlog_send, right after detecting a EOF in the
read event loop, and before deciding if we should change to a new
binlog file there is a execution window where new events can be
written to the binlog and a rotation can happen. When reaching
the test, the function will then change to a new binlog file
ignoring all the events written in this window. This will result
in events not being replicated.
Only when the binlog is detected as deactivated in the event loop
of the dump thread, can we really know that no more events
remain. For this reason, this test is now made under the log lock
in the beginning of the event loop when reading the events.
On a previous fix, user variables with zero length name were incorrectly
considered as event corruption, despite that them are allowed by server.
Fix this wrong assumption by allowing again user variables with zero
length on binary log.
RATHER THAN A TABLE
Problem: In RBR, If a table is converted into a view at slave,
(i.e., "drop table 'object1'" & "create view 'object1'"), then any
DML operations on the table at master are causing crash at slave.
Analysis: Slave prepares tables to be opened for DML list when it
receives Table_map_log_event(s). And the same list will be sent to
open_table function. Open_table logic assumes that if the list
contains a view object, it also contains "select_lex" object of
that view. In the above special case, the table object does not
contain 'select_lex' as it is base table at master. Since it
is a view at slave, open_table logic goes to 'mysql_make_view()'
function which assumes that 'select_lex' exists for the object.
Fix: While preparing 'tables to be opened' list, we should make
sure that table required type is 'base table'. If it is not
base table while opening the object, mysql_make_view will throw an
error similar to 'object is not a base table'
FORMAT_DESCRIPTION_LOG_EVENT::CALC_SERVER_VERSION_SPLIT
Problem: When reading a Format_description_log_event, it supposes MySQL
version is always valid and DBUG_ASSERTION is used check the version number.
However, user may give a wrong binlog offset, even give a faked binary event
which includes an invalid MySQL version. This will cause server crash.
Fix: The assertions are removed and an error will be reported if MySQL
version in Format_description_log_event is invalid.
VARIABLES
Analysis:
-------------
After executing the query, new value of the user defined
variables are set in the function "select_dumpvar::send_data".
"select_dumpvar::send_data" first calls function
"Item_func_set_user_var::save_item_result()". This function
checks the nullness of the Item_field passed as parameter
to it and saves it. The nullness of item is stored with
arg[0]'s null_value flag. Then "select_dumpvar::send_data" calls
"Item_func_set_user_var::update()" which notices null
result that was saved and calls "Item_func_set_user_var::
update_hash". But here null_value is not set and args[0]
is different from that given to function "Item_func_set_user_var::
set_item_result()". This causes "Item_func_set_user_var::
update_hash" function to believe that its getting non-null value.
"user_var_entry::length" set to 0 and hence "user_var_entry::value"
is made to point to extra_area allocated in "user_var_entry".
And "Item_func_set_user_var::update_hash" tries to write
at memory beyond extra_area for result type DECIMAL. Because of
this invalid write issue is reported by Valgrind.
Before this bug was introduced, we avoided this problem by
creating "Item_func_set_user_var" object with the same
Item_field as arg[0] and as parameter to
Item_func_set_user_var::save_item_result(). But now
they are refering to different args[0]. Because of this
null_value flag set in parameter Item_field in function
"Item_func_set_user_var::save_item_result()" is not
reflected in "Item_func_set_user_var" object.
Fix:
------------
This issue is reported on versions 5.5.24. Issue does not exists
in 5.5.23, 5.1, 5.6 and trunk.
This issue was introduced by
revid:georgi.kodinov@oracle.com-20120309130449-82e3bs5v3et1x0ef (fix for
bug #12408412), which was pushed into 5.5 and later releases. This patch
has later been reversed in 5.6 and trunk by
revid:norvald.ryeng@oracle.com-20121010135242-xj34gg73h04hrmyh (fix for
bug #14664077). Backported this patch in 5.5 also to fix this issue.
This bug had two problems:
P1) Reads out of bounds;
P2) Writes out of bounds.
PROBLEM P1
----------
User_var_log_event unmarshalling from binlog was not performing range
checks when using name_len and val_len variables to walk on event
buffer.
Added range checks to User_var_log_event unmarshalling to prevent
unmarshalling errors.
PROBLEM P2
----------
User_var_log_event value was allocated on thread stack, what caused
stack frame errors when User_var_log_event value was bigger than thread
stack size.
Currently value is allocated on heap memory.
CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT OPTION
A transaction is started with a consistent snapshot. After
the transaction is started new indexes are added to the
table. Now when we issue an update statement, the optimizer
chooses an index. When the index scan is being initialized
via ha_innobase::change_active_index(), InnoDB reports
the error code HA_ERR_TABLE_DEF_CHANGED, with message
stating that "insufficient history for index".
This error message is propagated up to the SQL layer. But
the my_error() api is never called. The statement level
diagnostics area is not updated with the correct error
status (it remains in Diagnostics_area::DA_EMPTY).
Hence the following check in the Protocol::end_statement()
fails.
516 case Diagnostics_area::DA_EMPTY:
517 default:
518 DBUG_ASSERT(0);
519 error= send_ok(thd->server_status, 0, 0, 0, NULL);
520 break;
The fix is to backport the fix of bugs 14365043, 11761652
and 11746399.
14365043 PROTOCOL::END_STATEMENT(): ASSERTION `0' FAILED
11761652 HA_RND_INIT() RESULT CODE NOT CHECKED
11746399 RETURN VALUES OF HA_INDEX_INIT() AND INDEX_INIT() IGNORED
rb://1227 approved by guilhem and mattiasj.
QUOTING IN REPLICATION
Problem: Misquoting or unquoted identifiers may lead to
incorrect statements to be logged to the binary log.
Fix: we use specialized functions to append quoted identifiers in
the statements generated by the server.
Problem:
=======
The return value from my_b_write is ignored by: `my_b_write_quoted',
`my_b_write_bit',`Query_log_event::print_query_header'
Most callers of `my_b_printf' ignore the return value. `log_event.cc'
has many calls to it.
Analysis:
========
`my_b_write' is used to write data into a file. If the write fails it
sets appropriate error number and error message through my_error()
function call and sets the IO_CACHE::error == -1.
`my_b_printf' function is also used to write data into a file, it
internally invokes my_b_write to do the write operation. Upon
success it returns number of characters written to file and on error
it returns -1 and sets the error through my_error() and also sets
IO_CACHE::error == -1. Most of the event specific print functions
for example `Create_file_log_event::print', `Execute_load_log_event::print'
etc are the ones which make several calls to the above two functions and
they do not check for the return value after the 'print' call. All the above
mentioned abuse cases deal with the client side.
Fix:
===
As part of bug fix a check for IO_CACHE::error == -1 has been added at
a very high level after the call to the 'print' function. There are
few more places where the return value of "my_b_write" is ignored
those are mentioned below.
+++ mysys/mf_iocache2.c 2012-06-04 07:03:15 +0000
@@ -430,7 +430,8 @@
memset(buffz, '0', minimum_width - length2);
else
memset(buffz, ' ', minimum_width - length2);
- my_b_write(info, buffz, minimum_width - length2);
+++ sql/log.cc 2012-06-08 09:04:46 +0000
@@ -2388,7 +2388,12 @@
{
end= strxmov(buff, "# administrator command: ", NullS);
buff_len= (ulong) (end - buff);
- my_b_write(&log_file, (uchar*) buff, buff_len);
At these places appropriate return value handlers have been added.
Fixes for BUG11761686 left a flaw that managed to slip away from testing.
Only effective filtering branch was actually tested with a regression test
added to rpl_filter_tables_not_exist.
The reason of the failure is destuction of too early mem-root-allocated memory
at the end of the deferred User-var's do_apply_event().
Fixed with bypassing free_root() in the deferred execution branch.
Deallocation of created in do_apply_event() items is done by the base code
through THD::cleanup_after_query() -> free_items() that the parent Query
can't miss.
Problem
========
Replication breaks in the cases if the event length exceeds
the size of master Dump thread's max_allowed_packet.
The reason why this failure is occuring is because the event length is
more than the total size of the max_allowed_packet, on addition of the
max_event_header length exceeds the max_allowed_packet of the DUMP thread.
This causes the Dump thread to break replication and throw an error.
That can happen e.g with row-based replication in Update_rows event.
Fix
====
The problem is fixed in 2 steps:
1.) The Dump thread limit to read event is increased to the upper limit
i.e. Dump thread reads whatever gets logged in the binary log.
2.) On the slave side we increase the the max_allowed_packet for the
slave's threads (IO/SQL) by increasing it to 1GB.
This is done using the new server option (slave_max_allowed_packet)
included, is used to regulate the max_allowed_packet of the
slave thread (IO/SQL) by the DBA, and facilitates the sending of
large packets from the master to the slave.
This causes the large packets to be received by the slave and apply
it successfully.
