MDEV-37138: Innochecksum fails to handle doublewrite buffer and

multiple file tablespace

Problem:
=======
- innochecksum was incorrectly interpreting doublewrite buffer
pages as index pages, causing confusion about stale tables
in the system tablespace.

- innochecksum fails to parse the multi-file system tablespace

Solution:
========
1. Rewrite checksum of doublewrite buffer pages
are skipped.

2. Introduced the option --tablespace-flags which can be used
to initialize page size. This option can handle the ibdata2,
ibdata3 etc without parsing ibdata1.

This is a cherry-pick of commit 9f8716ab61

storage/innobase/include/fsp0types.h

@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ enum fsp_reserve_t {
 	FSP_CLEANING,	/* reservation done during purge operations */
 	FSP_BLOB	/* reservation being done for BLOB insertion */
 };
+#endif /* UNIV_INNOCHECKSUM */
 
 /* Number of pages described in a single descriptor page: currently each page
 description takes less than 1 byte; a descriptor page is repeated every
@@ -190,6 +191,7 @@ every XDES_DESCRIBED_PER_PAGE pages in every tablespace. */
 /*--------------------------------------*/
 /* @} */
 
+#ifndef UNIV_INNOCHECKSUM
 /** Check if tablespace is system temporary.
 @param[in]      space_id        verify is checksum is enabled for given space.
 @return true if tablespace is system temporary. */

storage/innobase/include/trx0sys.h

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ Transaction system
 Created 3/26/1996 Heikki Tuuri
 *******************************************************/
 
+#ifndef UNIV_INNOCHECKSUM
 #pragma once
 #include "buf0buf.h"
 #include "fil0fil.h"
@@ -272,6 +273,7 @@ FIXED WSREP XID info offsets for 4k page size 10.0.32-galera
 #define TRX_SYS_WSREP_XID_BQUAL_LEN 12
 #define TRX_SYS_WSREP_XID_DATA      16
 #endif /* WITH_WSREP*/
+#endif /* !UNIV_INNOCHECKSUM */
 
 /** Doublewrite buffer */
 /* @{ */
@@ -320,7 +322,7 @@ constexpr uint32_t TRX_SYS_DOUBLEWRITE_MAGIC_N= 536853855;
 /** Contents of TRX_SYS_DOUBLEWRITE_SPACE_ID_STORED */
 constexpr uint32_t TRX_SYS_DOUBLEWRITE_SPACE_ID_STORED_N= 1783657386;
 /* @} */
-
+#ifndef UNIV_INNOCHECKSUM
 trx_t* current_trx();
 
 struct rw_trx_hash_element_t
@@ -1286,3 +1288,4 @@ private:
 
 /** The transaction system */
 extern trx_sys_t trx_sys;
+#endif /* !UNIV_INNOCHECKSUM */

storage/innobase/include/trx0undo.h

@@ -27,9 +27,8 @@ Created 3/26/1996 Heikki Tuuri
 #ifndef trx0undo_h
 #define trx0undo_h
 
-#ifndef UNIV_INNOCHECKSUM
 #include "trx0sys.h"
-
+#ifndef UNIV_INNOCHECKSUM
 /** The LSB of the "is insert" flag in DB_ROLL_PTR */
 #define ROLL_PTR_INSERT_FLAG_POS 55
 /** The LSB of the 7-bit trx_rseg_t::id in DB_ROLL_PTR */