Propose refactoring of fault matching in core-databinding.

git-svn-id: http://svn.us.apache.org/repos/asf/tuscany@678849 13f79535-47bb-0310-9956-ffa450edef68

20 files changed, 2739 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/LICENSE b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8aa906c321
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+
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+      the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed
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diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/NOTICE b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/NOTICE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fdfa0e9faa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/NOTICE
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+${pom.name}
+Copyright (c) 2005 - 2008 The Apache Software Foundation
+
+This product includes software developed by
+The Apache Software Foundation (http://www.apache.org/).
+
diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/pom.xml b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/pom.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..06ab0e5097
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/pom.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+    * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+    * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+    * distributed with this work for additional information
+    * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+    * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+    * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+    * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+    * 
+    *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+    * 
+    * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+    * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+    * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+    * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+    * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+    * under the License.    
+-->
+<project>
+    <parent>
+        <groupId>org.apache.tuscany.sca</groupId>
+        <artifactId>tuscany-modules</artifactId>
+        <version>1.3-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        <relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
+    </parent>
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+    <groupId>org.apache.tuscany.sca</groupId>
+    <artifactId>tuscany-core-databinding</artifactId>
+    <packaging>jar</packaging>
+    <name>Apache Tuscany SCA Core/DataBinding Integration</name>
+
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.tuscany.sca</groupId>
+            <artifactId>tuscany-databinding</artifactId>
+            <version>${project.version}</version>
+            <scope>compile</scope>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.tuscany.sca</groupId>
+            <artifactId>tuscany-databinding-jaxb</artifactId>
+            <version>${project.version}</version>
+            <scope>compile</scope>
+        </dependency>
+        
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.tuscany.sca</groupId>
+            <artifactId>tuscany-core</artifactId>
+            <version>${project.version}</version>
+            <scope>compile</scope>
+        </dependency>
+        
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.tuscany.sca</groupId>
+            <artifactId>tuscany-core-spi</artifactId>
+            <version>${project.version}</version>
+            <scope>compile</scope>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.tuscany.sca</groupId>
+            <artifactId>tuscany-interface-java-xml</artifactId>
+            <version>${project.version}</version>
+            <scope>compile</scope>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.tuscany.sca</groupId>
+            <artifactId>tuscany-interface-java-jaxws</artifactId>
+            <version>${project.version}</version>
+            <scope>compile</scope>
+        </dependency>
+                
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.codehaus.woodstox</groupId>
+            <artifactId>wstx-asl</artifactId>
+            <scope>runtime</scope>
+            <version>3.2.1</version>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+
+    <build>
+        <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.felix</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-bundle-plugin</artifactId>
+
+                <configuration>
+                    <instructions>
+                        <Bundle-Version>${tuscany.version}</Bundle-Version>
+                        <Bundle-SymbolicName>org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding</Bundle-SymbolicName>
+                        <Bundle-Description>${pom.name}</Bundle-Description>
+                        <Export-Package>org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding*</Export-Package>
+                    </instructions>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+        </plugins>
+    </build>
+
+</project>
diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/module/DataBindingModuleActivator.java b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/module/DataBindingModuleActivator.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2056789089
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/module/DataBindingModuleActivator.java
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.module;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.contribution.ModelFactoryExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.ExtensionPointRegistry;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.ModuleActivator;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.processor.DataBindingJavaInterfaceProcessor;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.transformers.Array2ArrayTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.transformers.CallableReference2XMLStreamReader;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.transformers.CallableReferenceDataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.transformers.CallableReferenceXMLAdapter;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.transformers.Exception2ExceptionTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.transformers.Input2InputTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.transformers.Output2OutputTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.transformers.XMLStreamReader2CallableReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.wire.DataBindingRuntimeWireProcessor;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBindingExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformerExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.Group2GroupTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.MediatorImpl;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.jaxb.XMLAdapterExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.FaultExceptionMapper;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.java.JavaInterfaceFactory;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.java.jaxws.JAXWSFaultExceptionMapper;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.java.jaxws.JAXWSJavaInterfaceProcessor;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.runtime.RuntimeWireProcessorExtensionPoint;
+import org.osoa.sca.CallableReference;
+
+/**
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class DataBindingModuleActivator implements ModuleActivator {
+
+    public void start(ExtensionPointRegistry registry) {
+        DataBindingExtensionPoint dataBindings = registry.getExtensionPoint(DataBindingExtensionPoint.class);
+        TransformerExtensionPoint transformers = registry.getExtensionPoint(TransformerExtensionPoint.class);
+
+        XMLAdapterExtensionPoint xmlAdapterExtensionPoint = registry.getExtensionPoint(XMLAdapterExtensionPoint.class);
+        xmlAdapterExtensionPoint.addAdapter(CallableReference.class, CallableReferenceXMLAdapter.class);
+        FaultExceptionMapper faultExceptionMapper = new JAXWSFaultExceptionMapper(dataBindings, xmlAdapterExtensionPoint);
+        
+        MediatorImpl mediator = new MediatorImpl(dataBindings, transformers);
+        Input2InputTransformer input2InputTransformer = new Input2InputTransformer();
+        input2InputTransformer.setMediator(mediator);
+        transformers.addTransformer(input2InputTransformer, true);
+
+        Output2OutputTransformer output2OutputTransformer = new Output2OutputTransformer();
+        output2OutputTransformer.setMediator(mediator);
+        transformers.addTransformer(output2OutputTransformer, true);
+
+        Exception2ExceptionTransformer exception2ExceptionTransformer = new Exception2ExceptionTransformer(mediator, faultExceptionMapper);
+        transformers.addTransformer(exception2ExceptionTransformer, false);
+        
+        Array2ArrayTransformer array2ArrayTransformer = new Array2ArrayTransformer();
+        array2ArrayTransformer.setMediator(mediator);
+        transformers.addTransformer(array2ArrayTransformer, true);
+
+        Group2GroupTransformer group2GroupTransformer = new Group2GroupTransformer();
+        group2GroupTransformer.setMediator(mediator);
+        transformers.addTransformer(group2GroupTransformer, true);
+        
+        dataBindings.addDataBinding(new CallableReferenceDataBinding());
+        transformers.addTransformer(new CallableReference2XMLStreamReader(), true);
+        transformers.addTransformer(new XMLStreamReader2CallableReference(), false);
+
+        ModelFactoryExtensionPoint modelFactories = registry.getExtensionPoint(ModelFactoryExtensionPoint.class);
+        JavaInterfaceFactory javaFactory = modelFactories.getFactory(JavaInterfaceFactory.class);
+
+        // [rfeng] The JAX-WS processor should come before the Databinding processor to make sure @WebService
+        // is honored as Remoteable
+        javaFactory.addInterfaceVisitor(new JAXWSJavaInterfaceProcessor(dataBindings, faultExceptionMapper, xmlAdapterExtensionPoint));
+
+        javaFactory.addInterfaceVisitor(new DataBindingJavaInterfaceProcessor(dataBindings));
+
+        RuntimeWireProcessorExtensionPoint wireProcessorExtensionPoint = registry.getExtensionPoint(RuntimeWireProcessorExtensionPoint.class);
+        if (wireProcessorExtensionPoint != null) {
+            wireProcessorExtensionPoint.addWireProcessor(new DataBindingRuntimeWireProcessor(mediator, dataBindings, faultExceptionMapper));
+        }
+        
+    }
+
+    public void stop(ExtensionPointRegistry registry) {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/processor/DataBindingJavaInterfaceProcessor.java b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/processor/DataBindingJavaInterfaceProcessor.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e182b472d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/processor/DataBindingJavaInterfaceProcessor.java
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.processor;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBindingExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.WrapperHandler;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.annotation.DataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans.JavaBeansDataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans.SimpleJavaDataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.InvalidInterfaceException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.java.JavaInterface;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.java.JavaOperation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.java.introspect.JavaInterfaceVisitor;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.WrapperInfo;
+
+/**
+ * The databinding annotation processor for java interfaces
+ * 
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class DataBindingJavaInterfaceProcessor implements JavaInterfaceVisitor {
+    private static final String JAXB_DATABINDING = "javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement";
+    private DataBindingExtensionPoint dataBindingRegistry;
+
+    public DataBindingJavaInterfaceProcessor(DataBindingExtensionPoint dataBindingRegistry) {
+        super();
+        this.dataBindingRegistry = dataBindingRegistry;
+    }
+
+    public void visitInterface(JavaInterface javaInterface) throws InvalidInterfaceException {
+        if (!javaInterface.isRemotable()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        List<Operation> operations = javaInterface.getOperations();
+        processInterface(javaInterface, operations);
+    }
+
+    private void processInterface(JavaInterface javaInterface, List<Operation> operations) {
+        Class<?> clazz = javaInterface.getJavaClass();
+        DataBinding dataBinding = clazz.getAnnotation(DataBinding.class);
+        String dataBindingId = null;
+        boolean wrapperStyle = false;
+        if (dataBinding != null) {
+            dataBindingId = dataBinding.value();
+            wrapperStyle = dataBinding.wrapped();
+        }
+
+        Map<String, Operation> opMap = new HashMap<String, Operation>();
+        for (Operation op : javaInterface.getOperations()) {
+            opMap.put(op.getName(), op);
+            // In the case of @WebMethod, the method name can be different from the operation name
+            if (op instanceof JavaOperation) {
+                opMap.put(((JavaOperation)op).getJavaMethod().getName(), op);
+            }
+            if (dataBindingId != null) {
+                op.setDataBinding(dataBindingId);
+                op.setWrapperStyle(wrapperStyle);
+            }
+        }
+        for (Method method : clazz.getMethods()) {
+            if (method.getDeclaringClass() == Object.class) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            Operation operation = opMap.get(method.getName());
+            if (operation == null) { // @WebMethod exclude=true
+                continue;
+            }
+            DataBinding methodDataBinding = clazz.getAnnotation(DataBinding.class);
+            if (methodDataBinding == null) {
+                methodDataBinding = dataBinding;
+            }
+            dataBindingId = null;
+            wrapperStyle = false;
+            if (dataBinding != null) {
+                dataBindingId = dataBinding.value();
+                wrapperStyle = dataBinding.wrapped();
+                operation.setDataBinding(dataBindingId);
+                operation.setWrapperStyle(wrapperStyle);
+            }
+
+            // FIXME: We need a better way to identify simple java types
+            int i = 0;
+            for (org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType<?> d : operation.getInputType().getLogical()) {
+                if (d.getDataBinding() == null) {
+                    d.setDataBinding(dataBindingId);
+                }
+                for (Annotation a : method.getParameterAnnotations()[i]) {
+                    if (a.annotationType() == org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.annotation.DataType.class) {
+                        String value = ((org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.annotation.DataType)a).value();
+                        d.setDataBinding(value);
+                    }
+                }
+                dataBindingRegistry.introspectType(d, operation);
+                i++;
+            }
+            if (operation.getOutputType() != null) {
+                DataType<?> d = operation.getOutputType();
+                if (d.getDataBinding() == null) {
+                    d.setDataBinding(dataBindingId);
+                }
+                org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.annotation.DataType dt =
+                    method.getAnnotation(org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.annotation.DataType.class);
+                if (dt != null) {
+                    d.setDataBinding(dt.value());
+                }
+                dataBindingRegistry.introspectType(d, operation);
+            }
+            for (org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType<?> d : operation.getFaultTypes()) {
+                if (d.getDataBinding() == null) {
+                    d.setDataBinding(dataBindingId);
+                }
+                // TODO: Handle exceptions
+                dataBindingRegistry.introspectType(d, operation);
+            }
+
+            // JIRA: TUSCANY-842
+            String db = operation.getDataBinding();
+            if (db == null || JAXB_DATABINDING.equals(db)) {
+                assignOperationDataBinding(operation);
+                db = operation.getDataBinding();
+            }
+
+            // Introspect the wrapper data type
+            if (operation.getWrapper() != null) {
+                org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBinding dbObj =
+                    dataBindingRegistry.getDataBinding(db);
+                WrapperHandler handler = dbObj == null ? null : dbObj.getWrapperHandler();
+                if (handler != null) {
+                    WrapperInfo wrapper = operation.getWrapper();
+                    wrapper.setInputWrapperType(handler.getWrapperType(operation, true));
+                    wrapper.setOutputWrapperType(handler.getWrapperType(operation, false));
+                }
+                if (dbObj != null && handler == null) {
+                    // To avoid JAXB wrapper bean generation
+                    WrapperInfo wrapper = operation.getWrapper();
+                    wrapper.setInputWrapperType(null);
+                    wrapper.setOutputWrapperType(null);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     *  Assigns an operation DB if one of the input types, output type, fault types has a non-default DB.
+     *  However, if two of the input types, output type, fault types have two different non-default DBs 
+     *  ( e.g. SDO and JAXB), then we do nothing to the operation DB.
+     *  
+     *  The method logic assumes the JavaBeans DataBinding is the default 
+     */
+    private void assignOperationDataBinding(Operation operation) {
+
+        Set<String> dbs = new HashSet<String>();
+
+        // Can't use DataType<?> since operation.getInputType() returns: DataType<List<DataType>> 
+        List<DataType> opDataTypes = new LinkedList<DataType>();
+
+        opDataTypes.addAll(operation.getInputType().getLogical());
+        opDataTypes.add(operation.getOutputType());
+        for (DataType<DataType> ft : operation.getFaultTypes()) {
+            opDataTypes.add(ft.getLogical());
+        }
+
+        for (DataType<?> d : opDataTypes) {
+            if (d != null) {
+                String dataBinding = d.getDataBinding();
+                if ("java:array".equals(dataBinding)) {
+                    dataBinding = ((DataType)d.getLogical()).getDataBinding();
+                }
+                if (dataBinding != null) {
+                    dbs.add(dataBinding);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        dbs.remove(JavaBeansDataBinding.NAME);
+        dbs.remove(SimpleJavaDataBinding.NAME);
+
+        if (dbs.size() == 1) {
+            operation.setDataBinding(dbs.iterator().next());
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/Array2ArrayTransformer.java b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/Array2ArrayTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..38ca2cd10c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/Array2ArrayTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.transformers;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Mediator;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.osoa.sca.annotations.Reference;
+
+/**
+ * This is a special transformer to transform the output from one IDL to the
+ * other one
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class Array2ArrayTransformer extends BaseTransformer<Object, Object> implements PullTransformer<Object, Object> {
+
+    protected Mediator mediator;
+
+    public Array2ArrayTransformer() {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param mediator the mediator to set
+     */
+    @Reference
+    public void setMediator(Mediator mediator) {
+        this.mediator = mediator;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getSourceDataBinding() {
+        return "java:array";
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getTargetDataBinding() {
+        return "java:array";
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer#getSourceType()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Object> getSourceType() {
+        return Object.class;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer#getTargetType()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Object> getTargetType() {
+        return Object.class;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Transformer#getWeight()
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 10;
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public Object transform(Object array, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            if (array == null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            DataType<DataType> sourceType = context.getSourceDataType();
+            DataType<DataType> targetType = context.getTargetDataType();
+            int length = Array.getLength(array);
+            Object targetArray = Array.newInstance(targetType.getPhysical().getComponentType(), length);
+            for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+                Object sourceItem = Array.get(array, i);
+                Object targetItem =
+                    mediator.mediate(sourceItem, sourceType.getLogical(), targetType.getLogical(), context
+                        .getMetadata());
+                Array.set(targetArray, i, targetItem);
+            }
+            return targetArray;
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/CallableReference2XMLStreamReader.java b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/CallableReference2XMLStreamReader.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..124928db24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/CallableReference2XMLStreamReader.java
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*

+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

+ * distributed with this work for additional information

+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

+ * 

+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

+ * 

+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an

+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the

+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations

+ * under the License.    

+ */

+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.transformers;

+

+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;

+

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.context.CallableReferenceImpl;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.StAXHelper;

+import org.osoa.sca.CallableReference;

+

+public class CallableReference2XMLStreamReader extends BaseTransformer<CallableReference, XMLStreamReader> implements

+    PullTransformer<CallableReference, XMLStreamReader> {

+

+    @Override

+    protected Class<CallableReference> getSourceType() {

+        return CallableReference.class;

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    protected Class<XMLStreamReader> getTargetType() {

+        return XMLStreamReader.class;

+    }

+

+    public XMLStreamReader transform(CallableReference source, TransformationContext context) {

+        try {

+            if (source != null) {

+                if (source instanceof CallableReferenceImpl) {

+                    XMLStreamReader xmlReader = ((CallableReferenceImpl)source).getXMLReader();

+                    if (xmlReader != null) {

+                        return xmlReader;

+                    } else {

+                        String xmlString = ((CallableReferenceImpl)source).toXMLString();

+

+                        // remove "<?xml...?>" processing instruction and wrap with a top-level element

+                        return StAXHelper.createXMLStreamReader("<reference xmlns=\"http://callable\">"

+                                        + xmlString.substring(xmlString.indexOf("?>") + 2)

+                                        + "</reference>");

+                    }

+                } else {   

+                    throw new TransformationException("Unrecognized transformation source object");

+                }

+            } else {

+                return null;

+            }

+        } catch (Exception e) {

+            throw new TransformationException(e);

+        }

+    }

+	

+    @Override

+    public int getWeight() {

+        return 10;

+    }

+

+}

diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/CallableReferenceDataBinding.java b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/CallableReferenceDataBinding.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7384b8a31d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/CallableReferenceDataBinding.java
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*

+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

+ * distributed with this work for additional information

+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

+ * 

+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

+ * 

+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an

+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the

+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations

+ * under the License.    

+ */

+

+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.transformers;

+

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseDataBinding;

+import org.osoa.sca.CallableReference;

+

+public class CallableReferenceDataBinding extends BaseDataBinding {

+    

+    public static final String NAME = CallableReference.class.getName();

+    public static final String[] ALIASES = new String[] {"callablereference"};

+

+    public CallableReferenceDataBinding() {

+        super(NAME, ALIASES, CallableReference.class);

+    }

+

+}

diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/CallableReferenceXMLAdapter.java b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/CallableReferenceXMLAdapter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ff6e444dcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/CallableReferenceXMLAdapter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.transformers;
+
+import java.io.StringReader;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+
+import javax.xml.bind.annotation.adapters.XmlAdapter;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLInputFactory;
+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
+import javax.xml.transform.Source;
+import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
+import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
+import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.xml.XMLStreamReader2String;
+import org.osoa.sca.CallableReference;
+
+/**
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class CallableReferenceXMLAdapter extends XmlAdapter<Source, CallableReference> {
+    private TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
+    private XMLInputFactory inputFactory = XMLInputFactory.newInstance();
+
+    @Override
+    public CallableReference unmarshal(Source v) throws Exception {
+        StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
+        StreamResult result = new StreamResult(sw);
+        transformerFactory.newTransformer().transform(v, result);
+        XMLStreamReader reader = inputFactory.createXMLStreamReader(new StringReader(sw.toString()));
+        XMLStreamReader2CallableReference t2 = new XMLStreamReader2CallableReference();
+        return t2.transform(reader, null);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Source marshal(CallableReference v) throws Exception {
+        CallableReference2XMLStreamReader t = new CallableReference2XMLStreamReader();
+        XMLStreamReader reader = t.transform(v, null);
+        XMLStreamReader2String t2 = new XMLStreamReader2String();
+        String xml = t2.transform(reader, null);
+        return new StreamSource(new StringReader(xml));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/Exception2ExceptionTransformer.java b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/Exception2ExceptionTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6e2e714bdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/Exception2ExceptionTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.transformers;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Mediator;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.FaultExceptionMapper;
+
+/**
+ * This is a special transformer to transform the exception from one IDL to the
+ * other one
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class Exception2ExceptionTransformer extends BaseTransformer<Throwable, Throwable> implements
+    PullTransformer<Throwable, Throwable> {
+
+    protected Mediator mediator;
+    protected FaultExceptionMapper faultExceptionMapper;
+
+    public Exception2ExceptionTransformer(Mediator mediator, FaultExceptionMapper faultExceptionMapper) {
+        super();
+        this.mediator = mediator;
+        this.faultExceptionMapper = faultExceptionMapper;
+    }
+
+    public Exception2ExceptionTransformer() {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getSourceDataBinding() {
+        return DataBinding.IDL_FAULT;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getTargetDataBinding() {
+        return DataBinding.IDL_FAULT;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param mediator the mediator to set
+     */
+    public void setMediator(Mediator mediator) {
+        this.mediator = mediator;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer#getSourceType()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Throwable> getSourceType() {
+        return Throwable.class;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer#getTargetType()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Throwable> getTargetType() {
+        return Throwable.class;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Transformer#getWeight()
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 10000;
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public Throwable transform(Throwable source, TransformationContext context) {
+        DataType<DataType> sourceType = context.getSourceDataType();
+
+        DataType<DataType> targetType = context.getTargetDataType();
+
+        Object sourceFaultInfo = faultExceptionMapper.getFaultInfo(source, sourceType.getLogical().getPhysical(), context.getSourceOperation());
+        Object targetFaultInfo =
+            mediator.mediate(sourceFaultInfo, sourceType.getLogical(), targetType.getLogical(), context.getMetadata());
+
+        Throwable targetException =
+            faultExceptionMapper.wrapFaultInfo(targetType, source.getMessage(), targetFaultInfo, source.getCause(), context.getTargetOperation());
+
+        // FIXME
+        return targetException == null ? source : targetException;
+
+    }
+
+    public void setFaultExceptionMapper(FaultExceptionMapper faultExceptionMapper) {
+        this.faultExceptionMapper = faultExceptionMapper;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/Input2InputTransformer.java b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/Input2InputTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..71694c0a0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/Input2InputTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.transformers;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.logging.Logger;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Mediator;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.WrapperHandler;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.ElementInfo;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.WrapperInfo;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;
+import org.osoa.sca.annotations.Reference;
+
+/**
+ * This is a special transformer to transform the input from one IDL to the
+ * other one
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class Input2InputTransformer extends BaseTransformer<Object[], Object[]> implements
+    PullTransformer<Object[], Object[]> {
+    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(Input2InputTransformer.class.getName());
+
+    protected Mediator mediator;
+
+    public Input2InputTransformer() {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getSourceDataBinding() {
+        return DataBinding.IDL_INPUT;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getTargetDataBinding() {
+        return DataBinding.IDL_INPUT;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param mediator the mediator to set
+     */
+    @Reference
+    public void setMediator(Mediator mediator) {
+        this.mediator = mediator;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer#getSourceType()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Object[]> getSourceType() {
+        return Object[].class;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer#getTargetType()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Object[]> getTargetType() {
+        return Object[].class;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Transformer#getWeight()
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 10000;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Match the structure of the wrapper element. If it matches, then we can do
+     * wrapper to wrapper transformation. Otherwise, we do child to child.
+     * @param w1
+     * @param w2
+     * @return
+     */
+    private boolean matches(WrapperInfo w1, WrapperInfo w2) {
+        if (w1 == null || w2 == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!w1.getInputWrapperElement().equals(w2.getInputWrapperElement())) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Compare the child elements
+        List<ElementInfo> list1 = w1.getInputChildElements();
+        List<ElementInfo> list2 = w2.getInputChildElements();
+        if (list1.size() != list2.size()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        // FXIME: [rfeng] At this point, the J2W generates local elments under the namespace
+        // of the interface instead of "". We only compare the local parts only to work around
+        // the namespace mismatch
+        for (int i = 0; i < list1.size(); i++) {
+            String n1 = list1.get(i).getQName().getLocalPart();
+            String n2 = list2.get(i).getQName().getLocalPart();
+            if (!n1.equals(n2)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public Object[] transform(Object[] source, TransformationContext context) {
+        // Check if the source operation is wrapped
+        DataType<List<DataType>> sourceType = context.getSourceDataType();
+        Operation sourceOp = context.getSourceOperation();
+        boolean sourceWrapped = sourceOp != null && sourceOp.isWrapperStyle();
+
+        // Find the wrapper handler for source data
+        WrapperHandler sourceWrapperHandler = null;
+        String sourceDataBinding = getDataBinding(sourceOp);
+        sourceWrapperHandler = getWrapperHandler(sourceDataBinding, sourceWrapped);
+
+        // Check if the target operation is wrapped
+        DataType<List<DataType>> targetType = context.getTargetDataType();
+        Operation targetOp = (Operation)context.getTargetOperation();
+        boolean targetWrapped = targetOp != null && targetOp.isWrapperStyle();
+
+        // Find the wrapper handler for target data
+        WrapperHandler targetWrapperHandler = null;
+        String targetDataBinding = getDataBinding(targetOp);
+        targetWrapperHandler = getWrapperHandler(targetDataBinding, targetWrapped);
+
+        if ((!sourceWrapped) && targetWrapped) {
+            // Unwrapped --> Wrapped
+            WrapperInfo wrapper = targetOp.getWrapper();
+            ElementInfo wrapperElement = wrapper.getInputWrapperElement();
+
+            Class<?> targetWrapperClass = wrapper != null ? wrapper.getInputWrapperClass() : null;
+
+            if (source == null) {
+                // Empty child elements
+                Object targetWrapper = targetWrapperHandler.create(targetOp, true);
+                return new Object[] {targetWrapper};
+            }
+
+            // If the source can be wrapped, wrapped it first
+            if (sourceWrapperHandler != null) {
+                WrapperInfo sourceWrapperInfo = sourceOp.getWrapper();
+                DataType sourceWrapperType = sourceWrapperInfo != null ? sourceWrapperInfo.getInputWrapperType() : null;
+
+                // We only do wrapper to wrapper transformation if the source has a wrapper and both sides
+                // match by XML structure
+                if (sourceWrapperType != null && matches(sourceOp.getWrapper(), targetOp.getWrapper())) {
+                    Class<?> sourceWrapperClass = sourceWrapperType.getPhysical();
+
+                    // Create the source wrapper
+                    Object sourceWrapper = sourceWrapperHandler.create(sourceOp, true);
+
+                    // Populate the source wrapper
+                    if (sourceWrapper != null) {
+                        sourceWrapperHandler.setChildren(sourceWrapper,
+                                                         source,
+                                                         sourceOp,
+                                                         true);
+
+                        // Transform the data from source wrapper to target wrapper
+                        Object targetWrapper =
+                            mediator.mediate(sourceWrapper, sourceWrapperType, targetType.getLogical().get(0), context
+                                .getMetadata());
+                        return new Object[] {targetWrapper};
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            // Fall back to child by child transformation
+            Object targetWrapper = targetWrapperHandler.create(targetOp, true);
+            List<DataType> argTypes = wrapper.getUnwrappedInputType().getLogical();
+            Object[] targetChildren = new Object[source.length];
+            for (int i = 0; i < source.length; i++) {
+                // ElementInfo argElement = wrapper.getInputChildElements().get(i);
+                DataType<XMLType> argType = argTypes.get(i);
+                targetChildren[i] =
+                    mediator.mediate(source[i], sourceType.getLogical().get(i), argType, context.getMetadata());
+            }
+            targetWrapperHandler.setChildren(targetWrapper,
+                                             targetChildren,
+                                             targetOp,
+                                             true);
+            return new Object[] {targetWrapper};
+
+        } else if (sourceWrapped && (!targetWrapped)) {
+            // Wrapped to Unwrapped
+            Object sourceWrapper = source[0];
+            Object[] target = null;
+
+            List<ElementInfo> childElements = sourceOp.getWrapper().getInputChildElements();
+            if (targetWrapperHandler != null) {
+                ElementInfo wrapperElement = sourceOp.getWrapper().getInputWrapperElement();
+                // FIXME: This is a workaround for the wsdless support as it passes in child elements
+                // under the wrapper that only matches by position
+                if (sourceWrapperHandler.isInstance(sourceWrapper, sourceOp, true)) {
+
+                    WrapperInfo targetWrapperInfo = targetOp.getWrapper();
+                    DataType targetWrapperType =
+                        targetWrapperInfo != null ? targetWrapperInfo.getInputWrapperType() : null;
+                    if (targetWrapperType != null && matches(sourceOp.getWrapper(), targetOp.getWrapper())) {
+                        Object targetWrapper =
+                            mediator.mediate(sourceWrapper, sourceType.getLogical().get(0), targetWrapperType, context
+                                .getMetadata());
+                        target = targetWrapperHandler.getChildren(targetWrapper, targetOp, true).toArray();
+                        return target;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            Object[] sourceChildren = sourceWrapperHandler.getChildren(sourceWrapper, sourceOp, true).toArray();
+            target = new Object[sourceChildren.length];
+            for (int i = 0; i < sourceChildren.length; i++) {
+                DataType<XMLType> childType = sourceOp.getWrapper().getUnwrappedInputType().getLogical().get(i);
+                target[i] =
+                    mediator.mediate(sourceChildren[i], childType, targetType.getLogical().get(i), context
+                        .getMetadata());
+            }
+            return target;
+        } else {
+            // Assuming wrapper to wrapper conversion can be handled here as well
+            Object[] newArgs = new Object[source.length];
+            for (int i = 0; i < source.length; i++) {
+                Object child =
+                    mediator.mediate(source[i], sourceType.getLogical().get(i), targetType.getLogical().get(i), context
+                        .getMetadata());
+                newArgs[i] = child;
+            }
+            return newArgs;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private WrapperHandler getWrapperHandler(String dataBindingId, boolean required) {
+        WrapperHandler wrapperHandler = null;
+        if (dataBindingId != null) {
+            DataBinding dataBinding = mediator.getDataBindings().getDataBinding(dataBindingId);
+            wrapperHandler = dataBinding == null ? null : dataBinding.getWrapperHandler();
+        }
+        if (wrapperHandler == null && required) {
+            throw new TransformationException("No wrapper handler is provided for databinding: " + dataBindingId);
+        }
+        return wrapperHandler;
+    }
+
+    private String getDataBinding(Operation operation) {
+        WrapperInfo wrapper = operation.getWrapper();
+        if (wrapper != null) {
+            return wrapper.getDataBinding();
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/Output2OutputTransformer.java b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/Output2OutputTransformer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..71253f00b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/Output2OutputTransformer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.transformers;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Mediator;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.WrapperHandler;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.ElementInfo;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.WrapperInfo;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;
+import org.osoa.sca.annotations.Reference;
+
+/**
+ * This is a special transformer to transform the output from one IDL to the
+ * other one
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class Output2OutputTransformer extends BaseTransformer<Object, Object> implements
+    PullTransformer<Object, Object> {
+
+    protected Mediator mediator;
+
+    /**
+     * @param wrapperHandler
+     */
+    public Output2OutputTransformer() {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param mediator the mediator to set
+     */
+    @Reference
+    public void setMediator(Mediator mediator) {
+        this.mediator = mediator;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getSourceDataBinding() {
+        return DataBinding.IDL_OUTPUT;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getTargetDataBinding() {
+        return DataBinding.IDL_OUTPUT;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer#getSourceType()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Object> getSourceType() {
+        return Object.class;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer#getTargetType()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected Class<Object> getTargetType() {
+        return Object.class;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Transformer#getWeight()
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int getWeight() {
+        return 10;
+    }
+
+    private String getDataBinding(Operation operation) {
+        WrapperInfo wrapper = operation.getWrapper();
+        if (wrapper != null) {
+            return wrapper.getDataBinding();
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private WrapperHandler getWrapperHandler(String dataBindingId, boolean required) {
+        WrapperHandler wrapperHandler = null;
+        if (dataBindingId != null) {
+            DataBinding dataBinding = mediator.getDataBindings().getDataBinding(dataBindingId);
+            wrapperHandler = dataBinding == null ? null : dataBinding.getWrapperHandler();
+        }
+        if (wrapperHandler == null && required) {
+            throw new TransformationException("No wrapper handler is provided for databinding: " + dataBindingId);
+        }
+        return wrapperHandler;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Match the structure of the wrapper element. If it matches, then we can do
+     * wrapper to wrapper transformation. Otherwise, we do child to child.
+     * @param w1
+     * @param w2
+     * @return
+     */
+    private boolean matches(WrapperInfo w1, WrapperInfo w2) {
+        if (w1 == null || w2 == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!w1.getOutputWrapperElement().equals(w2.getOutputWrapperElement())) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Compare the child elements
+        List<ElementInfo> list1 = w1.getOutputChildElements();
+        List<ElementInfo> list2 = w2.getOutputChildElements();
+        if (list1.size() != list2.size()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        // FXIME: [rfeng] At this point, the J2W generates local elments under the namespace
+        // of the interface instead of "". We only compare the local parts only to work around
+        // the namespace mismatch
+        for (int i = 0; i < list1.size(); i++) {
+            String n1 = list1.get(i).getQName().getLocalPart();
+            String n2 = list2.get(i).getQName().getLocalPart();
+            if (!n1.equals(n2)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public Object transform(Object response, TransformationContext context) {
+        try {
+            DataType<DataType> sourceType = context.getSourceDataType();
+            Operation sourceOp = context.getSourceOperation();
+            boolean sourceWrapped = sourceOp != null && sourceOp.isWrapperStyle();
+
+            WrapperHandler sourceWrapperHandler = null;
+            String sourceDataBinding = getDataBinding(sourceOp);
+            sourceWrapperHandler = getWrapperHandler(sourceDataBinding, sourceWrapped);
+
+            DataType<DataType> targetType = context.getTargetDataType();
+            Operation targetOp = (Operation)context.getTargetOperation();
+            boolean targetWrapped = targetOp != null && targetOp.isWrapperStyle();
+            WrapperHandler targetWrapperHandler = null;
+            String targetDataBinding = getDataBinding(targetOp);
+            targetWrapperHandler = getWrapperHandler(targetDataBinding, targetWrapped);
+
+            if ((!sourceWrapped) && targetWrapped) {
+                // Unwrapped --> Wrapped
+                WrapperInfo wrapper = targetOp.getWrapper();
+                ElementInfo wrapperElement = wrapper.getOutputWrapperElement();
+                List<ElementInfo> childElements = wrapper.getOutputChildElements();
+                Class<?> targetWrapperClass = wrapper != null ? wrapper.getOutputWrapperClass() : null;
+
+                // If the source can be wrapped, wrapped it first
+                if (sourceWrapperHandler != null) {
+                    WrapperInfo sourceWrapperInfo = sourceOp.getWrapper();
+                    DataType sourceWrapperType =
+                        sourceWrapperInfo != null ? sourceWrapperInfo.getOutputWrapperType() : null;
+
+                    if (sourceWrapperType != null && matches(sourceOp.getWrapper(), targetOp.getWrapper())) {
+                        Class<?> sourceWrapperClass = sourceWrapperType.getPhysical();
+
+                        Object sourceWrapper = sourceWrapperHandler.create(sourceOp, false);
+                        if (sourceWrapper != null) {
+                            if (!childElements.isEmpty()) {
+                                // Set the return value
+                                sourceWrapperHandler.setChildren(sourceWrapper,
+                                                                 new Object[] {response},
+                                                                 sourceOp,
+                                                                 false);
+                            }
+                            Object targetWrapper =
+                                mediator.mediate(sourceWrapper, sourceWrapperType, targetType.getLogical(), context
+                                    .getMetadata());
+                            return targetWrapper;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                Object targetWrapper = targetWrapperHandler.create(targetOp, false);
+
+                if (childElements.isEmpty()) {
+                    // void output
+                    return targetWrapper;
+                }
+
+                DataType<XMLType> argType = wrapper.getUnwrappedOutputType();
+                Object child = response;
+                child = mediator.mediate(response, sourceType.getLogical(), argType, context.getMetadata());
+                targetWrapperHandler.setChildren(targetWrapper, new Object[] {child}, targetOp, false);
+                return targetWrapper;
+            } else if (sourceWrapped && (!targetWrapped)) {
+                // Wrapped to Unwrapped
+                Object sourceWrapper = response;
+                List<ElementInfo> childElements = sourceOp.getWrapper().getOutputChildElements();
+                if (childElements.isEmpty()) {
+                    // The void output
+                    return null;
+                }
+                if (targetWrapperHandler != null) {
+                    ElementInfo wrapperElement = sourceOp.getWrapper().getOutputWrapperElement();
+
+                    // FIXME: This is a workaround for the wsdless support as it passes in child elements
+                    // under the wrapper that only matches by position
+                    if (sourceWrapperHandler.isInstance(sourceWrapper, sourceOp, false)) {
+
+                        WrapperInfo targetWrapperInfo = targetOp.getWrapper();
+                        DataType targetWrapperType =
+                            targetWrapperInfo != null ? targetWrapperInfo.getOutputWrapperType() : null;
+
+                        if (targetWrapperType != null && matches(sourceOp.getWrapper(), targetOp.getWrapper())) {
+                            Object targetWrapper =
+                                mediator.mediate(sourceWrapper, sourceType.getLogical(), targetWrapperType, context
+                                    .getMetadata());
+                            return targetWrapperHandler.getChildren(targetWrapper, targetOp, false).get(0);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                Object child = sourceWrapperHandler.getChildren(sourceWrapper, sourceOp, false).get(0);
+                DataType<?> childType = sourceOp.getWrapper().getUnwrappedOutputType();
+                return mediator.mediate(child, childType, targetType.getLogical(), context.getMetadata());
+            } else {
+                // FIXME: Do we want to handle wrapped to wrapped?
+                return mediator.mediate(response, sourceType.getLogical(), targetType.getLogical(), context
+                    .getMetadata());
+            }
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new TransformationException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/XMLStreamReader2CallableReference.java b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/XMLStreamReader2CallableReference.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..841efa9398
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/XMLStreamReader2CallableReference.java
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/*

+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

+ * distributed with this work for additional information

+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

+ * 

+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

+ * 

+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an

+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the

+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations

+ * under the License.    

+ */

+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.transformers;

+

+import static javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamConstants.START_ELEMENT;

+

+import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;

+

+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;

+import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;

+

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.context.CallableReferenceImpl;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.context.ServiceReferenceImpl;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.PullTransformer;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationContext;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.TransformationException;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.impl.BaseTransformer;

+import org.osoa.sca.CallableReference;

+

+@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

+public class XMLStreamReader2CallableReference extends BaseTransformer<XMLStreamReader, CallableReference>

+            implements PullTransformer<XMLStreamReader, CallableReference> {

+

+    private static final String SCA10_NS = "http://www.osoa.org/xmlns/sca/1.0";

+    private static final String COMPOSITE = "composite";

+    public static final QName COMPOSITE_QNAME = new QName(SCA10_NS, COMPOSITE);

+    

+    public CallableReference transform(XMLStreamReader source, TransformationContext context) {

+        try {

+            if (source != null) {

+                skipTopLevelElement(source);

+                Class refType = context.getTargetDataType().getPhysical();

+                Class implType;

+                if (refType.isAssignableFrom(CallableReferenceImpl.class)) {

+                    implType = CallableReferenceImpl.class;

+                } else if (refType.isAssignableFrom(ServiceReferenceImpl.class)) {

+                    implType = ServiceReferenceImpl.class;

+                } else {   

+                    throw new TransformationException("Unrecognized transformation target type");

+                }

+                Constructor constructor = implType.getConstructor(new Class[] {XMLStreamReader.class});

+                return (CallableReference)constructor.newInstance(new Object[] {source});

+            } else {

+                return null;

+            }

+        } catch (Exception e) {

+            throw new TransformationException(e);

+        }

+    }

+

+    /*

+     * Step over top-level element added by CallableReference2XMLStreamReader

+     */

+    private void skipTopLevelElement(XMLStreamReader source) throws XMLStreamException {

+        while (source.hasNext()) {

+            int event = source.getEventType();

+            if (event == START_ELEMENT) {

+                QName name = source.getName();

+                if (COMPOSITE_QNAME.equals(name)) {

+                    return;

+                }

+            }

+            source.next();

+        }

+        throw new TransformationException("<composite> element not found");

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    protected Class<XMLStreamReader> getSourceType() {

+        return XMLStreamReader.class;

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    protected Class<CallableReference> getTargetType() {

+        return CallableReference.class;

+    }

+

+    @Override

+    public int getWeight() {

+        return 10;

+    }

+

+}

diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/wire/DataBindingRuntimeWireProcessor.java b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/wire/DataBindingRuntimeWireProcessor.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e5965db2c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/wire/DataBindingRuntimeWireProcessor.java
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.wire;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBindingExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Mediator;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.FaultExceptionMapper;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.InterfaceContract;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.invocation.Interceptor;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.invocation.InvocationChain;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.invocation.Phase;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.runtime.RuntimeWire;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.runtime.RuntimeWireProcessor;
+
+/**
+ * This processor is responsible to add an interceptor to invocation chain if
+ * the source and target operations have different databinding requirements
+ * 
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class DataBindingRuntimeWireProcessor implements RuntimeWireProcessor {
+    private Mediator mediator;
+    private DataBindingExtensionPoint dataBindings;
+    private FaultExceptionMapper faultExceptionMapper;
+
+    public DataBindingRuntimeWireProcessor(Mediator mediator,
+                                           DataBindingExtensionPoint dataBindings,
+                                           FaultExceptionMapper faultExceptionMapper) {
+        super();
+        this.mediator = mediator;
+        this.dataBindings = dataBindings;
+        this.faultExceptionMapper = faultExceptionMapper;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isTransformationRequired(DataType source, DataType target) {
+        if (source == null || target == null) { // void return type
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (source == target) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Output type can be null
+        if (source == null && target == null) {
+            return false;
+        } else if (source == null || target == null) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        String sourceDataBinding = source.getDataBinding();
+        String targetDataBinding = target.getDataBinding();
+        if (sourceDataBinding == targetDataBinding) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (sourceDataBinding == null || targetDataBinding == null) {
+            // TODO: If any of the databinding is null, then no transformation
+            return false;
+        }
+        return !sourceDataBinding.equals(targetDataBinding);
+    }
+
+    public boolean isTransformationRequired(Operation source, Operation target) {
+        if (source == target) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (source.isWrapperStyle() != target.isWrapperStyle()) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        // Check output type
+        DataType sourceOutputType = source.getOutputType();
+        DataType targetOutputType = target.getOutputType();
+
+        // Note the target output type is now the source for checking
+        // compatibility
+        if (isTransformationRequired(targetOutputType, sourceOutputType)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        List<DataType> sourceInputType = source.getInputType().getLogical();
+        List<DataType> targetInputType = target.getInputType().getLogical();
+
+        int size = sourceInputType.size();
+        if (size != targetInputType.size()) {
+            // TUSCANY-1682: The wrapper style may have different arguments
+            return true;
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            if (isTransformationRequired(sourceInputType.get(i), targetInputType.get(i))) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private boolean isTransformationRequired(InterfaceContract sourceContract,
+                                             Operation sourceOperation,
+                                             InterfaceContract targetContract,
+                                             Operation targetOperation) {
+        if (targetContract == null) {
+            targetContract = sourceContract;
+        }
+        if (sourceContract == targetContract) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return isTransformationRequired(sourceOperation, targetOperation);
+    }
+
+    public void process(RuntimeWire wire) {
+        InterfaceContract sourceContract = wire.getSource().getInterfaceContract();
+        InterfaceContract targetContract = wire.getTarget().getInterfaceContract();
+        if (targetContract == null) {
+            targetContract = sourceContract;
+        }
+
+        if (!sourceContract.getInterface().isRemotable()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        List<InvocationChain> chains = wire.getInvocationChains();
+        for (InvocationChain chain : chains) {
+            Operation sourceOperation = chain.getSourceOperation();
+            Operation targetOperation = chain.getTargetOperation();
+
+            Interceptor interceptor = null;
+            if (isTransformationRequired(sourceContract, sourceOperation, targetContract, targetOperation)) {
+                // Add the interceptor to the source side because multiple
+                // references can be wired to the same service
+                interceptor =
+                    new DataTransformationInterceptor(wire, sourceOperation, targetOperation, mediator,
+                                                      faultExceptionMapper);
+            } else {
+                // assume pass-by-values copies are required if interfaces are remotable and there is no data binding
+                // transformation, i.e. a transformation will result in a copy so another pass-by-value copy is unnecessary
+                if (isRemotable(chain, sourceOperation, targetOperation)) {
+                    interceptor =
+                        new PassByValueInterceptor(dataBindings, faultExceptionMapper, chain, targetOperation);
+                }
+            }
+            if (interceptor != null) {
+                String phase =
+                    (wire.getSource().getContract() instanceof ComponentReference) ? Phase.REFERENCE_INTERFACE
+                        : Phase.SERVICE_INTERFACE;
+                chain.addInterceptor(phase, interceptor);
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Pass-by-value copies are required if the interfaces are remotable unless the
+     * implementation uses the @AllowsPassByReference annotation.
+     */
+    protected boolean isRemotable(InvocationChain chain, Operation sourceOperation, Operation targetOperation) {
+        if (!sourceOperation.getInterface().isRemotable()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!targetOperation.getInterface().isRemotable()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/wire/DataTransformationInterceptor.java b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/wire/DataTransformationInterceptor.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..89ce15e796
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/wire/DataTransformationInterceptor.java
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.wire;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Mediator;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.FaultExceptionMapper;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.impl.DataTypeImpl;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.FaultException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.invocation.DataExchangeSemantics;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.invocation.Interceptor;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.invocation.Invoker;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.invocation.Message;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.runtime.RuntimeWire;
+import org.osoa.sca.ServiceRuntimeException;
+
+/**
+ * An interceptor to transform data across databindings on the wire
+ * 
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class DataTransformationInterceptor implements Interceptor, DataExchangeSemantics {
+    private Invoker next;
+
+    private Operation sourceOperation;
+
+    private Operation targetOperation;
+    private RuntimeWire wire;
+    private Mediator mediator;
+    private FaultExceptionMapper faultExceptionMapper;
+    private FaultTransformHelper faultTransformHelper;
+
+    public DataTransformationInterceptor(RuntimeWire wire,
+                                         Operation sourceOperation,
+                                         Operation targetOperation,
+                                         Mediator mediator,
+                                         FaultExceptionMapper faultExceptionMapper) {
+        super();
+        this.sourceOperation = sourceOperation;
+        this.targetOperation = targetOperation;
+        this.mediator = mediator;
+        this.wire = wire;
+        this.faultExceptionMapper = faultExceptionMapper;
+        this.faultTransformHelper = new FaultTransformHelper(mediator);
+    }
+
+    public Invoker getNext() {
+        return next;
+    }
+
+    public Message invoke(Message msg) {
+        Object input = transform(msg.getBody(), sourceOperation.getInputType(), targetOperation.getInputType(), false);
+        msg.setBody(input);
+        Message resultMsg = next.invoke(msg);
+        Object result = resultMsg.getBody();
+        if (sourceOperation.isNonBlocking()) {
+            // Not to reset the message body
+            return resultMsg;
+        }
+
+        // FIXME: Should we fix the Operation model so that getOutputType
+        // returns DataType<DataType<T>>?
+        DataType<DataType> targetType =
+            new DataTypeImpl<DataType>(DataBinding.IDL_OUTPUT, Object.class, targetOperation.getOutputType());
+
+        DataType<DataType> sourceType =
+            new DataTypeImpl<DataType>(DataBinding.IDL_OUTPUT, Object.class, sourceOperation.getOutputType());
+
+        if (resultMsg.isFault()) {
+            Object transformedFault = null;
+            if ((result instanceof Exception) && !(result instanceof RuntimeException)) {
+                transformedFault = faultTransformHelper.transformFault(result, sourceOperation, targetOperation, wire);
+            } 
+            // Otherwise, we leave it to another layer to actually throw the RuntimeException which constitutes
+            // the message body.  We don't throw it here.
+            if (transformedFault != result) {
+                resultMsg.setFaultBody(transformedFault);
+            }
+        } else {
+            assert !(result instanceof Throwable) : "Expected messages that are not throwable " + result;
+            Object newResult = transform(result, targetType, sourceType, true);
+            resultMsg.setBody(newResult);
+        }        
+
+        return resultMsg;
+    }
+
+    private Object transform(Object source, DataType sourceType, DataType targetType, boolean isResponse) {
+        if (sourceType == targetType || (sourceType != null && sourceType.equals(targetType))) {
+            return source;
+        }
+        Map<String, Object> metadata = new HashMap<String, Object>();
+        metadata.put("source.operation", isResponse ? targetOperation : sourceOperation);
+        metadata.put("target.operation", isResponse ? sourceOperation : targetOperation);
+        metadata.put("wire", wire);
+        return mediator.mediate(source, sourceType, targetType, metadata);
+    }
+
+    public void setNext(Invoker next) {
+        this.next = next;
+    }
+
+    public boolean allowsPassByReference() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/wire/FaultTransformHelper.java b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/wire/FaultTransformHelper.java
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..9c1a054d90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/wire/FaultTransformHelper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.wire;

+

+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;

+import java.util.HashMap;

+import java.util.Map;

+

+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

+

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.Mediator;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.impl.DataTypeImpl;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.FaultException;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;

+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.runtime.RuntimeWire;

+import org.osoa.sca.ServiceRuntimeException;

+

+public class FaultTransformHelper {

+    

+    private Mediator mediator;

+    

+    public FaultTransformHelper(Mediator mediator) {

+        this.mediator = mediator;

+    }

+    

+    public Object transformFault(Object result, Operation sourceOperation, Operation targetOperation, RuntimeWire wire) {

+

+            // FIXME: How to match fault data to a fault type for the

+            // operation?

+

+            // If the result is from an InvocationTargetException look at

+            // the actual cause.

+            if (result instanceof InvocationTargetException) {

+                result = ((InvocationTargetException)result).getCause();

+            }

+            DataType targetDataType = null;

+            for (DataType exType : targetOperation.getFaultTypes()) {

+                if (((Class)exType.getPhysical()).isInstance(result)) {

+                    if (result instanceof FaultException) {

+                        DataType faultType = (DataType)exType.getLogical();

+                        if (((FaultException)result).isMatchingType(faultType.getLogical())) {

+                            targetDataType = exType;

+                            break;

+                        }

+                    } else {

+                        targetDataType = exType;

+                        break;

+                    }

+                }

+            }

+

+            /*

+            if (targetDataType == null) {

+                // Not a business exception

+                return resultMsg;

+            }

+            */

+

+            DataType targetFaultType = getFaultType(targetDataType);

+            if (targetFaultType == null) {

+                // No matching fault type, it's a system exception

+                Throwable cause = (Throwable) result;

+                throw new ServiceRuntimeException(cause);

+            }

+

+            // FIXME: How to match a source fault type to a target fault

+            // type?

+            DataType sourceDataType = null;

+            DataType sourceFaultType = null;

+            for (DataType exType : sourceOperation.getFaultTypes()) {

+                DataType faultType = getFaultType(exType);

+                // Match by the QName (XSD element) of the fault type

+                if (faultType != null && typesMatch(targetFaultType.getLogical(), faultType.getLogical())) {

+                    sourceDataType = exType;

+                    sourceFaultType = faultType;

+                    break;

+                }

+            }

+

+            if (sourceFaultType == null) {

+                // No matching fault type, it's a system exception

+                Throwable cause = (Throwable) result;

+                throw new ServiceRuntimeException(cause);

+            }

+

+            Map<String, Object> metadata = new HashMap<String, Object>();

+            metadata.put("source.operation", targetOperation);

+            metadata.put("target.operation", sourceOperation);

+            // When is the 'wire' used?

+            if (wire != null) {

+                metadata.put("wire", wire);

+            }

+            

+            Object newResult =

+                transformException(result, targetDataType, sourceDataType, targetFaultType, sourceFaultType, metadata);

+            

+            return newResult;

+

+    }

+    

+    /**

+     * @param source The source exception

+     * @param sourceExType The data type for the source exception

+     * @param targetExType The data type for the target exception

+     * @param sourceType The fault type for the source

+     * @param targetType The fault type for the target

+     * @return

+     */

+    private Object transformException(Object source,

+                                      DataType sourceExType,

+                                      DataType targetExType,

+                                      DataType sourceType,

+                                      DataType targetType,

+                                      Map<String, Object> metadata) {

+        

+        if (sourceType == targetType || (sourceType != null && sourceType.equals(targetType))) {

+            return source;

+        }

+

+        DataType<DataType> eSourceDataType =

+            new DataTypeImpl<DataType>("idl:fault", sourceExType.getPhysical(), sourceType);

+        DataType<DataType> eTargetDataType =

+            new DataTypeImpl<DataType>("idl:fault", targetExType.getPhysical(), targetType);

+

+        return mediator.mediate(source, eSourceDataType, eTargetDataType, metadata);

+    }

+    

+    private DataType getFaultType(DataType exceptionType) {

+        return exceptionType == null ? null : (DataType)exceptionType.getLogical();

+    }

+

+    private boolean typesMatch(Object first, Object second) {

+        if (first.equals(second)) {

+            return true;

+        }

+        if (first instanceof XMLType && second instanceof XMLType) {

+            XMLType t1 = (XMLType)first;

+            XMLType t2 = (XMLType)second;

+            // TUSCANY-2113, we should compare element names only

+            return matches(t1.getElementName(), t2.getElementName());

+        }

+        return false;

+    }

+    

+    /**

+     * @param qn1

+     * @param qn2

+     */

+    private boolean matches(QName qn1, QName qn2) {

+        if (qn1 == qn2) {

+            return true;

+        }

+        if (qn1 == null || qn2 == null) {

+            return false;

+        }

+        String ns1 = qn1.getNamespaceURI();

+        String ns2 = qn2.getNamespaceURI();

+        String e1 = qn1.getLocalPart();

+        String e2 = qn2.getLocalPart();

+        if (e1.equals(e2) && (ns1.equals(ns2) || ns1.equals(ns2 + "/") || ns2.equals(ns1 + "/"))) {

+            // Tolerating the trailing / which is required by JAX-WS java package --> xml ns mapping

+            return true;

+        }

+        return false;

+    }

+}

diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/wire/PassByValueInterceptor.java b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/wire/PassByValueInterceptor.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3586f54d71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/wire/PassByValueInterceptor.java
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.wire;
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.lang.reflect.Array;
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBindingExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.javabeans.JavaBeansDataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.jaxb.JAXBDataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.DataType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.FaultExceptionMapper;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.impl.DataTypeImpl;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.util.XMLType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.invocation.Interceptor;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.invocation.InvocationChain;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.invocation.Invoker;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.invocation.Message;
+import org.osoa.sca.ServiceRuntimeException;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of an interceptor that enforces pass-by-value semantics
+ * on operation invocations by copying the operation input and output data.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class PassByValueInterceptor implements Interceptor {
+
+    private DataBindingExtensionPoint dataBindings;
+    private FaultExceptionMapper faultExceptionMapper;
+
+    private DataBinding[] inputDataBindings;
+    private DataBinding outputDataBinding;
+    private DataBinding javaBeanDataBinding;
+    private DataBinding jaxbDataBinding;
+    private Operation operation;
+    private Invoker nextInvoker;
+    private InvocationChain chain;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new PassByValueInterceptor.
+     * @param dataBindings databinding extension point
+     * @param operation the intercepted operation
+     */
+    public PassByValueInterceptor(DataBindingExtensionPoint dataBindings,
+                                  FaultExceptionMapper faultExceptionMapper,
+                                  InvocationChain chain,
+                                  Operation operation) {
+        this.chain = chain;
+        this.operation = operation;
+
+        // Cache data bindings to use
+        this.dataBindings = dataBindings;
+        this.faultExceptionMapper = faultExceptionMapper;
+
+        jaxbDataBinding = dataBindings.getDataBinding(JAXBDataBinding.NAME);
+        javaBeanDataBinding = dataBindings.getDataBinding(JavaBeansDataBinding.NAME);
+
+        // Determine the input databindings
+        if (operation.getInputType() != null) {
+            List<DataType> inputTypes = operation.getInputType().getLogical();
+            inputDataBindings = new DataBinding[inputTypes.size()];
+            int i = 0;
+            for (DataType inputType : inputTypes) {
+                String id = inputType.getDataBinding();
+                inputDataBindings[i++] = dataBindings.getDataBinding(id);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Determine the output databinding
+        if (operation.getOutputType() != null) {
+            String id = operation.getOutputType().getDataBinding();
+            outputDataBinding = dataBindings.getDataBinding(id);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public Message invoke(Message msg) {
+        if (chain.allowsPassByReference()) {
+            return nextInvoker.invoke(msg);
+        }
+
+        msg.setBody(copy((Object[])msg.getBody(), inputDataBindings, operation.getInputType().getLogical()));
+
+        Message resultMsg = nextInvoker.invoke(msg);
+
+        if (!msg.isFault() && operation.getOutputType() != null) {
+            resultMsg.setBody(copy(resultMsg.getBody(), outputDataBinding, operation.getOutputType()));
+        }
+
+        if (msg.isFault()) {
+            msg.setFaultBody(copyFault(msg.getBody()));
+        }
+        return resultMsg;
+    }
+
+    private Object copyFault(Object fault) {
+        if (faultExceptionMapper == null) {
+            return fault;
+        }
+        for (DataType et : operation.getFaultTypes()) {
+            if (et.getPhysical().isInstance(fault)) {
+                Throwable ex = (Throwable)fault;
+                DataType<DataType> exType =
+                    new DataTypeImpl<DataType>(ex.getClass(), new DataTypeImpl<XMLType>(ex.getClass(), XMLType.UNKNOWN));
+                faultExceptionMapper.introspectFaultDataType(exType, operation, false);
+                DataType faultType = exType.getLogical();
+                Object faultInfo = faultExceptionMapper.getFaultInfo(ex, faultType.getPhysical(), operation);
+                faultInfo = copy(faultInfo, dataBindings.getDataBinding(faultType.getDataBinding()), faultType);
+                fault = faultExceptionMapper.wrapFaultInfo(exType, ex.getMessage(), faultInfo, ex.getCause(), operation);
+                return fault;
+            }
+        }
+        return fault;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Copy an array of data objects passed to an operation
+     * @param data array of objects to copy
+     * @return the copy
+     */
+    private Object[] copy(Object[] data, DataBinding[] dataBindings, List<DataType> dataTypes) {
+        if (data == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        Object[] copy = new Object[data.length];
+        Map<Object, Object> map = new IdentityHashMap<Object, Object>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
+            Object arg = data[i];
+            if (arg == null) {
+                copy[i] = null;
+            } else {
+                Object copiedArg = map.get(arg);
+                if (copiedArg != null) {
+                    copy[i] = copiedArg;
+                } else {
+                    copiedArg = copy(arg, dataBindings[i], dataTypes.get(i));
+                    map.put(arg, copiedArg);
+                    copy[i] = copiedArg;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return copy;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Copy data using the specified databinding.
+     * @param data input data
+     * @param dataBinding databinding to use
+     * @param dataType TODO
+     * @return a copy of the data
+     */
+    private Object copy(Object data, DataBinding dataBinding, DataType dataType) {
+        if (data == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        Class<?> clazz = data.getClass();
+        if (String.class == clazz || clazz.isPrimitive()
+            || Number.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)
+            || Boolean.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)
+            || Character.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)
+            || Byte.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)
+            || URI.class == clazz
+            || UUID.class == clazz
+            || QName.class == clazz) {
+            // Immutable classes
+            return data;
+        }
+        // If no databinding was specified, introspect the given arg to
+        // determine its databinding
+        if (dataBinding == null) {
+            dataType = dataBindings.introspectType(data, operation);
+            if (dataType != null) {
+                String db = dataType.getDataBinding();
+                dataBinding = dataBindings.getDataBinding(db);
+                if (dataBinding == null && db != null) {
+                    return data;
+                }
+            }
+            if (dataBinding == null) {
+
+                // Default to the JavaBean databinding
+                dataBinding = javaBeanDataBinding;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Use the JAXB databinding to copy non-Serializable data
+        if (dataBinding == javaBeanDataBinding) {
+
+            // If the input data is an array containing non Serializable elements
+            // use JAXB
+            clazz = data.getClass();
+            if (clazz.isArray()) {
+                if (Array.getLength(data) != 0) {
+                    Object element = Array.get(data, 0);
+                    if (element != null && !(element instanceof Serializable)) {
+                        dataBinding = jaxbDataBinding;
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+
+                // If the input data is not Serializable use JAXB
+                if (!(data instanceof Serializable)) {
+                    dataBinding = jaxbDataBinding;
+                }
+
+                if (data instanceof Cloneable) {
+                    Method clone;
+                    try {
+                        clone = data.getClass().getMethod("clone", (Class[])null);
+                        try {
+                            return clone.invoke(data, (Object[])null);
+                        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
+                            if (e.getTargetException() instanceof CloneNotSupportedException) {
+                                // Ignore 
+                            } else {
+                                throw new ServiceRuntimeException(e);
+                            }
+                        } catch (Exception e) {
+                            throw new ServiceRuntimeException(e);
+                        }
+                    } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
+                        // Ignore it
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Object copy = dataBinding.copy(data, dataType, operation);
+        return copy;
+    }
+
+    public Invoker getNext() {
+        return nextInvoker;
+    }
+
+    public void setNext(Invoker next) {
+        this.nextInvoker = next;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.ModuleActivator b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.ModuleActivator
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..baba638c9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.ModuleActivator
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

+# distributed with this work for additional information

+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

+# 

+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

+# 

+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an

+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the

+# specific language governing permissions and limitations

+# under the License. 

+# Implementation class for the ExtensionActivator

+org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.module.DataBindingModuleActivator

diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/processor/DataBindingJavaInterfaceProcessorTestCase.java b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/processor/DataBindingJavaInterfaceProcessorTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b0c39e18ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/processor/DataBindingJavaInterfaceProcessorTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.processor;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DataBindingExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.DefaultDataBindingExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.databinding.annotation.DataBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.InvalidInterfaceException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.Operation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.impl.OperationImpl;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.java.DefaultJavaInterfaceFactory;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.java.JavaInterface;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.java.JavaInterfaceContract;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.java.JavaInterfaceFactory;
+import org.osoa.sca.annotations.Remotable;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+
+/**
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class DataBindingJavaInterfaceProcessorTestCase extends TestCase {
+
+    /**
+     * @see junit.framework.TestCase#setUp()
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @throws InvalidServiceContractException
+     */
+    public final void testVisitInterface() throws InvalidInterfaceException {
+        DataBindingExtensionPoint registry = new DefaultDataBindingExtensionPoint();
+        DataBindingJavaInterfaceProcessor processor = new DataBindingJavaInterfaceProcessor(registry);
+        JavaInterfaceFactory javaFactory = new DefaultJavaInterfaceFactory();
+        
+        JavaInterface contract = javaFactory.createJavaInterface();
+        contract.setJavaClass(MockInterface.class);
+        JavaInterfaceContract interfaceContract = javaFactory.createJavaInterfaceContract();
+        interfaceContract.setInterface(contract);
+        Operation operation = newOperation("call");
+        Operation operation1 = newOperation("call1");
+        contract.getOperations().add(operation);
+        contract.getOperations().add(operation1);
+        contract.setRemotable(true);
+        processor.visitInterface(contract);
+        // Assert.assertEquals("org.w3c.dom.Node", contract.getDataBinding());
+        // Assert.assertEquals("org.w3c.dom.Node",
+        // contract.getOperations().get("call").getDataBinding());
+        // Assert.assertEquals("xml:string",
+        // contract.getOperations().get("call1").getDataBinding());
+    }
+
+    @DataBinding("org.w3c.dom.Node")
+    @Remotable
+    public static interface MockInterface {
+        Node call(Node msg);
+
+        @DataBinding("xml:string")
+        String call1(String msg);
+    }
+
+    private static Operation newOperation(String name) {
+        Operation operation = new OperationImpl();
+        operation.setName(name);
+        return operation;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/IDLTransformerTestCaseFIXME.java b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/IDLTransformerTestCaseFIXME.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7d49fb7112
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sandbox/scottkurz/core-databinding/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/core/databinding/transformers/IDLTransformerTestCaseFIXME.java
@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.databinding.transformers;
+
+//import static org.apache.tuscany.spi.databinding.DataBinding.IDL_INPUT;
+//import static org.apache.tuscany.spi.databinding.DataBinding.IDL_OUTPUT;
+//
+//import java.util.ArrayList;
+//import java.util.List;
+//
+//import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+//import org.apache.tuscany.databinding.impl.DataBindingRegistryImpl;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.databinding.impl.MediatorImpl;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.databinding.impl.TransformationContextImpl;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.databinding.impl.TransformerRegistryImpl;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.databinding.javabeans.DOMNode2JavaBeanTransformer;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.databinding.javabeans.JavaBean2DOMNodeTransformer;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.databinding.xml.DOMDataBinding;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.databinding.xml.Node2String;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.databinding.xml.String2Node;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.interfacedef.DataType;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.interfacedef.Operation;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.interfacedef.impl.DataTypeImpl;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.interfacedef.impl.OperationImpl;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.interfacedef.util.ElementInfo;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.interfacedef.util.TypeInfo;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.interfacedef.util.WrapperInfo;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.interfacedef.util.XMLType;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.spi.databinding.DataBindingRegistry;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.spi.databinding.TransformationContext;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.spi.databinding.extension.DOMHelper;
+//import org.apache.tuscany.spi.databinding.extension.SimpleTypeMapperExtension;
+//import org.w3c.dom.Document;
+//import org.w3c.dom.Element;
+
+public class IDLTransformerTestCaseFIXME extends TestCase {
+//    private static final String IPO_XML = "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>" + "<order1"
+//                                          + "  xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\""
+//                                          + "  xmlns:ipo=\"http://www.example.com/IPO\""
+//                                          + "  xsi:schemaLocation=\"http://www.example.com/IPO ipo.xsd\""
+//                                          + "  orderDate=\"1999-12-01\">"
+//                                          + "  <shipTo exportCode=\"1\" xsi:type=\"ipo:UKAddress\">"
+//                                          + "    <name>Helen Zoe</name>"
+//                                          + "    <street>47 Eden Street</street>"
+//                                          + "    <city>Cambridge</city>"
+//                                          + "    <postcode>CB1 1JR</postcode>"
+//                                          + "  </shipTo>"
+//                                          + "  <billTo xsi:type=\"ipo:USAddress\">"
+//                                          + "    <name>Robert Smith</name>"
+//                                          + "    <street>8 Oak Avenue</street>"
+//                                          + "    <city>Old Town</city>"
+//                                          + "    <state>PA</state>"
+//                                          + "    <zip>95819</zip>"
+//                                          + "  </billTo>"
+//                                          + "  <items>"
+//                                          + "    <item partNum=\"833-AA\">"
+//                                          + "      <productName>Lapis necklace</productName>"
+//                                          + "      <quantity>1</quantity>"
+//                                          + "      <USPrice>99.95</USPrice>"
+//                                          + "      <ipo:comment>Want this for the holidays</ipo:comment>"
+//                                          + "      <shipDate>1999-12-05</shipDate>"
+//                                          + "    </item>"
+//                                          + "  </items>"
+//                                          + "</order1>";
+//
+//    private static final String URI_ORDER_XSD = "http://example.com/order.xsd";
+//
+//    /**
+//     * @see junit.framework.TestCase#setUp()
+//     */
+//    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+//        super.setUp();
+//    }
+//
+//    public void testTransform() throws Exception {
+//        List<DataType> types0 = new ArrayList<DataType>();
+//        DataType<XMLType> wrapperType = new DataTypeImpl<XMLType>(null, Object.class,
+//                                                                  new XMLType(new QName(URI_ORDER_XSD,
+//                                                                                        "checkOrderStatus"), null));
+//        types0.add(wrapperType);
+//        DataType<List<DataType>> inputType0 = new DataTypeImpl<List<DataType>>(IDL_INPUT,
+//                                                                                                 Object[].class, types0);
+//
+//        List<DataType> types1 = new ArrayList<DataType>();
+//        DataType<XMLType> customerIdType = new DataTypeImpl<XMLType>(
+//                                                                     null,
+//                                                                     Object.class,
+//                                                                     new XMLType(
+//                                                                                 new QName(URI_ORDER_XSD, "customerId"),
+//                                                                                 null));
+//        DataType<XMLType> orderType = new DataTypeImpl<XMLType>(null, Object.class,
+//                                                                new XMLType(new QName(URI_ORDER_XSD, "order"), null));
+//        DataType<XMLType> flagType = new DataTypeImpl<XMLType>(null, Object.class, new XMLType(new QName(URI_ORDER_XSD,
+//                                                                                                         "flag"), null));
+//        types1.add(customerIdType);
+//        types1.add(orderType);
+//        types1.add(flagType);
+//
+//        DataType<XMLType> statusType = new DataTypeImpl<XMLType>(null, Object.class,
+//                                                                 new XMLType(new QName(URI_ORDER_XSD, "status"), null));
+//        DataType<XMLType> responseType = new DataTypeImpl<XMLType>(null, Object.class,
+//                                                                   new XMLType(new QName(URI_ORDER_XSD,
+//                                                                                         "checkOrderStatusResponse"),
+//                                                                               null));
+//
+//        Operation op = new OperationImpl("checkOrderStatus");
+//        op.setInputType(inputType0);
+//        op.setOutputType(responseType);
+////        op.setDataBinding(DOMDataBinding.NAME);
+////
+////        inputType0.setOperation(op);
+//        op.setWrapperStyle(true);
+//        ElementInfo inputElement = new ElementInfo(new QName(URI_ORDER_XSD, "checkOrderStatus"), new TypeInfo(null,
+//                                                                                                              false,
+//                                                                                                              null));
+////        wrapperType.setMetadata(ElementInfo.class.getName(), inputElement);
+//
+//        ElementInfo customerId = new ElementInfo(new QName("", "customerId"),
+//                                                 SimpleTypeMapperExtension.XSD_SIMPLE_TYPES.get("string"));
+//        ElementInfo order = new ElementInfo(new QName("", "order"), new TypeInfo(new QName(URI_ORDER_XSD), false, null));
+//        ElementInfo flag = new ElementInfo(new QName("", "flag"), SimpleTypeMapperExtension.XSD_SIMPLE_TYPES.get("int"));
+//
+////        customerIdType.setMetadata(ElementInfo.class.getName(), customerId);
+////        orderType.setMetadata(ElementInfo.class.getName(), order);
+////        flagType.setMetadata(ElementInfo.class.getName(), flag);
+////
+////        customerIdType.setOperation(op);
+////        orderType.setOperation(op);
+////        flagType.setOperation(op);
+//
+//        List<ElementInfo> inputElements = new ArrayList<ElementInfo>();
+//        inputElements.add(customerId);
+//        inputElements.add(order);
+//        inputElements.add(flag);
+//
+//        ElementInfo statusElement = new ElementInfo(new QName("", "status"), SimpleTypeMapperExtension.XSD_SIMPLE_TYPES
+//            .get("string"));
+//
+////        statusType.setMetadata(ElementInfo.class.getName(), statusElement);
+////        statusType.setOperation(op);
+//
+//        List<ElementInfo> outputElements = new ArrayList<ElementInfo>();
+//        outputElements.add(statusElement);
+//
+//        ElementInfo outputElement = new ElementInfo(new QName(URI_ORDER_XSD, "checkOrderStatusResponse"),
+//                                                    new TypeInfo(null, false, null));
+//
+////        responseType.setMetadata(ElementInfo.class.getName(), inputElement);
+////        responseType.setOperation(op);
+//
+//        WrapperInfo wrapperInfo = new WrapperInfo(DOMDataBinding.NAME, inputElement, outputElement, inputElements,
+//                                                  outputElements);
+//        op.setWrapper(wrapperInfo);
+////        op.setDataBinding(DOMDataBinding.NAME);
+//
+//        MediatorImpl m = new MediatorImpl();
+//        TransformerRegistryImpl tr = new TransformerRegistryImpl();
+//        tr.registerTransformer(new String2Node());
+//        tr.registerTransformer(new Node2String());
+//        tr.registerTransformer(new DOMNode2JavaBeanTransformer());
+//        tr.registerTransformer(new JavaBean2DOMNodeTransformer());
+//        m.setTransformerRegistry(tr);
+//        DataBindingRegistry dataBindingRegistry = new DataBindingRegistryImpl();
+//        dataBindingRegistry.register(new DOMDataBinding());
+//        m.setDataBindingRegistry(dataBindingRegistry);
+//
+//        Object[] source = new Object[] {"cust001", IPO_XML, Integer.valueOf(1)};
+//        Input2InputTransformer t = new Input2InputTransformer();
+//        t.setMediator(m);
+//
+//        TransformationContext context = new TransformationContextImpl();
+//        context.setSourceOperation(op);
+//        List<DataType<Class>> types = new ArrayList<DataType<Class>>();
+//        types.add(new DataTypeImpl<Class>(Object.class.getName(), String.class, String.class));
+//        types.add(new DataTypeImpl<Class>("java.lang.String", String.class, String.class));
+//        types.add(new DataTypeImpl<Class>(Object.class.getName(), int.class, int.class));
+//        DataType<List<DataType<Class>>> inputType1 = new DataTypeImpl<List<DataType<Class>>>(IDL_INPUT, Object[].class,
+//                                                                                             types);
+//        context.setSourceDataType(inputType1);
+//        context.setTargetDataType(op.getInputType());
+//        Object[] results = t.transform(source, context);
+//        assertEquals(1, results.length);
+//        assertTrue(results[0] instanceof Element);
+//        Element element = (Element)results[0];
+//        assertEquals("http://example.com/order.xsd", element.getNamespaceURI());
+//        assertEquals("checkOrderStatus", element.getLocalName());
+//
+//        TransformationContext context1 = new TransformationContextImpl();
+//        DataType<DataType> sourceType = new DataTypeImpl<DataType>(IDL_OUTPUT, Object.class, op.getOutputType());
+//
+//        context1.setSourceDataType(sourceType);
+//        DataType<DataType> targetType = new DataTypeImpl<DataType>(IDL_OUTPUT, Object.class,
+//                                                                   new DataTypeImpl<Class>("java.lang.Object",
+//                                                                                           String.class, String.class));
+//        context1.setTargetDataType(targetType);
+//
+//        Document factory = DOMHelper.newDocument();
+//        Element responseElement = factory
+//            .createElementNS("http://example.com/order.wsdl", "p:checkOrderStatusResponse");
+//        Element status = factory.createElement("status");
+//        responseElement.appendChild(status);
+//        status.appendChild(factory.createTextNode("shipped"));
+//        Output2OutputTransformer t2 = new Output2OutputTransformer();
+//        t2.setMediator(m);
+//        Object st = t2.transform(responseElement, context1);
+//        assertEquals("shipped", st);
+//
+//    }
+//
+}