Start to copy builders from assembly module

git-svn-id: http://svn.us.apache.org/repos/asf/tuscany@819680 13f79535-47bb-0310-9956-ffa450edef68

21 files changed, 5711 insertions, 4 deletions

diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/BaseBuilderImpl.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/BaseBuilderImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e78c0c46d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/BaseBuilderImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,705 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
+import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.AssemblyFactory;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Component;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentProperty;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentService;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Composite;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Contract;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Implementation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Property;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Reference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.SCABinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.SCABindingFactory;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Service;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.BuilderExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilder;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.ExtensionPointRegistry;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.FactoryExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.UtilityExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.definitions.Definitions;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.InterfaceContract;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.InterfaceContractMapper;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Monitor;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Problem;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Problem.Severity;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.policy.ExtensionType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.policy.PolicySubject;
+import org.w3c.dom.Document;
+
+/**
+ * Base class for Builder implementations
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public abstract class BaseBuilderImpl implements CompositeBuilder {
+    protected static final String SCA11_NS = "http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/opencsa/sca/200903";
+    protected static final String BINDING_SCA = "binding.sca";
+    protected static final QName BINDING_SCA_QNAME = new QName(SCA11_NS, BINDING_SCA);
+
+    protected AssemblyFactory assemblyFactory;
+    protected SCABindingFactory scaBindingFactory;
+    protected InterfaceContractMapper interfaceContractMapper;
+    protected DocumentBuilderFactory documentBuilderFactory;
+    protected TransformerFactory transformerFactory;
+    protected BuilderExtensionPoint builders;
+
+    protected BaseBuilderImpl(BuilderExtensionPoint builders,
+                              AssemblyFactory assemblyFactory,
+                              SCABindingFactory scaBindingFactory,
+                              DocumentBuilderFactory documentBuilderFactory,
+                              TransformerFactory transformerFactory,
+                              InterfaceContractMapper interfaceContractMapper) {
+        this.builders = builders;
+        this.assemblyFactory = assemblyFactory;
+        this.scaBindingFactory = scaBindingFactory;
+        this.documentBuilderFactory = documentBuilderFactory;
+        this.transformerFactory = transformerFactory;
+        this.interfaceContractMapper = interfaceContractMapper;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a builder from the extension point registry
+     * @param registry
+     */
+    protected BaseBuilderImpl(ExtensionPointRegistry registry) {
+        this.builders = registry.getExtensionPoint(BuilderExtensionPoint.class);
+        FactoryExtensionPoint factoryExtensionPoint = registry.getExtensionPoint(FactoryExtensionPoint.class);
+        this.assemblyFactory = factoryExtensionPoint.getFactory(AssemblyFactory.class);
+        this.scaBindingFactory = factoryExtensionPoint.getFactory(SCABindingFactory.class);
+        this.documentBuilderFactory = factoryExtensionPoint.getFactory(DocumentBuilderFactory.class);
+        this.transformerFactory = factoryExtensionPoint.getFactory(TransformerFactory.class);
+        this.interfaceContractMapper =
+            registry.getExtensionPoint(UtilityExtensionPoint.class).getUtility(InterfaceContractMapper.class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Report a warning.
+     *
+     * @param monitor
+     * @param problems
+     * @param message
+     * @param model
+     */
+    protected void warning(Monitor monitor, String message, Object model, Object... messageParameters) {
+        if (monitor != null) {
+            Problem problem =
+                monitor.createProblem(this.getClass().getName(),
+                                      "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                      Severity.WARNING,
+                                      model,
+                                      message,
+                                      messageParameters);
+            monitor.problem(problem);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Report a error.
+     *
+     * @param monitor
+     * @param problems
+     * @param message
+     * @param model
+     */
+    protected void error(Monitor monitor, String message, Object model, Object... messageParameters) {
+        if (monitor != null) {
+            Problem problem =
+                monitor.createProblem(this.getClass().getName(),
+                                      "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                      Severity.ERROR,
+                                      model,
+                                      message,
+                                      messageParameters);
+            monitor.problem(problem);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Report a exception.
+     *
+     * @param problems
+     * @param message
+     * @param model
+     */
+    protected void error(Monitor monitor, String message, Object model, Exception ex) {
+        if (monitor != null) {
+            Problem problem = null;
+            problem =
+                monitor.createProblem(this.getClass().getName(),
+                                      "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                      Severity.ERROR,
+                                      model,
+                                      message,
+                                      ex);
+            monitor.problem(problem);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Index components inside a composite
+     *
+     * @param composite
+     * @param componentServices
+
+     */
+    protected void indexComponents(Composite composite, Map<String, Component> components) {
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+            // Index components by name
+            components.put(component.getName(), component);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Index services inside a composite
+     *
+     * @param composite
+     * @param componentServices
+     */
+    protected void indexServices(Composite composite, Map<String, ComponentService> componentServices) {
+
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+
+            ComponentService nonCallbackService = null;
+            int nonCallbackServiceCount = 0;
+
+            for (ComponentService componentService : component.getServices()) {
+                // Index component services by component name / service name
+                String uri = component.getName() + '/' + componentService.getName();
+                componentServices.put(uri, componentService);
+
+                // count how many non-callback there are
+                if (!componentService.isForCallback()) {
+
+                    if (nonCallbackServiceCount == 0) {
+                        nonCallbackService = componentService;
+                    }
+                    nonCallbackServiceCount++;
+                }
+            }
+            if (nonCallbackServiceCount == 1) {
+                // If we have a single non callback service, index it by
+                // component name as well
+                componentServices.put(component.getName(), nonCallbackService);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Index components, services and references inside a composite.
+     * @param composite
+     * @param components
+     * @param componentServices
+     * @param componentReferences
+     */
+    protected void indexComponentsServicesAndReferences(Composite composite,
+                                                        Map<String, Component> components,
+                                                        Map<String, ComponentService> componentServices,
+                                                        Map<String, ComponentReference> componentReferences) {
+
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+
+            // Index components by name
+            components.put(component.getName(), component);
+
+            ComponentService nonCallbackService = null;
+            int nonCallbackServices = 0;
+            for (ComponentService componentService : component.getServices()) {
+
+                // Index component services by component name / service name
+                String uri = component.getName() + '/' + componentService.getName();
+                componentServices.put(uri, componentService);
+
+                // TODO - EPR - $promoted$ no longer used but it doesn't do any harm here
+                boolean promotedService = false;
+                if (componentService.getName() != null && componentService.getName().indexOf("$promoted$") > -1) {
+                    promotedService = true;
+                }
+
+                // count how many non-callback, non-promoted services there are
+                // if there is only one the component name also acts as the service name
+                if ((!componentService.isForCallback()) && (!promotedService)) {
+
+                    // Check how many non callback non-promoted services we have
+                    if (nonCallbackServices == 0) {
+                        nonCallbackService = componentService;
+                    }
+                    nonCallbackServices++;
+                }
+
+            }
+
+            if (nonCallbackServices == 1) {
+                // If we have a single non callback service, index it by
+                // component name as well
+                componentServices.put(component.getName(), nonCallbackService);
+            }
+
+            // Index references by component name / reference name
+            for (ComponentReference componentReference : component.getReferences()) {
+                String uri = component.getName() + '/' + componentReference.getName();
+                componentReferences.put(uri, componentReference);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected void indexComponentPropertiesServicesAndReferences(Component component,
+                                                                 Map<String, ComponentService> componentServices,
+                                                                 Map<String, ComponentReference> componentReferences,
+                                                                 Map<String, ComponentProperty> componentProperties,
+                                                                 Monitor monitor) {
+        for (ComponentService componentService : component.getServices()) {
+            if (componentServices.containsKey(componentService.getName())) {
+                // [MJE 13/05/2009] Changed to "error" since allowing these violates the OASIS spec
+                error(monitor, "DuplicateComponentServiceName", component, component.getName(), componentService
+                    .getName());
+            } else {
+                componentServices.put(componentService.getName(), componentService);
+            }
+        }
+        for (ComponentReference componentReference : component.getReferences()) {
+            if (componentReferences.containsKey(componentReference.getName())) {
+                // [MJE 13/05/2009] Changed to "error" since allowing these violates the OASIS spec
+                error(monitor, "DuplicateComponentReferenceName", component, component.getName(), componentReference
+                    .getName());
+            } else {
+                componentReferences.put(componentReference.getName(), componentReference);
+            }
+        }
+        for (ComponentProperty componentProperty : component.getProperties()) {
+            if (componentProperties.containsKey(componentProperty.getName())) {
+                // [MJE 13/05/2009] Changed to "error" since allowing these violates the OASIS spec
+                error(monitor, "DuplicateComponentPropertyName", component, component.getName(), componentProperty
+                    .getName());
+            } else {
+                componentProperties.put(componentProperty.getName(), componentProperty);
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    protected void indexImplementationPropertiesServicesAndReferences(Component component,
+                                                                      Map<String, Service> services,
+                                                                      Map<String, Reference> references,
+                                                                      Map<String, Property> properties,
+                                                                      Monitor monitor) {
+        // First check that the component has a resolved implementation
+        Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+        if (implementation == null) {
+            // A component must have an implementation
+            error(monitor, "NoComponentImplementation", component, component.getName());
+
+        } else if (implementation.isUnresolved()) {
+
+            // The implementation must be fully resolved
+            error(monitor, "UnresolvedComponentImplementation", component, component.getName(), implementation.getURI());
+
+        } else {
+
+            // Index properties, services and references, also check for
+            // duplicates
+            for (Property property : implementation.getProperties()) {
+                if (properties.containsKey(property.getName())) {
+                    // [MJE 13/05/2009] Changed to "error" since allowing these violates the OASIS spec
+                    error(monitor, "DuplicateImplementationPropertyName", component, component.getName(), property
+                        .getName());
+                } else {
+                    properties.put(property.getName(), property);
+                }
+            }
+            for (Service service : implementation.getServices()) {
+                if (services.containsKey(service.getName())) {
+                    // [MJE 13/05/2009] Changed to "error" since allowing these violates the OASIS spec
+                    error(monitor, "DuplicateImplementationServiceName", component, component.getName(), service
+                        .getName());
+                } else {
+                    services.put(service.getName(), service);
+                }
+            }
+            for (Reference reference : implementation.getReferences()) {
+                if (references.containsKey(reference.getName())) {
+                    // [MJE 13/05/2009] Changed to "error" since allowing these violates the OASIS spec
+                    error(monitor, "DuplicateImplementationReferenceName", component, component.getName(), reference
+                        .getName());
+                } else {
+                    references.put(reference.getName(), reference);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reconcile component properties and the properties defined by the
+     * component type.
+     *
+     * @param component
+     * @param properties
+     * @param componentProperties
+     * @param problems
+     */
+    protected void reconcileProperties(Component component,
+                                       Map<String, Property> properties,
+                                       Map<String, ComponentProperty> componentProperties,
+                                       Monitor monitor) {
+
+        // Connect component properties to their properties
+        for (ComponentProperty componentProperty : component.getProperties()) {
+            Property property = properties.get(componentProperty.getName());
+            if (property != null) {
+                componentProperty.setProperty(property);
+            } else {
+                error(monitor, "PropertyNotFound", component, component.getName(), componentProperty.getName());
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Create component properties for all properties
+        if (component.getImplementation() != null) {
+            for (Property property : component.getImplementation().getProperties()) {
+                if (!componentProperties.containsKey(property.getName())) {
+                    ComponentProperty componentProperty = assemblyFactory.createComponentProperty();
+                    componentProperty.setName(property.getName());
+                    componentProperty.setValue(property.getValue());
+                    componentProperty.setMany(property.isMany());
+                    componentProperty.setMustSupply(property.isMustSupply());
+                    componentProperty.setXSDElement(property.getXSDElement());
+                    componentProperty.setXSDType(property.getXSDType());
+                    componentProperty.setProperty(property);
+                    component.getProperties().add(componentProperty);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Reconcile component properties and their properties
+        for (ComponentProperty componentProperty : component.getProperties()) {
+            Property property = componentProperty.getProperty();
+            if (property != null) {
+
+                // Check that a component property does not override the
+                // mustSupply attribute
+                if (!property.isMustSupply() && componentProperty.isMustSupply()) {
+                    warning(monitor,
+                            "PropertyMustSupplyIncompatible",
+                            component,
+                            component.getName(),
+                            componentProperty.getName());
+                }
+
+                // Default to the mustSupply attribute specified on the property
+                if (!componentProperty.isMustSupply())
+                    componentProperty.setMustSupply(property.isMustSupply());
+
+                // Default to the value specified on the component type property
+                if (!isPropertyValueSet(componentProperty)) {
+                    componentProperty.setValue(property.getValue());
+                }
+
+                // Override the property value for the composite
+                if (component.getImplementation() instanceof Composite) {
+                    property.setValue(componentProperty.getValue());
+                }
+
+                // Check that a value is supplied
+                if (!isPropertyValueSet(componentProperty) && property.isMustSupply()) {
+                    error(monitor, "PropertyMustSupplyNull", component, component.getName(), componentProperty
+                        .getName());
+                }
+
+                // Check that a component property does not override the
+                // many attribute
+                if (!property.isMany() && componentProperty.isMany()) {
+
+                    warning(monitor, "PropertyOverrideManyAttribute", component, component.getName(), componentProperty
+                        .getName());
+                }
+
+                // Default to the many attribute defined on the property
+                componentProperty.setMany(property.isMany());
+
+                // Default to the type and element defined on the property
+                if (componentProperty.getXSDType() == null) {
+                    componentProperty.setXSDType(property.getXSDType());
+                }
+                if (componentProperty.getXSDElement() == null) {
+                    componentProperty.setXSDElement(property.getXSDElement());
+                }
+
+                // Check that a type or element are specified
+                if (componentProperty.getXSDElement() == null && componentProperty.getXSDType() == null) {
+                    warning(monitor, "NoTypeForComponentProperty", component, component.getName(), componentProperty
+                        .getName());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Look to see if any value elements have been set into the property
+     * A bit involved as the value is stored as a DOM Document
+     * 
+     * @param property the property to be tested
+     * @return true is values are present
+     */
+    private boolean isPropertyValueSet(Property property) {
+        Document value = (Document)property.getValue();
+
+        if (value == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (value.getFirstChild() == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (value.getFirstChild().getChildNodes().getLength() == 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reconcile component references with the references defined on the
+     * component type.
+     *
+     * @param component
+     * @param references
+     * @param componentReferences
+     * @param monitor
+     */
+    protected void reconcileReferences(Component component,
+                                       Map<String, Reference> references,
+                                       Map<String, ComponentReference> componentReferences,
+                                       Monitor monitor) {
+
+        // Connect each component reference to the corresponding reference
+        for (ComponentReference componentReference : component.getReferences()) {
+            if (componentReference.getReference() != null || componentReference.isForCallback()) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            Reference reference = references.get(componentReference.getName());
+            if (reference != null) {
+                componentReference.setReference(reference);
+            } else {
+                if (!componentReference.getName().startsWith("$self$.")) {
+                    error(monitor, "ReferenceNotFound", component, component.getName(), componentReference.getName());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Create a Component reference for each reference for which there is no declared Component reference
+        if (component.getImplementation() != null) {
+            for (Reference reference : component.getImplementation().getReferences()) {
+                if (!componentReferences.containsKey(reference.getName())) {
+                    ComponentReference componentReference = assemblyFactory.createComponentReference();
+                    componentReference.setForCallback(reference.isForCallback());
+                    componentReference.setName(reference.getName());
+                    componentReference.setReference(reference);
+                    component.getReferences().add(componentReference);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Reconcile each component reference with its reference
+        for (ComponentReference componentReference : component.getReferences()) {
+            Reference reference = componentReference.getReference();
+            if (reference != null) {
+                // Reconcile multiplicity
+                if (componentReference.getMultiplicity() != null) {
+                    if (!ReferenceConfigurationUtil.isValidMultiplicityOverride(reference.getMultiplicity(),
+                                                                                componentReference.getMultiplicity())) {
+                        error(monitor,
+                              "ReferenceIncompatibleMultiplicity",
+                              component,
+                              component.getName(),
+                              componentReference.getName());
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    componentReference.setMultiplicity(reference.getMultiplicity());
+                }
+
+                // Reconcile interface
+                InterfaceContract interfaceContract = reference.getInterfaceContract();
+                if (componentReference.getInterfaceContract() != null) {
+                    if (interfaceContract != null && !componentReference.getInterfaceContract().equals(reference
+                        .getInterfaceContract())) {
+                        if (!interfaceContractMapper.isCompatible(interfaceContract, componentReference
+                            .getInterfaceContract())) {
+                            error(monitor,
+                                  "ReferenceIncompatibleComponentInterface",
+                                  component,
+                                  component.getName(),
+                                  componentReference.getName());
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    componentReference.setInterfaceContract(interfaceContract);
+                }
+
+                // Reconcile bindings
+                if (componentReference.getBindings().isEmpty()) {
+                    componentReference.getBindings().addAll(reference.getBindings());
+                }
+
+                // Reconcile callback bindings
+                if (componentReference.getCallback() == null) {
+                    componentReference.setCallback(reference.getCallback());
+                    if (componentReference.getCallback() == null) {
+                        // Create an empty callback to avoid null check
+                        componentReference.setCallback(assemblyFactory.createCallback());
+                    }
+
+                } else if (componentReference.getCallback().getBindings().isEmpty() && reference.getCallback() != null) {
+                    componentReference.getCallback().getBindings().addAll(reference.getCallback().getBindings());
+                }
+
+                // Propagate autowire setting from the component
+                if (componentReference.getAutowire() == null) {
+                    componentReference.setAutowire(component.getAutowire());
+                }
+
+                // Reconcile targets
+                if (componentReference.getTargets().isEmpty()) {
+                    componentReference.getTargets().addAll(reference.getTargets());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reconcile component services and services defined on the component type.
+     *
+     * @param component
+     * @param services
+     * @param componentServices
+     * @param monitor
+     */
+    protected void reconcileServices(Component component,
+                                     Map<String, Service> services,
+                                     Map<String, ComponentService> componentServices,
+                                     Monitor monitor) {
+
+        // Connect each component service to the corresponding service
+        for (ComponentService componentService : component.getServices()) {
+            if (componentService.getService() != null || componentService.isForCallback()) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            Service service = services.get(componentService.getName());
+            if (service != null) {
+                componentService.setService(service);
+            } else {
+                warning(monitor, "ServiceNotFoundForComponentService", component, component.getName(), componentService
+                    .getName());
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Create a component service for each service
+        if (component.getImplementation() != null) {
+            for (Service service : component.getImplementation().getServices()) {
+                if (!componentServices.containsKey(service.getName())) {
+                    ComponentService componentService = assemblyFactory.createComponentService();
+                    componentService.setForCallback(service.isForCallback());
+                    String name = service.getName();
+                    componentService.setName(name);
+                    componentService.setService(service);
+                    component.getServices().add(componentService);
+                    componentServices.put(name, componentService);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        //Reconcile each component service with its service
+        for (ComponentService componentService : component.getServices()) {
+            Service service = componentService.getService();
+            if (service != null) {
+                // Reconcile interface
+                InterfaceContract interfaceContract = service.getInterfaceContract();
+                if (componentService.getInterfaceContract() != null) {
+                    if (interfaceContract != null && !componentService.getInterfaceContract().equals(interfaceContract)) {
+                        if (!interfaceContractMapper.isCompatible(componentService.getInterfaceContract(),
+                                                                  interfaceContract)) {
+                            // MJE, 16/05/2009 - Upgraded from "warning" to "error" since this is a fatal problem - TUSCANY-3036
+                            error(monitor,
+                                  "ServiceIncompatibleComponentInterface",
+                                  component,
+                                  component.getName(),
+                                  componentService.getName());
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    componentService.setInterfaceContract(interfaceContract);
+                }
+
+                // Reconcile bindings
+                if (componentService.getBindings().isEmpty()) {
+                    componentService.getBindings().addAll(service.getBindings());
+                }
+
+                // Reconcile callback bindings
+                if (componentService.getCallback() == null) {
+                    componentService.setCallback(service.getCallback());
+                    if (componentService.getCallback() == null) {
+                        // Create an empty callback to avoid null check
+                        componentService.setCallback(assemblyFactory.createCallback());
+                    }
+                } else if (componentService.getCallback().getBindings().isEmpty() && service.getCallback() != null) {
+                    componentService.getCallback().getBindings().addAll(service.getCallback().getBindings());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected void attachSCABinding(Contract contract, Definitions definitions) {
+        if (!contract.getBindings().isEmpty()) {
+            contract.setOverridingBindings(true);
+            // No need to set binding.sca
+            return;
+        }
+        contract.setOverridingBindings(false);
+
+        // Only add binding.sca for services
+        // FIXME: The latest OASIS spec only adds binding.sca to services
+        /*
+        if (!(contract instanceof Service)) {
+            return;
+        }
+        */
+        SCABinding scaBinding = scaBindingFactory.createSCABinding();
+
+        if (definitions != null) {
+            for (ExtensionType attachPointType : definitions.getBindingTypes()) {
+                if (attachPointType.getType().equals(BINDING_SCA_QNAME)) {
+                    ((PolicySubject)scaBinding).setExtensionType(attachPointType);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        contract.getBindings().add(scaBinding);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/BindingURIBuilderImpl.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/BindingURIBuilderImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..88b5c126fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/BindingURIBuilderImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,509 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
+
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.net.URISyntaxException;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Binding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Component;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentService;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Composite;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Contract;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Implementation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Reference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Service;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilderException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.ExtensionPointRegistry;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.UtilityExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.definitions.Definitions;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Monitor;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.MonitorFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Configuration of binding URIs.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class BindingURIBuilderImpl {
+
+    private Monitor monitor;
+
+    public BindingURIBuilderImpl(ExtensionPointRegistry registry) {
+        UtilityExtensionPoint utilities = registry.getExtensionPoint(UtilityExtensionPoint.class);
+        MonitorFactory monitorFactory = utilities.getUtility(MonitorFactory.class);
+        monitor = monitorFactory.createMonitor();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Called by CompositeBindingURIBuilderImpl
+     *
+     * @param composite the composite to be configured
+     */
+    protected void configureBindingURIsAndNames(Composite composite, Definitions definitions, Monitor monitor)
+        throws CompositeBuilderException {
+        configureBindingURIs(composite, null, definitions, null, monitor);
+        configureBindingNames(composite, monitor);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fully resolve the binding URIs based on available information. This includes information
+     * from the ".composite" files, from resources associated with the binding, e.g. WSDL files,
+     * from any associated policies and from the default information for each binding type.
+     *
+     * @param composite the composite to be configured
+     * @param defaultBindings list of default binding configurations
+     */
+    protected void configureBindingURIs(Composite composite,
+                                        Definitions definitions,
+                                        Map<QName, List<String>> defaultBindings,
+                                        Monitor monitor) throws CompositeBuilderException {
+        configureBindingURIs(composite, null, definitions, defaultBindings, monitor);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fully resolve the binding URIs based on available information. This includes information
+     * from the ".composite" files, from resources associated with the binding, e.g. WSDL files,
+     * from any associated policies and from the default information for each binding type.
+     *
+     * NOTE: This method repeats some of the processing performed by the configureComponents()
+     *       method above.  The duplication is needed because NodeConfigurationServiceImpl
+     *       calls this method without previously calling configureComponents().  In the
+     *       normal builder sequence used by CompositeBuilderImpl, both of these methods
+     *       are called.
+     *
+     * TODO: Share the URL calculation algorithm with the configureComponents() method above
+     *       although keeping the configureComponents() methods signature as is because when
+     *       a composite is actually build in a node the node default information is currently
+     *       available
+     *
+     * @param composite the composite to be configured
+     * @param uri the path to the composite provided through any nested composite component implementations
+     * @param defaultBindings list of default binding configurations
+     */
+    private void configureBindingURIs(Composite composite,
+                                      String uri,
+                                      Definitions definitions,
+                                      Map<QName, List<String>> defaultBindings,
+                                      Monitor monitor) throws CompositeBuilderException {
+
+        String parentComponentURI = uri;
+
+        monitor.pushContext("Composite: " + composite.getName().toString());
+        try {
+            // Process nested composites recursively
+            for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+
+                // Initialize component URI
+                String componentURI;
+                if (parentComponentURI == null) {
+                    componentURI = component.getName();
+                } else {
+                    componentURI = URI.create(parentComponentURI + '/').resolve(component.getName()).toString();
+                }
+                component.setURI(componentURI);
+
+                Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+                if (implementation instanceof Composite) {
+                    // Process nested composite
+                    configureBindingURIs((Composite)implementation, componentURI, definitions, defaultBindings, monitor);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Initialize composite service binding URIs
+            List<Service> compositeServices = composite.getServices();
+            for (Service service : compositeServices) {
+
+                constructBindingNames(service, monitor);
+
+                // Initialize binding names and URIs
+                for (Binding binding : service.getBindings()) {
+                    constructBindingURI(parentComponentURI, composite, service, binding, defaultBindings, monitor);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Initialize component service binding URIs
+            for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+
+                monitor.pushContext("Component: " + component.getName());
+
+                try {
+
+                    for (ComponentService service : component.getServices()) {
+
+                        constructBindingNames(service, monitor);
+
+                        // Initialize binding names and URIs
+                        for (Binding binding : service.getBindings()) {
+                            constructBindingURI(component, service, binding, defaultBindings, monitor);
+                        }
+                    }
+                } finally {
+                    monitor.popContext();
+                }
+            }
+        } finally {
+            monitor.popContext();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add default names for callback bindings and reference bindings.  Needs to be
+     * separate from configureBindingURIs() because configureBindingURIs() is called
+     * by NodeConfigurationServiceImpl as well as by CompositeBuilderImpl.
+     */
+    private void configureBindingNames(Composite composite, Monitor monitor) {
+
+        // Process nested composites recursively
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+
+            Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+            if (implementation instanceof Composite) {
+
+                // Process nested composite
+                configureBindingNames((Composite)implementation, monitor);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Initialize composite service callback binding names
+        for (Service service : composite.getServices()) {
+            constructBindingNames(service, monitor);
+        }
+
+        // Initialize composite reference binding names
+        for (Reference reference : composite.getReferences()) {
+            constructBindingNames(reference, monitor);
+        }
+
+        // Initialize component service and reference binding names
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+
+            // Initialize component service callback binding names
+            for (ComponentService service : component.getServices()) {
+                constructBindingNames(service, monitor);
+            }
+
+            // Initialize component reference binding names
+            for (ComponentReference reference : component.getReferences()) {
+                // Initialize binding names
+                constructBindingNames(reference, monitor);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If a binding name is not provided by the user, construct it based on the service
+     * or reference name
+     *
+     * @param contract the service or reference
+     */
+    private void constructBindingNames(Contract contract, Monitor monitor) {
+        List<Binding> bindings = contract.getBindings();
+        Map<String, Binding> bindingMap = new HashMap<String, Binding>();
+        for (Binding binding : bindings) {
+            // set the default binding name if one is required
+            // if there is no name on the binding then set it to the service or reference name
+            if (binding.getName() == null) {
+                binding.setName(contract.getName());
+            }
+            Binding existed = bindingMap.put(binding.getName(), binding);
+            // Check that multiple bindings do not have the same name
+            if (existed != null && existed != binding) {
+                if (contract instanceof Service) {
+                    Monitor.error(monitor, this, "assembly-validation-messages", "MultipleBindingsForService", contract
+                        .getName(), binding.getName());
+                } else {
+                    Monitor.error(monitor,
+                                  this,
+                                  "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                  "MultipleBindingsForReference",
+                                  contract.getName(),
+                                  binding.getName());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (contract.getCallback() != null) {
+            bindings = contract.getCallback().getBindings();
+            bindingMap.clear();
+            for (Binding binding : bindings) {
+                // set the default binding name if one is required
+                // if there is no name on the binding then set it to the service or reference name
+                if (binding.getName() == null) {
+                    binding.setName(contract.getName());
+                }
+                Binding existed = bindingMap.put(binding.getName(), binding);
+                // Check that multiple bindings do not have the same name
+                if (existed != null && existed != binding) {
+                    if (contract instanceof Service) {
+                        Monitor.error(monitor,
+                                      this,
+                                      "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                      "MultipleBindingsForServiceCallback",
+                                      contract.getName(),
+                                      binding.getName());
+                    } else {
+                        Monitor.error(monitor,
+                                      this,
+                                      "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                      "MultipleBindingsForReferenceCallback",
+                                      contract.getName(),
+                                      binding.getName());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * URI construction for composite bindings based on Assembly Specification section 1.7.2, This method
+     * assumes that the component URI part of the binding URI is formed from the part to the
+     * composite in question and just calls the generic constructBindingURI method with this
+     * information
+     *
+     * @param parentComponentURI
+     * @param composite
+     * @param service
+     * @param binding
+     * @param defaultBindings
+     */
+    private void constructBindingURI(String parentComponentURI,
+                                     Composite composite,
+                                     Service service,
+                                     Binding binding,
+                                     Map<QName, List<String>> defaultBindings,
+                                     Monitor monitor) throws CompositeBuilderException {
+        // This is a composite service so there is no component to provide a component URI
+        // The path to this composite (through nested composites) is used.
+        constructBindingURI(parentComponentURI, service, binding, defaultBindings, monitor);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * URI construction for component bindings based on Assembly Specification section 1.7.2. This method
+     * calculates the component URI part based on component information before calling the generic
+     * constructBindingURI method
+     *
+     * @param component the component that holds the service
+     * @param service the service that holds the binding
+     * @param binding the binding for which the URI is being constructed
+     * @param defaultBindings the list of default binding configurations
+     */
+    private void constructBindingURI(Component component,
+                                     Service service,
+                                     Binding binding,
+                                     Map<QName, List<String>> defaultBindings,
+                                     Monitor monitor) throws CompositeBuilderException {
+        constructBindingURI(component.getURI(), service, binding, defaultBindings, monitor);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generic URI construction for bindings based on Assembly Specification section 1.7.2
+     *
+     * @param componentURIString the string version of the URI part that comes from the component name
+     * @param service the service in question
+     * @param binding the binding for which the URI is being constructed
+     * @param includeBindingName when set true the serviceBindingURI part should be used
+     * @param defaultBindings the list of default binding configurations
+     * @throws CompositeBuilderException
+     */
+    private void constructBindingURI(String componentURIString,
+                                     Service service,
+                                     Binding binding,
+                                     Map<QName, List<String>> defaultBindings,
+                                     Monitor monitor) throws CompositeBuilderException {
+
+        try {
+
+            boolean includeBindingName = !service.getName().equals(binding.getName());
+
+            // calculate the service binding URI
+            URI bindingURI;
+            if (binding.getURI() != null) {
+                bindingURI = new URI(binding.getURI());
+
+                // if the user has provided an absolute binding URI then use it
+                if (bindingURI.isAbsolute()) {
+                    binding.setURI(bindingURI.toString());
+                    return;
+                }
+            } else {
+                bindingURI = null;
+            }
+
+            String serviceName = service.getName();
+            // Get the service binding name
+            String bindingName;
+            if (binding.getName() != null) {
+                bindingName = binding.getName();
+            } else {
+                bindingName = serviceName;
+            }
+
+            // calculate the component URI
+            URI componentURI;
+            if (componentURIString != null) {
+                componentURI = new URI(addSlashToPath(componentURIString));
+            } else {
+                componentURI = null;
+            }
+
+            // if the user has provided an absolute component URI then use it
+            if (componentURI != null && componentURI.isAbsolute()) {
+                binding.setURI(constructBindingURI(null,
+                                                   componentURI,
+                                                   bindingURI,
+                                                   serviceName,
+                                                   includeBindingName,
+                                                   bindingName));
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // calculate the base URI
+            URI baseURI = null;
+            if (defaultBindings != null) {
+                List<String> uris = defaultBindings.get(binding.getType());
+                if (uris != null && uris.size() > 0) {
+                    baseURI = new URI(addSlashToPath(uris.get(0)));
+                }
+            }
+
+            binding.setURI(constructBindingURI(baseURI,
+                                               componentURI,
+                                               bindingURI,
+                                               serviceName,
+                                               includeBindingName,
+                                               bindingName));
+        } catch (URISyntaxException ex) {
+            Monitor.error(monitor,
+                          this,
+                          "assembly-validation-messages",
+                          "URLSyntaxException",
+                          componentURIString,
+                          service.getName(),
+                          binding.getName());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Use to ensure that URI paths end in "/" as here we want to maintain the
+     * last path element of an base URI when other URI are resolved against it. This is
+     * not the default behaviour of URI resolution as defined in RFC 2369
+     *
+     * @param path the path string to which the "/" is to be added
+     * @return the resulting path with a "/" added if it not already there
+     */
+    private static String addSlashToPath(String path) {
+        if (path.endsWith("/") || path.endsWith("#")) {
+            return path;
+        } else {
+            return path + "/";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Concatenate binding URI parts together based on Assembly Specification section 1.7.2
+     *
+     * @param baseURI the base of the binding URI
+     * @param componentURI the middle part of the binding URI derived from the component name
+     * @param bindingURI the end part of the binding URI
+     * @param includeBindingName when set true the binding name part should be used
+     * @param bindingName the binding name
+     * @return the resulting URI as a string
+     */
+    private static String constructBindingURI(URI baseURI,
+                                              URI componentURI,
+                                              URI bindingURI,
+                                              String serviceName,
+                                              boolean includeBindingName,
+                                              String bindingName) {
+        String name = includeBindingName ? serviceName + "/" + bindingName : serviceName;
+        String uriString;
+
+        if (baseURI == null) {
+            if (componentURI == null) {
+                if (bindingURI != null) {
+                    uriString = name + "/" + bindingURI.toString();
+                } else {
+                    uriString = name;
+                }
+            } else {
+                if (bindingURI != null) {
+                    if (bindingURI.toString().startsWith("/")) {
+                        uriString = componentURI.resolve(bindingURI).toString();
+                    } else {
+                        uriString = componentURI.resolve(name + "/" + bindingURI).toString();
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    uriString = componentURI.resolve(name).toString();
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (componentURI == null) {
+                if (bindingURI != null) {
+                    uriString = basedURI(baseURI, bindingURI).toString();
+                } else {
+                    uriString = basedURI(baseURI, URI.create(name)).toString();
+                }
+            } else {
+                if (bindingURI != null) {
+                    uriString = basedURI(baseURI, componentURI.resolve(bindingURI)).toString();
+                } else {
+                    uriString = basedURI(baseURI, componentURI.resolve(name)).toString();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // tidy up by removing any trailing "/"
+        if (uriString.endsWith("/")) {
+            uriString = uriString.substring(0, uriString.length() - 1);
+        }
+
+        URI uri = URI.create(uriString);
+        if (!uri.isAbsolute()) {
+            uri = URI.create("/").resolve(uri);
+        }
+        return uri.toString();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Combine a URI with a base URI.
+     *
+     * @param baseURI
+     * @param uri
+     * @return
+     */
+    private static URI basedURI(URI baseURI, URI uri) {
+        if (uri.getScheme() != null) {
+            return uri;
+        }
+        String str = uri.toString();
+        if (str.startsWith("/")) {
+            str = str.substring(1);
+        }
+        return URI.create(baseURI.toString() + str).normalize();
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ComponentBuilderImpl.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ComponentBuilderImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eac88b88b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ComponentBuilderImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1001 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
+
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.net.URLConnection;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
+import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
+import javax.xml.transform.Source;
+import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
+import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMResult;
+import javax.xml.transform.sax.SAXSource;
+import javax.xml.xpath.XPathConstants;
+import javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpression;
+import javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpressionException;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.AssemblyFactory;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Binding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Component;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentProperty;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentService;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Composite;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.CompositeReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.CompositeService;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Contract;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Implementation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Multiplicity;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Property;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Reference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.SCABinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.SCABindingFactory;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Service;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.BuilderExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.ImplementationBuilder;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.ExtensionPointRegistry;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.FactoryExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.UtilityExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.definitions.Definitions;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.InterfaceContract;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.InterfaceContractMapper;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Monitor;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.MonitorFactory;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.policy.ExtensionType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.policy.PolicySubject;
+import org.w3c.dom.Document;
+import org.w3c.dom.Element;
+import org.w3c.dom.Node;
+import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
+
+/**
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class ComponentBuilderImpl {
+    protected static final String SCA11_NS = "http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/opencsa/sca/200903";
+    protected static final String BINDING_SCA = "binding.sca";
+    protected static final QName BINDING_SCA_QNAME = new QName(SCA11_NS, BINDING_SCA);
+
+    private CompositeComponentTypeBuilderImpl componentTypeBuilder;
+    private Monitor monitor;
+    private AssemblyFactory assemblyFactory;
+    private SCABindingFactory scaBindingFactory;
+    private DocumentBuilderFactory documentBuilderFactory;
+    protected TransformerFactory transformerFactory;
+    private InterfaceContractMapper interfaceContractMapper;
+    private BuilderExtensionPoint builders;
+
+    public ComponentBuilderImpl(ExtensionPointRegistry registry) {
+        UtilityExtensionPoint utilities = registry.getExtensionPoint(UtilityExtensionPoint.class);
+        MonitorFactory monitorFactory = utilities.getUtility(MonitorFactory.class);
+        monitor = monitorFactory.createMonitor();
+
+        FactoryExtensionPoint modelFactories = registry.getExtensionPoint(FactoryExtensionPoint.class);
+        assemblyFactory = modelFactories.getFactory(AssemblyFactory.class);
+        scaBindingFactory = modelFactories.getFactory(SCABindingFactory.class);
+        documentBuilderFactory = modelFactories.getFactory(DocumentBuilderFactory.class);
+        transformerFactory = modelFactories.getFactory(TransformerFactory.class);
+
+        interfaceContractMapper = utilities.getUtility(InterfaceContractMapper.class);
+
+        builders = registry.getExtensionPoint(BuilderExtensionPoint.class);
+    }
+
+    public void setComponentTypeBuilder(CompositeComponentTypeBuilderImpl componentTypeBuilder) {
+        this.componentTypeBuilder = componentTypeBuilder;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Configure the component based on its component type using OASIS rules
+     * 
+     * @Param parentComposite the composite that contains the component being configured. Required for property processing
+     * @param component the component to be configured
+     */
+    public void configureComponentFromComponentType(Composite parentComposite, Component component) {
+
+        // do any work we need to do before we calculate the component type
+        // for this component. Anything that needs to be pushed down the promotion
+        // hierarchy must be done before we calculate the component type
+
+        // first carry out any implementation specific builder processing
+        Implementation impl = component.getImplementation();
+        if (impl != null) {
+            ImplementationBuilder builder = builders.getImplementationBuilder(impl.getClass());
+            if (builder != null) {
+                builder.build(component, impl, monitor);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Properties on the composite component type are not affected by the components 
+        // that the composite contains. Instead the child components might source  
+        // composite level property values. Hence we have to calculate whether the component 
+        // type property value should be overridden by this component's property value 
+        // before we go ahead and calculate the component type
+        configureProperties(parentComposite, component);
+
+        // create the component type for this component 
+        // taking any nested composites into account
+        createComponentType(component);
+
+        // configure services based on the calculated component type
+        configureServices(component);
+
+        // configure services based on the calculated component type
+        configureReferences(component);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Use the component type builder to build the component type for 
+     * this component. 
+     * 
+     * @param component
+     */
+    private void createComponentType(Component component) {
+        Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+        if (implementation instanceof Composite) {
+            componentTypeBuilder.createComponentType((Composite)implementation);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Configure this component's services based on the services in its 
+     * component type and the configuration from the composite file
+     * 
+     * @param component
+     */
+    private void configureServices(Component component) {
+
+        // If the component type has services that are not described in this
+        // component then create services for this component
+        addServicesFromComponentType(component);
+
+        // Connect this component's services to the 
+        // services from its component type
+        connectServicesToComponentType(component);
+
+        // look at each component service in turn and calculate its 
+        // configuration based on OASIS rules
+        for (ComponentService componentService : component.getServices()) {
+            Service componentTypeService = componentService.getService();
+
+            if (componentTypeService == null) {
+                // raise error?
+                // can be null in some of the assembly-xml unit tests
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // interface contracts
+            calculateInterfaceContract(componentService, componentTypeService);
+
+            // bindings
+            calculateBindings(componentService, componentTypeService);
+
+            // add callback reference model objects
+            createCallbackReference(component, componentService);
+
+            // intents - done later in CompositePolicyBuilder - discuss with RF
+            //calculateIntents(componentService,
+            //                 componentTypeService);
+
+            // policy sets - done later in CompositePolicyBuilder - discuss with RF
+            // calculatePolicySets(componentService,
+            //                     componentTypeService);
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Configure this component's references based on the references in its 
+     * component type and the configuration from the composite file
+     * 
+     * @param component
+     */
+    private void configureReferences(Component component) {
+
+        // If the component type has references that are not described in this
+        // component then create references for this component
+        addReferencesFromComponentType(component);
+
+        // Connect this component's references to the 
+        // references from its component type
+        connectReferencesToComponentType(component);
+
+        // look at each component reference in turn and calculate its 
+        // configuration based on OASIS rules
+        for (ComponentReference componentReference : component.getReferences()) {
+            Reference componentTypeReference = componentReference.getReference();
+
+            if (componentTypeReference == null) {
+                // raise error?
+                // can be null in some of the assembly-xml unit tests
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // reference multiplicity
+            reconcileReferenceMultiplicity(component, componentReference, componentTypeReference);
+
+            // interface contracts
+            calculateInterfaceContract(componentReference, componentTypeReference);
+
+            // bindings
+            // We don't have to do anything with reference bindings. You've either 
+            // specified one or you haven't
+            //calculateBindings(componentService,
+            //                  componentTypeService);
+
+            // add callback service model objects
+            createCallbackService(component, componentReference);
+
+            // intents - done later in CompositePolicyBuilder - discuss with RF
+            //calculateIntents(componentService,
+            //                 componentTypeService);
+
+            // policy sets - done later in CompositePolicyBuilder - discuss with RF
+            // calculatePolicySets(componentService,
+            //                     componentTypeService);
+
+            // Propagate autowire setting from the component down the structural 
+            // hierarchy
+            if (componentReference.getAutowire() == null) {
+                componentReference.setAutowire(component.getAutowire());
+            }
+
+            // Reconcile targets copying then up the promotion hierarchy
+            if (componentReference.getTargets().isEmpty()) {
+                componentReference.getTargets().addAll(componentTypeReference.getTargets());
+            }
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Configure this component's properties based on the properties in its 
+     * component type and the configuration from the composite file
+     * 
+     * @param component
+     */
+    private void configureProperties(Composite parentComposite, Component component) {
+        // If the component type has properties that are not described in this
+        // component then create properties for this component
+        addPropertiesFromComponentType(component);
+
+        // Connect this component's properties to the 
+        // properties from its component type
+        connectReferencesToComponentType(component);
+
+        // Reconcile component properties and their component type properties
+        for (ComponentProperty componentProperty : component.getProperties()) {
+            reconcileComponentPropertyWithComponentType(component, componentProperty);
+
+            // configure the property value based on the @source attribute
+            // At the moment this is done in the parent composite component
+            // type calculation a
+            processPropertySourceAttribute(parentComposite, component, componentProperty);
+
+            // configure the property value based on the @file attribute
+            processPropertyFileAttribute(component, componentProperty);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void addServicesFromComponentType(Component component) {
+
+        // Create a component service for each service
+        if (component.getImplementation() != null) {
+            for (Service service : component.getImplementation().getServices()) {
+                ComponentService componentService = (ComponentService)component.getService(service.getName());
+
+                // if the component doesn't have a service with the same name as the 
+                // component type service then create one
+                if (componentService == null) {
+                    componentService = assemblyFactory.createComponentService();
+                    componentService.setForCallback(service.isForCallback());
+                    String name = service.getName();
+                    componentService.setName(name);
+                    component.getServices().add(componentService);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void addReferencesFromComponentType(Component component) {
+
+        // Create a component reference for each reference
+        if (component.getImplementation() != null) {
+            for (Reference reference : component.getImplementation().getReferences()) {
+                ComponentReference componentReference = (ComponentReference)component.getReference(reference.getName());
+
+                // if the component doesn't have a reference with the same name as the 
+                // component type reference then create one
+                if (componentReference == null) {
+                    componentReference = assemblyFactory.createComponentReference();
+                    componentReference.setForCallback(reference.isForCallback());
+                    componentReference.setName(reference.getName());
+                    componentReference.setReference(reference);
+                    component.getReferences().add(componentReference);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void addPropertiesFromComponentType(Component component) {
+
+        // Create component property for each property
+        if (component.getImplementation() != null) {
+            for (Property property : component.getImplementation().getProperties()) {
+                ComponentProperty componentProperty = (ComponentProperty)component.getProperty(property.getName());
+
+                // if the component doesn't have a property with the same name as
+                // the component type property then create one
+                if (componentProperty == null) {
+                    componentProperty = assemblyFactory.createComponentProperty();
+                    componentProperty.setName(property.getName());
+                    componentProperty.setValue(property.getValue());
+                    componentProperty.setMany(property.isMany());
+                    componentProperty.setMustSupply(property.isMustSupply());
+                    componentProperty.setXSDElement(property.getXSDElement());
+                    componentProperty.setXSDType(property.getXSDType());
+                    componentProperty.setProperty(property);
+                    component.getProperties().add(componentProperty);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void connectServicesToComponentType(Component component) {
+
+        // Connect each component service to the corresponding component type service
+        for (ComponentService componentService : component.getServices()) {
+            if (componentService.getService() != null || componentService.isForCallback()) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (component.getImplementation() == null) {
+                // is null in some of our basic unit tests
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            Service service = component.getImplementation().getService(componentService.getName());
+
+            if (service != null) {
+                componentService.setService(service);
+            } else {
+                Monitor.error(monitor,
+                              this,
+                              "assembly-validation-messages",
+                              "ServiceNotFoundForComponentService",
+                              component.getName(),
+                              componentService.getName());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void connectReferencesToComponentType(Component component) {
+
+        // Connect each component reference to the corresponding component type reference
+        for (ComponentReference componentReference : component.getReferences()) {
+            if (componentReference.getReference() != null || componentReference.isForCallback()) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (component.getImplementation() == null) {
+                // is null in some of our basic unit tests
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            Reference reference = component.getImplementation().getReference(componentReference.getName());
+
+            if (reference != null) {
+                componentReference.setReference(reference);
+            } else {
+                Monitor.error(monitor,
+                              this,
+                              "assembly-validation-messages",
+                              "ReferenceNotFoundForComponentReference",
+                              component.getName(),
+                              componentReference.getName());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void connectPropertiesToComponentType(Component component) {
+        // Connect each component property to the corresponding component type property
+        for (ComponentProperty componentProperty : component.getProperties()) {
+            Property property = component.getImplementation().getProperty(componentProperty.getName());
+            if (property != null) {
+                componentProperty.setProperty(property);
+            } else {
+                Monitor.error(monitor,
+                              this,
+                              "assembly-validation-messages",
+                              "PropertyNotFound",
+                              component.getName(),
+                              componentProperty.getName());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void reconcileReferenceMultiplicity(Component component,
+                                                Reference componentReference,
+                                                Reference componentTypeReference) {
+        if (componentReference.getMultiplicity() != null) {
+            if (!isValidMultiplicityOverride(componentTypeReference.getMultiplicity(), componentReference
+                .getMultiplicity())) {
+                Monitor.error(monitor,
+                              this,
+                              "assembly-validation-messages",
+                              "ReferenceIncompatibleMultiplicity",
+                              component.getName(),
+                              componentReference.getName());
+            }
+        } else {
+            componentReference.setMultiplicity(componentTypeReference.getMultiplicity());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void reconcileComponentPropertyWithComponentType(Component component, ComponentProperty componentProperty) {
+        Property componentTypeProperty = componentProperty.getProperty();
+        if (componentTypeProperty != null) {
+
+            // Check that a component property does not override the
+            // mustSupply attribute
+            if (!componentTypeProperty.isMustSupply() && componentProperty.isMustSupply()) {
+                Monitor.error(monitor,
+                              this,
+                              "assembly-validation-messages",
+                              "PropertyMustSupplyIncompatible",
+                              component.getName(),
+                              componentProperty.getName());
+            }
+
+            // Default to the mustSupply attribute specified on the property
+            if (!componentProperty.isMustSupply())
+                componentProperty.setMustSupply(componentTypeProperty.isMustSupply());
+
+            // Default to the value specified on the component type property
+            if (!isPropertyValueSet(componentProperty)) {
+                componentProperty.setValue(componentTypeProperty.getValue());
+            }
+
+            // Override the property value for the composite
+            if (component.getImplementation() instanceof Composite) {
+                componentTypeProperty.setValue(componentProperty.getValue());
+            }
+
+            // Check that a value is supplied
+            if (!isPropertyValueSet(componentProperty) && componentTypeProperty.isMustSupply()) {
+                Monitor.error(monitor, this, "assembly-validation-messages", "PropertyMustSupplyNull", component
+                    .getName(), componentProperty.getName());
+            }
+
+            // Check that a component property does not override the
+            // many attribute
+            if (!componentTypeProperty.isMany() && componentProperty.isMany()) {
+                Monitor.error(monitor, this, "assembly-validation-messages", "PropertyOverrideManyAttribute", component
+                    .getName(), componentProperty.getName());
+            }
+
+            // Default to the many attribute defined on the property
+            componentProperty.setMany(componentTypeProperty.isMany());
+
+            // Default to the type and element defined on the property
+            if (componentProperty.getXSDType() == null) {
+                componentProperty.setXSDType(componentTypeProperty.getXSDType());
+            }
+            if (componentProperty.getXSDElement() == null) {
+                componentProperty.setXSDElement(componentTypeProperty.getXSDElement());
+            }
+
+            // Check that a type or element are specified
+            if (componentProperty.getXSDElement() == null && componentProperty.getXSDType() == null) {
+                Monitor.error(monitor, this, "assembly-validation-messages", "NoTypeForComponentProperty", component
+                    .getName(), componentProperty.getName());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If the property has a source attribute use this to retrieve the value from a 
+     * property in the parent composite
+
+     * 
+     * @param parentCompoent the composite that contains the component
+     * @param component
+     * @param componentProperty
+     */
+    private void processPropertySourceAttribute(Composite parentComposite,
+                                                Component component,
+                                                ComponentProperty componentProperty) {
+        String source = componentProperty.getSource();
+
+        if (source != null) {
+            // $<name>/...
+            int index = source.indexOf('/');
+            if (index == -1) {
+                // Tolerating $prop
+                source = source + "/";
+                index = source.length() - 1;
+            }
+            if (source.charAt(0) == '$') {
+                String name = source.substring(1, index);
+                Property compositeProp = parentComposite.getProperty(name);
+                if (compositeProp == null) {
+                    Monitor.error(monitor,
+                                  this,
+                                  "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                  "PropertySourceNotFound",
+                                  source,
+                                  componentProperty.getName(),
+                                  component.getName());
+                }
+
+                Document compositePropDefValues = (Document)compositeProp.getValue();
+
+                try {
+                    // FIXME: How to deal with namespaces?
+                    Document node =
+                        evaluateXPath(compositePropDefValues,
+                                      componentProperty.getSourceXPathExpression(),
+                                      documentBuilderFactory);
+
+                    if (node != null) {
+                        componentProperty.setValue(node);
+                    }
+                } catch (Exception ex) {
+                    Monitor.error(monitor,
+                                  this,
+                                  "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                  "PropertySourceXpathInvalid",
+                                  source,
+                                  componentProperty.getName(),
+                                  component.getName(),
+                                  ex.toString());
+                }
+            } else {
+                Monitor.error(monitor,
+                              this,
+                              "assembly-validation-messages",
+                              "PropertySourceValueInvalid",
+                              source,
+                              componentProperty.getName(),
+                              component.getName());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If the property has a file attribute use this to retrieve the value from a 
+     * local file
+
+     * 
+     * @param parentCompoent the composite that contains the component
+     * @param component
+     */
+    private void processPropertyFileAttribute(Component component, ComponentProperty componentProperty) {
+        String file = componentProperty.getFile();
+        if (file != null) {
+            try {
+                URI uri = URI.create(file);
+                // URI resolution for relative URIs is done when the composite is resolved.
+                URL url = uri.toURL();
+                URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();
+                connection.setUseCaches(false);
+                InputStream is = null;
+                try {
+                    is = connection.getInputStream();
+
+                    Source streamSource = new SAXSource(new InputSource(is));
+                    DOMResult result = new DOMResult();
+                    javax.xml.transform.Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();
+                    transformer.transform(streamSource, result);
+
+                    Document document = (Document)result.getNode();
+
+                    // TUSCANY-2377, Add a fake value element so it's consistent with
+                    // the DOM tree loaded from inside SCDL
+                    Element root = document.createElementNS(null, "value");
+                    root.appendChild(document.getDocumentElement());
+                    document.appendChild(root);
+                    componentProperty.setValue(document);
+                } finally {
+                    if (is != null) {
+                        is.close();
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch (Exception ex) {
+                Monitor.error(monitor,
+                              this,
+                              "assembly-validation-messages",
+                              "PropertyFileValueInvalid",
+                              file,
+                              componentProperty.getName(),
+                              component.getName(),
+                              ex.toString());
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Evaluate an XPath expression against a Property value, returning the result as a Property value
+     * @param node - the document root element of a Property value
+     * @param expression - the XPath expression
+     * @param documentBuilderFactory - a DOM document builder factory
+     * @return - a DOM Document representing the result of the evaluation as a Property value
+     * @throws XPathExpressionException
+     * @throws ParserConfigurationException
+     */
+    private Document evaluateXPath(Document node,
+                                   XPathExpression expression,
+                                   DocumentBuilderFactory documentBuilderFactory) throws XPathExpressionException,
+        ParserConfigurationException {
+
+        // The document element is a <sca:property/> element
+        Node property = node.getDocumentElement();
+        // The first child of the <property/> element is a <value/> element
+        Node value = property.getFirstChild();
+
+        Node result = (Node)expression.evaluate(value, XPathConstants.NODE);
+        if (result == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if (result instanceof Document) {
+            return (Document)result;
+        } else {
+            Document document = documentBuilderFactory.newDocumentBuilder().newDocument();
+            Element newProperty = document.createElementNS(SCA11_NS, "property");
+
+            if (result.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
+                // If the result is a <value/> element, use it directly in the result
+                newProperty.appendChild(document.importNode(result, true));
+            } else {
+                // If the result is not a <value/> element, create a <value/> element to contain the result
+                Element newValue = document.createElementNS(SCA11_NS, "value");
+                newValue.appendChild(document.importNode(result, true));
+                newProperty.appendChild(newValue);
+            } // end if
+            document.appendChild(newProperty);
+
+            return document;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a callback reference for a component service
+     * 
+     * @param component
+     * @param service
+     */
+    private void createCallbackReference(Component component, ComponentService service) {
+
+        // if the service has a callback interface create a reference
+        // to represent the callback 
+        if (service.getInterfaceContract() != null && // can be null in unit tests
+        service.getInterfaceContract().getCallbackInterface() != null) {
+
+            ComponentReference callbackReference = assemblyFactory.createComponentReference();
+            callbackReference.setForCallback(true);
+            callbackReference.setName(service.getName());
+            try {
+                InterfaceContract contract = (InterfaceContract)service.getInterfaceContract().clone();
+                contract.setInterface(contract.getCallbackInterface());
+                contract.setCallbackInterface(null);
+                callbackReference.setInterfaceContract(contract);
+            } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
+                // will not happen
+            }
+            Service implService = service.getService();
+            if (implService != null) {
+
+                // If the implementation service is a CompositeService, ensure that the Reference that is 
+                // created is a CompositeReference, otherwise create a Reference
+                Reference implReference;
+                if (implService instanceof CompositeService) {
+                    CompositeReference implCompReference = assemblyFactory.createCompositeReference();
+                    // Set the promoted component from the promoted component of the composite service
+                    implCompReference.getPromotedComponents().add(((CompositeService)implService)
+                        .getPromotedComponent());
+                    // Set the promoted service
+                    ComponentReference promotedReference = assemblyFactory.createComponentReference();
+                    String promotedRefName =
+                        ((CompositeService)implService).getPromotedComponent().getName() + "/"
+                            + ((CompositeService)implService).getPromotedService().getName();
+                    promotedReference.setName(promotedRefName);
+                    promotedReference.setUnresolved(true);
+                    implCompReference.getPromotedReferences().add(promotedReference);
+                    implReference = implCompReference;
+                    // Add the composite reference to the composite implementation artifact
+                    Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+                    if (implementation != null && implementation instanceof Composite) {
+                        ((Composite)implementation).getReferences().add(implCompReference);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    implReference = assemblyFactory.createReference();
+                }
+
+                implReference.setName(implService.getName());
+                try {
+                    InterfaceContract implContract = (InterfaceContract)implService.getInterfaceContract().clone();
+                    implContract.setInterface(implContract.getCallbackInterface());
+                    implContract.setCallbackInterface(null);
+                    implReference.setInterfaceContract(implContract);
+                } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
+                    // will not happen
+                }
+                callbackReference.setReference(implReference);
+            }
+            component.getReferences().add(callbackReference);
+
+            // Set the bindings of the callback reference 
+            if (callbackReference.getBindings().isEmpty()) {
+                // If there are specific callback bindings set in the SCDL service
+                // callback element then use them
+                if (service.getCallback() != null && service.getCallback().getBindings().size() > 0) {
+                    callbackReference.getBindings().addAll(service.getCallback().getBindings());
+                } else {
+                    // otherwise create a default binding which 
+                    // will cause the EPR for this reference to be 
+                    // marked as EndpointReference.NOT_CONFIGURED
+                    createSCABinding(callbackReference, null);
+
+                    // TODO - should really use the forward binding here but 
+                    //        awaiting OASIS decision on what's going to 
+                    //        happen with callbacks
+                }
+            }
+            service.setCallbackReference(callbackReference);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a callback service for a component reference
+     * 
+     * @param component
+     * @param service
+     */
+    private void createCallbackService(Component component, ComponentReference reference) {
+        if (reference.getInterfaceContract() != null && // can be null in unit tests
+        reference.getInterfaceContract().getCallbackInterface() != null) {
+            ComponentService componentService = assemblyFactory.createComponentService();
+            componentService.setForCallback(true);
+            componentService.setName(reference.getName());
+            try {
+                InterfaceContract contract = (InterfaceContract)reference.getInterfaceContract().clone();
+                contract.setInterface(contract.getCallbackInterface());
+                contract.setCallbackInterface(null);
+                componentService.setInterfaceContract(contract);
+            } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
+                // will not happen
+            }
+            Reference implReference = reference.getReference();
+            if (implReference != null) {
+                // If the implementation reference is a CompositeReference, ensure that the Service that is 
+                // created is a CompositeService, otherwise create a Service
+                Service implService;
+                if (implReference instanceof CompositeReference) {
+                    CompositeService implCompService = assemblyFactory.createCompositeService();
+                    // TODO The reality here is that the composite reference which has the callback COULD promote more than
+                    // one component reference - and there must be a separate composite callback service for each of these component
+                    // references
+                    // Set the promoted component from the promoted component of the composite reference
+                    implCompService.setPromotedComponent(((CompositeReference)implReference).getPromotedComponents()
+                        .get(0));
+                    implCompService.setForCallback(true);
+                    // Set the promoted service
+                    ComponentService promotedService = assemblyFactory.createComponentService();
+                    promotedService.setName(((CompositeReference)implReference).getPromotedReferences().get(0)
+                        .getName());
+                    promotedService.setUnresolved(true);
+                    promotedService.setForCallback(true);
+                    implCompService.setPromotedService(promotedService);
+                    implService = implCompService;
+                    // Add the composite service to the composite implementation artifact
+                    Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+                    if (implementation != null && implementation instanceof Composite) {
+                        ((Composite)implementation).getServices().add(implCompService);
+                    } // end if
+                    //
+                } else {
+                    implService = assemblyFactory.createService();
+                } // end if
+                //
+                implService.setName(implReference.getName());
+                try {
+                    InterfaceContract implContract = (InterfaceContract)implReference.getInterfaceContract().clone();
+                    implContract.setInterface(implContract.getCallbackInterface());
+                    implContract.setCallbackInterface(null);
+                    implService.setInterfaceContract(implContract);
+                } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
+                    // will not happen
+                }
+                componentService.setService(implService);
+            }
+            component.getServices().add(componentService);
+
+            // configure bindings for the callback service
+            if (componentService.getBindings().isEmpty()) {
+                if (reference.getCallback() != null && reference.getCallback().getBindings().size() > 0) {
+                    // set bindings of the callback service based on the information provided in 
+                    // SCDL reference callback element
+                    componentService.getBindings().addAll(reference.getCallback().getBindings());
+                } else if (reference.getBindings().size() > 0) {
+                    // use any bindings explicitly declared on the forward reference
+                    for (Binding binding : reference.getBindings()) {
+                        try {
+                            Binding clonedBinding = (Binding)binding.clone();
+                            // binding uri will be calculated during runtime build
+                            clonedBinding.setURI(null);
+                            componentService.getBindings().add(clonedBinding);
+                        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException ex) {
+
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    // TODO - should use the binding resolved from the service but
+                    //        waiting for OASIS to decide what to do about callbacks
+                    // create a default binding
+                    createSCABinding(componentService, null);
+                }
+            }
+
+            reference.setCallbackService(componentService);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a default SCA binding in the case that no binding
+     * is specified by the user
+     * 
+     * @param contract
+     * @param definitions
+     */
+    protected void createSCABinding(Contract contract, Definitions definitions) {
+
+        SCABinding scaBinding = scaBindingFactory.createSCABinding();
+
+        if (definitions != null) {
+            for (ExtensionType attachPointType : definitions.getBindingTypes()) {
+                if (attachPointType.getType().equals(BINDING_SCA_QNAME)) {
+                    ((PolicySubject)scaBinding).setExtensionType(attachPointType);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        contract.getBindings().add(scaBinding);
+        contract.setOverridingBindings(false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Look to see if any value elements have been set into the property
+     * A bit involved as the value is stored as a DOM Document
+     * 
+     * @param property the property to be tested
+     * @return true is values are present
+     */
+    private boolean isPropertyValueSet(Property property) {
+        Document value = (Document)property.getValue();
+
+        if (value == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (value.getFirstChild() == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (value.getFirstChild().getChildNodes().getLength() == 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private boolean isValidMultiplicityOverride(Multiplicity definedMul, Multiplicity overridenMul) {
+        if (definedMul != overridenMul) {
+            switch (definedMul) {
+                case ZERO_N:
+                    return overridenMul == Multiplicity.ZERO_ONE || overridenMul == Multiplicity.ONE_ONE
+                        || overridenMul == Multiplicity.ONE_N;
+                case ONE_N:
+                    return overridenMul == Multiplicity.ONE_ONE;
+                case ZERO_ONE:
+                    return overridenMul == Multiplicity.ONE_ONE;
+                default:
+                    return false;
+            }
+        } else {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The following methods implement rules that the OASIS specification defined explicitly
+     * to control how configuration from a component type is inherited by a component
+     */
+
+    /**
+     * OASIS RULE: Interface contract from higher in the implementation hierarchy takes precedence
+     * 
+     * @param topContract the top contract 
+     * @param bottomContract the bottom contract
+     */
+    private void calculateInterfaceContract(Contract topContract, Contract bottomContract) {
+
+        // Use the interface contract from the bottom level contract if
+        // none is specified on the top level contract
+        InterfaceContract topInterfaceContract = topContract.getInterfaceContract();
+        InterfaceContract bottomInterfaceContract = bottomContract.getInterfaceContract();
+
+        if (topInterfaceContract == null) {
+            topContract.setInterfaceContract(bottomInterfaceContract);
+        } else if (bottomInterfaceContract != null) {
+            // Check that the top and bottom interface contracts are compatible
+            boolean isCompatible = interfaceContractMapper.isCompatible(topInterfaceContract, bottomInterfaceContract);
+            if (!isCompatible) {
+                if (topContract instanceof Reference) {
+                    Monitor.error(monitor,
+                                  this,
+                                  "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                  "ReferenceInterfaceNotSubSet",
+                                  topContract.getName());
+                } else {
+                    Monitor.error(monitor,
+                                  this,
+                                  "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                  "ServiceInterfaceNotSubSet",
+                                  topContract.getName());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * OASIS RULE: Bindings from higher in the hierarchy take precedence
+     * 
+     * @param componentService the top service 
+     * @param componentTypeService the bottom service
+     */
+    private void calculateBindings(Service componentService, Service componentTypeService) {
+        // forward bindings
+        if (componentService.getBindings().isEmpty()) {
+            componentService.getBindings().addAll(componentTypeService.getBindings());
+        }
+
+        if (componentService.getBindings().isEmpty()) {
+            createSCABinding(componentService, null);
+        }
+
+        // callback bindings
+        if (componentService.getCallback() == null) {
+            componentService.setCallback(componentTypeService.getCallback());
+            if (componentService.getCallback() == null) {
+                // Create an empty callback to avoid null check
+                componentService.setCallback(assemblyFactory.createCallback());
+            }
+        } else if (componentService.getCallback().getBindings().isEmpty() && componentTypeService.getCallback() != null) {
+            componentService.getCallback().getBindings().addAll(componentTypeService.getCallback().getBindings());
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ComponentReferenceBindingBuilderImpl.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ComponentReferenceBindingBuilderImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f2b5f341e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ComponentReferenceBindingBuilderImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Binding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Component;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Composite;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Implementation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.BindingBuilder;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.BuilderExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilder;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilderException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.ExtensionPointRegistry;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.definitions.Definitions;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Monitor;
+
+/**
+ * A composite builder that performs any additional building steps that
+ * component reference bindings may need.  Used for WSDL generation.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class ComponentReferenceBindingBuilderImpl implements CompositeBuilder {
+
+    private BuilderExtensionPoint builders;
+
+    public ComponentReferenceBindingBuilderImpl(ExtensionPointRegistry registry) {
+        this.builders = registry.getExtensionPoint(BuilderExtensionPoint.class);
+    }
+
+    public Composite build(Composite composite, Definitions definitions, Monitor monitor)
+        throws CompositeBuilderException {
+        buildReferenceBindings(composite, monitor);
+        return composite;
+    }
+
+    public String getID() {
+        return "org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.ComponentReferenceBindingBuilder";
+    }
+
+    private void buildReferenceBindings(Composite composite, Monitor monitor) {
+
+        // find all the component reference bindings (starting at top level)     
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+            for (ComponentReference componentReference : component.getReferences()) {
+                for (Binding binding : componentReference.getBindings()) {
+                    BindingBuilder builder = builders.getBindingBuilder(binding.getClass());
+                    if (builder != null) {
+                        builder.build(component, componentReference, binding, monitor);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // build bindings recursively
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+            Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+            if (implementation instanceof Composite) {
+                buildReferenceBindings((Composite)implementation, monitor);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ComponentReferencePromotionBuilderImpl.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ComponentReferencePromotionBuilderImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7e7a96b016
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ComponentReferencePromotionBuilderImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.AssemblyFactory;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Component;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Composite;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.CompositeReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Implementation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Reference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.SCABinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilder;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilderException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.ExtensionPointRegistry;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.FactoryExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.definitions.Definitions;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Monitor;
+
+/**
+ * A composite builder that handles the creation of promoted composite services.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class ComponentReferencePromotionBuilderImpl implements CompositeBuilder {
+    private AssemblyFactory assemblyFactory;
+
+    public ComponentReferencePromotionBuilderImpl(ExtensionPointRegistry registry) {
+        FactoryExtensionPoint factories = registry.getExtensionPoint(FactoryExtensionPoint.class);
+        this.assemblyFactory = factories.getFactory(AssemblyFactory.class);
+    }
+
+    public Composite build(Composite composite, Definitions definitions, Monitor monitor)
+        throws CompositeBuilderException {
+        configureNestedCompositeReferences(composite, monitor);
+        return composite;
+    }
+
+    public String getID() {
+        return "org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.ComponentReferencePromotionBuilder";
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Push down reference configuration into nested composites.
+     * 
+     * @param composite
+     * @param problems
+     */
+    private void configureNestedCompositeReferences(Composite composite, Monitor monitor) {
+
+        // Process nested composites recursively
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+            Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+            if (implementation instanceof Composite) {
+                configureNestedCompositeReferences((Composite)implementation, monitor);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Process component references declared on components in this composite
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+            Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+            if (implementation instanceof Composite) {
+                for (ComponentReference componentReference : component.getReferences()) {
+                    Reference implReference = componentReference.getReference();
+                    if (implReference != null && implReference instanceof CompositeReference) {
+
+                        // If the component reference is wired, it is a promotion override
+                        if (!componentReference.getEndpointReferences().isEmpty()) {
+                            componentReference.setPromotionOverride(true);
+                        }
+
+                        // If the component reference is a promotion override, override the
+                        // configuration of the promoted reference  
+                        if (componentReference.isPromotionOverride()) {
+                            CompositeReference compositeReference = (CompositeReference)implReference;
+                            List<ComponentReference> promotedReferences =
+                                ReferenceConfigurationUtil.getPromotedComponentReferences(compositeReference);
+                            for (ComponentReference promotedReference : promotedReferences) {
+                                ReferenceConfigurationUtil.reconcileReferenceBindings(componentReference,
+                                                                                      promotedReference,
+                                                                                      assemblyFactory,
+                                                                                      monitor);
+                                if (componentReference.getInterfaceContract() != null && // can be null in unit tests
+                                componentReference.getInterfaceContract().getCallbackInterface() != null) {
+                                    SCABinding scaCallbackBinding =
+                                        promotedReference.getCallbackBinding(SCABinding.class);
+                                    if (promotedReference.getCallback() != null) {
+                                        promotedReference.getCallback().getBindings().clear();
+                                    } else {
+                                        promotedReference.setCallback(assemblyFactory.createCallback());
+                                    }
+                                    if (scaCallbackBinding != null) {
+                                        promotedReference.getCallback().getBindings().add(scaCallbackBinding);
+                                    }
+                                    if (componentReference.getCallback() != null) {
+                                        promotedReference.getCallback().getBindings().addAll(componentReference
+                                            .getCallback().getBindings());
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                /* TODO - let endpoint references worry about target service
+                                                               // Wire the promoted reference to the actual non-composite component services
+                                                               if (promotedReference.getMultiplicity() == Multiplicity.ONE_ONE) {
+                                                                   // promotedReference.getTargets().clear();
+                                                               }
+                                                               for (ComponentService target : componentReference.getTargets()) {
+                                                                   if (target.getService() instanceof CompositeService) {
+                                       
+                                                                       // Wire to the actual component service
+                                                                       // promoted by a composite service
+                                                                       CompositeService compositeService = (CompositeService)target.getService();
+                                                                       // Find the promoted component service
+                                                                       ComponentService componentService =
+                                                                           ServiceConfigurationUtil.getPromotedComponentService(compositeService);
+                                                                       if (componentService != null) {
+                                                                           promotedReference.getTargets().add(componentService);
+                                                                       }
+                                                                   } else {
+                                       
+                                                                       // Wire to a non-composite target service
+                                                                       promotedReference.getTargets().add(target);
+                                                                   }
+                                                               }
+                                */
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                /* TODO - let endpoint references worry about target servicep
+                                for (ComponentReference componentReference : component.getReferences()) {
+                    
+                                    // Wire the component reference to the actual
+                                    // non-composite component services
+                                    List<ComponentService> targets = componentReference.getTargets();
+                                    for (int i = 0, n = targets.size(); i < n; i++) {
+                                        ComponentService target = targets.get(i);
+                                        if (target.getService() instanceof CompositeService) {
+                    
+                                            // Wire to the actual component service
+                                            // promoted by a composite service
+                                            CompositeService compositeService = (CompositeService)target.getService();
+                                            ComponentService componentService = compositeService.getPromotedService();
+                                            if (componentService != null) {
+                                                targets.set(i, componentService);
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                */
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ComponentServiceBindingBuilderImpl.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ComponentServiceBindingBuilderImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c2a4079598
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ComponentServiceBindingBuilderImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Binding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Component;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentService;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Composite;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Implementation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.BindingBuilder;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.BuilderExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilder;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilderException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.ExtensionPointRegistry;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.definitions.Definitions;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Monitor;
+
+/**
+ * A composite builder that performs any additional building steps that
+ * component service bindings may need.  Used for WSDL generation.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class ComponentServiceBindingBuilderImpl implements CompositeBuilder {
+    private BuilderExtensionPoint builders;
+
+    public ComponentServiceBindingBuilderImpl(ExtensionPointRegistry registry) {
+        this.builders = registry.getExtensionPoint(BuilderExtensionPoint.class);
+    }
+
+    public String getID() {
+        return "org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.ComponentServiceBindingBuilder";
+    }
+
+    public Composite build(Composite composite, Definitions definitions, Monitor monitor)
+        throws CompositeBuilderException {
+        buildServiceBindings(composite, monitor);
+        return composite;
+    }
+
+    private void buildServiceBindings(Composite composite, Monitor monitor) {
+
+        // build bindings recursively
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+            Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+            if (implementation instanceof Composite) {
+                buildServiceBindings((Composite)implementation, monitor);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // find all the component service bindings     
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+            for (ComponentService componentService : component.getServices()) {
+                for (Binding binding : componentService.getBindings()) {
+                    BindingBuilder builder = builders.getBindingBuilder(binding.getClass());
+                    if (builder != null) {
+                        builder.build(component, componentService, binding, monitor);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ComponentServicePromotionBuilderImpl.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ComponentServicePromotionBuilderImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..19ae78551a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ComponentServicePromotionBuilderImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.AssemblyFactory;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Component;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentService;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Composite;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.CompositeService;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Implementation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Service;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilder;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilderException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.definitions.Definitions;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Monitor;
+
+/**
+ * A composite builder that handles the creation of promoted services.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class ComponentServicePromotionBuilderImpl implements CompositeBuilder {
+    private AssemblyFactory assemblyFactory;
+
+    public ComponentServicePromotionBuilderImpl(AssemblyFactory assemblyFactory) {
+        this.assemblyFactory = assemblyFactory;
+    }
+
+    public String getID() {
+        return "org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.ComponentServicePromotionBuilder";
+    }
+
+    public Composite build(Composite composite, Definitions definitions, Monitor monitor)
+        throws CompositeBuilderException {
+
+        // Process nested composites recursively
+        configureNestedCompositeServices(composite);
+        return composite;
+    }
+
+    private void configureNestedCompositeServices(Composite composite) {
+
+        // Process nested composites recursively
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+            Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+            if (implementation instanceof Composite) {
+
+                // First process nested composites
+                configureNestedCompositeServices((Composite)implementation);
+
+                // Process the component services declared on components in this composite
+                for (ComponentService componentService : component.getServices()) {
+                    Service implService = componentService.getService();
+                    if (implService != null && implService instanceof CompositeService) {
+                        CompositeService compositeService = (CompositeService)implService;
+
+                        // Get the innermost promoted service
+                        ComponentService promotedService =
+                            ServiceConfigurationUtil.getPromotedComponentService(compositeService);
+                        if (promotedService != null) {
+                            Component promotedComponent =
+                                ServiceConfigurationUtil.getPromotedComponent(compositeService);
+
+                            // Create a new component service to represent this
+                            // component service on the promoted component
+                            ComponentService newComponentService = assemblyFactory.createComponentService();
+                            newComponentService.setName("$promoted$" + component.getName()
+                                + "$slash$"
+                                + componentService.getName());
+                            promotedComponent.getServices().add(newComponentService);
+                            newComponentService.setService(promotedService.getService());
+                            newComponentService.getBindings().addAll(componentService.getBindings());
+                            newComponentService.setInterfaceContract(componentService.getInterfaceContract());
+
+                            if (componentService.getInterfaceContract() != null && componentService
+                                .getInterfaceContract().getCallbackInterface() != null) {
+                                newComponentService.setCallback(assemblyFactory.createCallback());
+                                newComponentService.getCallback().getBindings().addAll(componentService.getCallback()
+                                    .getBindings());
+                            }
+
+                            // Change the composite service to now promote the
+                            // newly created component service directly
+                            compositeService.setPromotedComponent(promotedComponent);
+                            compositeService.setPromotedService(newComponentService);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/CompositeCloneBuilderImpl.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/CompositeCloneBuilderImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..73626243e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/CompositeCloneBuilderImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Component;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Composite;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Implementation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilder;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilderException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.definitions.Definitions;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Monitor;
+
+/**
+ * A composite builder that clones nested composites.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class CompositeCloneBuilderImpl implements CompositeBuilder {
+
+    public CompositeCloneBuilderImpl() {
+    }
+
+    public Composite build(Composite composite, Definitions definitions, Monitor monitor)
+        throws CompositeBuilderException {
+
+        if (Composite.DOMAIN_COMPOSITE.equals(composite.getName())) {
+            // Try to avoid clone for top-level composites that are added to the domain composite
+            for (Composite included : composite.getIncludes()) {
+                cloneIncludes(included);
+            }
+        } else {
+            // Clone the includes 
+            cloneIncludes(composite);
+        }
+
+        cloneCompositeImplementations(composite);
+        return composite;
+    }
+
+    private void cloneIncludes(Composite composite) {
+        List<Composite> includes = new ArrayList<Composite>();
+        for (Composite included : composite.getIncludes()) {
+            try {
+                includes.add((Composite)included.clone());
+            } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
+                throw new UnsupportedOperationException(e);
+            }
+        }
+        composite.getIncludes().clear();
+        composite.getIncludes().addAll(includes);
+    }
+
+    public String getID() {
+        return "org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeCloneBuilder";
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Clone composite component implementations
+     * 
+     * @param composite
+     * @param problems
+     */
+    private void cloneCompositeImplementations(Composite composite) {
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+            Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+            if (implementation instanceof Composite) {
+
+                Composite compositeImplementation = (Composite)implementation;
+                try {
+                    // Please note the clone method is recursive
+                    Composite clone = (Composite)compositeImplementation.clone();
+                    component.setImplementation(clone);
+                } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
+                    throw new UnsupportedOperationException(e);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/CompositeComponentTypeBuilderImpl.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/CompositeComponentTypeBuilderImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..69428285ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/CompositeComponentTypeBuilderImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,482 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.logging.Logger;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.AssemblyFactory;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Binding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Component;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentService;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Composite;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.CompositeReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.CompositeService;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Contract;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Implementation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Reference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.SCABinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.SCABindingFactory;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Service;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.BuilderExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.ExtensionPointRegistry;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.FactoryExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.UtilityExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.definitions.Definitions;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.InterfaceContract;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.InterfaceContractMapper;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Monitor;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.MonitorFactory;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.policy.ExtensionType;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.policy.PolicySubject;
+
+/**
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+
+// TODO - really implementation.composite component type builder - CompositeComponentTypeBuilder?
+
+public class CompositeComponentTypeBuilderImpl {
+    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(CompositeComponentTypeBuilderImpl.class.getName());
+
+    protected static final String SCA11_NS = "http://docs.oasis-open.org/ns/opencsa/sca/200903";
+    protected static final String BINDING_SCA = "binding.sca";
+    protected static final QName BINDING_SCA_QNAME = new QName(SCA11_NS, BINDING_SCA);
+
+    private ComponentBuilderImpl componentBuilder;
+    private Monitor monitor;
+    private AssemblyFactory assemblyFactory;
+    private SCABindingFactory scaBindingFactory;
+    private InterfaceContractMapper interfaceContractMapper;
+    private BuilderExtensionPoint builders;
+
+    public CompositeComponentTypeBuilderImpl(ExtensionPointRegistry registry) {
+        UtilityExtensionPoint utilities = registry.getExtensionPoint(UtilityExtensionPoint.class);
+        MonitorFactory monitorFactory = utilities.getUtility(MonitorFactory.class);
+        monitor = monitorFactory.createMonitor();
+
+        FactoryExtensionPoint modelFactories = registry.getExtensionPoint(FactoryExtensionPoint.class);
+        assemblyFactory = modelFactories.getFactory(AssemblyFactory.class);
+        scaBindingFactory = modelFactories.getFactory(SCABindingFactory.class);
+
+        interfaceContractMapper = utilities.getUtility(InterfaceContractMapper.class);
+        builders = registry.getExtensionPoint(BuilderExtensionPoint.class);
+    }
+
+    public void setComponentBuilder(ComponentBuilderImpl componentBuilder) {
+        this.componentBuilder = componentBuilder;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Calculate the component type for the provided implementation
+     * 
+     * @param implementation
+     * @return component type
+     */
+    public void createComponentType(Implementation implementation) {
+        if (!(implementation instanceof Composite)) {
+            // component type will have been calculated at resolve time
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // create the composite component type as this was not
+        // calculated at resolve time
+        Composite composite = (Composite)implementation;
+
+        // first make sure that each child component has been properly configured based
+        // on its own component type
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+
+            // Check for duplicate component names
+            if (composite.getComponent(component.getName()) == null) {
+                Monitor.error(monitor, this, "assembly-validation-messages", "DuplicateComponentName", composite
+                    .getName().toString(), component.getName());
+            }
+
+            // do any work we need to do before we configure the component
+            // Anything that needs to be pushed down the promotion
+            // hierarchy must be done before we configure the component
+
+            // Push down the autowire flag from the composite to components
+            if (component.getAutowire() == null) {
+                component.setAutowire(composite.getAutowire());
+            }
+
+            // configure the component from its component type
+            componentBuilder.configureComponentFromComponentType(composite, component);
+        }
+
+        // create the composite component type based on the promoted artifacts
+        // from the components that it contains
+
+        // index all the components, services and references in the
+        // component type so that they are easy to find
+        Map<String, Component> components = new HashMap<String, Component>();
+        Map<String, ComponentService> componentServices = new HashMap<String, ComponentService>();
+        Map<String, ComponentReference> componentReferences = new HashMap<String, ComponentReference>();
+        indexComponentsServicesAndReferences(composite, components, componentServices, componentReferences);
+
+        // services
+        calculateServices(composite, components, componentServices);
+
+        // references
+        calculateReferences(composite, components, componentReferences);
+
+        // properties
+        // Properties on the composite component are unaffected by properties 
+        // on child components. Instead child component properties might take their
+        // values from component properties. Hence there is nothing to do here.
+        //calculateProperties(composite, components);
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Index components, services and references inside a composite.
+     * 
+     * @param composite
+     * @param components
+     * @param componentServices
+     * @param componentReferences
+     */
+    private void indexComponentsServicesAndReferences(Composite composite,
+                                                      Map<String, Component> components,
+                                                      Map<String, ComponentService> componentServices,
+                                                      Map<String, ComponentReference> componentReferences) {
+
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+
+            // Index components by name
+            components.put(component.getName(), component);
+
+            ComponentService nonCallbackService = null;
+            int nonCallbackServices = 0;
+            for (ComponentService componentService : component.getServices()) {
+
+                // Index component services by component name / service name
+                String uri = component.getName() + '/' + componentService.getName();
+                componentServices.put(uri, componentService);
+
+                // count how many non-callback services there are
+                // if there is only one the component name also acts as the service name
+                if (!componentService.isForCallback()) {
+
+                    // Check how many non callback non-promoted services we have
+                    if (nonCallbackServices == 0) {
+                        nonCallbackService = componentService;
+                    }
+                    nonCallbackServices++;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (nonCallbackServices == 1) {
+                // If we have a single non callback service, index it by
+                // component name as well
+                componentServices.put(component.getName(), nonCallbackService);
+            }
+
+            // Index references by component name / reference name
+            for (ComponentReference componentReference : component.getReferences()) {
+                String uri = component.getName() + '/' + componentReference.getName();
+                componentReferences.put(uri, componentReference);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Connect the services in the component type to the component services that
+     * they promote
+     * 
+     * @param componentType
+     * @param component
+     */
+    private void calculateServices(ComponentType componentType,
+                                   Map<String, Component> components,
+                                   Map<String, ComponentService> componentServices) {
+
+        // Connect this component type's services to the 
+        // services from child components which it promotes
+        connectPromotedServices(componentType, components, componentServices);
+
+        // look at each component type service in turn and 
+        // calculate its configuration based on OASIS rules
+        for (Service service : componentType.getServices()) {
+            CompositeService compositeService = (CompositeService)service;
+            ComponentService promotedComponentService = compositeService.getPromotedService();
+
+            // promote interface contracts
+            calculatePromotedInterfaceContract(compositeService, promotedComponentService);
+
+            // promote bindings
+            calculatePromotedBindings(compositeService, promotedComponentService);
+
+            // promote intents - done later in CompositePolicyBuilder - discuss with RF
+            // calculatePromotedIntents(compositeService, promotedComponentService);
+
+            // promote policy sets - done later in CompositePolicyBuilder - discuss with RF
+            // calculatePromotedPolicySets(compositeService, promotedComponentService);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Connect the references in the component type to the component references that
+     * they promote
+     * 
+     * @param componentType
+     * @param component
+     */
+    private void calculateReferences(ComponentType componentType,
+                                     Map<String, Component> components,
+                                     Map<String, ComponentReference> componentReferences) {
+
+        // Connect this component type's references to the 
+        // references from child components which it promotes
+        connectPromotedReferences(componentType, components, componentReferences);
+
+        // look at each component type reference in turn and 
+        // calculate its configuration based on OASIS rules
+        for (Reference reference : componentType.getReferences()) {
+            CompositeReference compositeReference = (CompositeReference)reference;
+            List<ComponentReference> promotedReferences = compositeReference.getPromotedReferences();
+
+            for (ComponentReference promotedComponentReference : promotedReferences) {
+
+                // promote interface contracts
+                calculatePromotedInterfaceContract(compositeReference, promotedComponentReference);
+
+                // promote bindings
+                // Don't need to promote reference bindings as any lower level binding will
+                // already be targeting the correct service without need for promotion
+                //calculatePromotedBindings(compositeReference, promotedComponentReference);
+
+                // promote intents - done later in CompositePolicyBuilder - discuss with RF
+                // calculatePromotedIntents(compositeService, promotedComponentService);
+
+                // promote policy sets - done later in CompositePolicyBuilder - discuss with RF
+                // calculatePromotedPolicySets(compositeService, promotedComponentService);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Connect the services in the component type to the component services that
+     * they promote
+     * 
+     * @param componentType
+     * @param component
+     */
+    private void connectPromotedServices(ComponentType componentType,
+                                         Map<String, Component> components,
+                                         Map<String, ComponentService> componentServices) {
+
+        for (Service service : componentType.getServices()) {
+            // Connect composite (component type) services to the component services 
+            // that they promote 
+            CompositeService compositeService = (CompositeService)service;
+            ComponentService componentService = compositeService.getPromotedService();
+            if (componentService != null && componentService.isUnresolved()) {
+                // get the name of the promoted component/service
+                String promotedComponentName = compositeService.getPromotedComponent().getName();
+                String promotedServiceName;
+                if (componentService.getName() != null) {
+                    if (compositeService.isForCallback()) {
+                        // For callbacks the name already has the form "componentName/servicename"
+                        promotedServiceName = componentService.getName();
+                    } else {
+                        promotedServiceName = promotedComponentName + '/' + componentService.getName();
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    promotedServiceName = promotedComponentName;
+                }
+
+                // find the promoted service
+                ComponentService promotedService = componentServices.get(promotedServiceName);
+
+                if (promotedService != null) {
+
+                    // Point to the resolved component
+                    Component promotedComponent = components.get(promotedComponentName);
+                    compositeService.setPromotedComponent(promotedComponent);
+
+                    // Point to the resolved component service
+                    compositeService.setPromotedService(promotedService);
+                } else {
+                    Monitor.error(monitor,
+                                  this,
+                                  "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                  "PromotedServiceNotFound",
+                                  ((Composite)componentType).getName().toString(),
+                                  promotedServiceName);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Connect the references in the component type to the component references that
+     * they promote
+     * 
+     * @param componentType
+     * @param component
+     */
+    private void connectPromotedReferences(ComponentType componentType,
+                                           Map<String, Component> components,
+                                           Map<String, ComponentReference> componentReferences) {
+
+        // Connect composite (component type) references to the component references that they promote
+        for (Reference reference : componentType.getReferences()) {
+            CompositeReference compositeReference = (CompositeReference)reference;
+            List<ComponentReference> promotedReferences = compositeReference.getPromotedReferences();
+            for (int i = 0, n = promotedReferences.size(); i < n; i++) {
+                ComponentReference componentReference = promotedReferences.get(i);
+                if (componentReference.isUnresolved()) {
+                    String componentReferenceName = componentReference.getName();
+                    componentReference = componentReferences.get(componentReferenceName);
+                    if (componentReference != null) {
+                        // Set the promoted component
+                        Component promotedComponent = compositeReference.getPromotedComponents().get(i);
+                        promotedComponent = components.get(promotedComponent.getName());
+                        compositeReference.getPromotedComponents().set(i, promotedComponent);
+
+                        componentReference.setPromoted(true);
+
+                        // Point to the resolved component reference
+                        promotedReferences.set(i, componentReference);
+                    } else {
+                        Monitor.error(monitor,
+                                      this,
+                                      "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                      "PromotedReferenceNotFound",
+                                      ((Composite)componentType).getName().toString(),
+                                      componentReferenceName);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a default SCA binding in the case that no binding
+     * is specified by the user
+     * 
+     * @param contract
+     * @param definitions
+     */
+    protected void createSCABinding(Contract contract, Definitions definitions) {
+
+        SCABinding scaBinding = scaBindingFactory.createSCABinding();
+
+        if (definitions != null) {
+            for (ExtensionType attachPointType : definitions.getBindingTypes()) {
+                if (attachPointType.getType().equals(BINDING_SCA_QNAME)) {
+                    ((PolicySubject)scaBinding).setExtensionType(attachPointType);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        contract.getBindings().add(scaBinding);
+        contract.setOverridingBindings(false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The following methods implement rules that the OASIS specification defined explicitly
+     * to control how configuration from a component type is inherited by a component
+     */
+
+    /**
+     * OASIS RULE: Interface contract from higher in the implementation hierarchy takes precedence
+     * 
+     * @param topContract the top contract 
+     * @param bottomContract the bottom contract
+     */
+    private void calculatePromotedInterfaceContract(Contract topContract, Contract bottomContract) {
+        // Use the interface contract from the bottom level contract if
+        // none is specified on the top level contract
+        InterfaceContract topInterfaceContract = topContract.getInterfaceContract();
+        InterfaceContract bottomInterfaceContract = bottomContract.getInterfaceContract();
+
+        if (topInterfaceContract == null) {
+            topContract.setInterfaceContract(bottomInterfaceContract);
+        } else if (bottomInterfaceContract != null) {
+            // Check that the top and bottom interface contracts are compatible
+            boolean isCompatible = interfaceContractMapper.isCompatible(topInterfaceContract, bottomInterfaceContract);
+            if (!isCompatible) {
+                if (topContract instanceof Reference) {
+                    Monitor.error(monitor,
+                                  this,
+                                  "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                  "ReferenceInterfaceNotSubSet",
+                                  topContract.getName());
+                } else {
+                    Monitor.error(monitor,
+                                  this,
+                                  "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                  "ServiceInterfaceNotSubSet",
+                                  topContract.getName());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * OASIS RULE: Bindings from higher in the implementation hierarchy take precedence
+     * 
+     * @param compositeService
+     * @param promotedComponentService
+     */
+    private void calculatePromotedBindings(CompositeService compositeService, ComponentService promotedComponentService) {
+        // forward bindings
+        if (compositeService.getBindings().isEmpty()) {
+            for (Binding binding : promotedComponentService.getBindings()) {
+                try {
+                    compositeService.getBindings().add((Binding)binding.clone());
+                } catch (CloneNotSupportedException ex) {
+                    // this binding can't be used in the promoted service
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (compositeService.getBindings().isEmpty()) {
+            createSCABinding(compositeService, null);
+        }
+
+        // callback bindings
+        if (promotedComponentService.getCallback() != null) {
+            if (compositeService.getCallback() != null) {
+                compositeService.getCallback().getBindings().clear();
+            } else {
+                compositeService.setCallback(assemblyFactory.createCallback());
+            }
+
+            for (Binding binding : promotedComponentService.getCallback().getBindings()) {
+                try {
+                    compositeService.getCallback().getBindings().add((Binding)binding.clone());
+                } catch (CloneNotSupportedException ex) {
+                    // this binding can't be used in the promoted service
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+} //end class
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/CompositeIncludeBuilderImpl.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/CompositeIncludeBuilderImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cd197f625b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/CompositeIncludeBuilderImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Component;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Composite;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Implementation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Reference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Service;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilder;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilderException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.definitions.Definitions;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Monitor;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of a CompositeBuilder.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class CompositeIncludeBuilderImpl implements CompositeBuilder {
+
+    public CompositeIncludeBuilderImpl() {
+    }
+
+    public String getID() {
+        return "org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeIncludeBuilder";
+    }
+
+    public Composite build(Composite composite, Definitions definitions, Monitor monitor)
+        throws CompositeBuilderException {
+        return processIncludes(composite, monitor);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Merge the elements from the included composites into the including composite
+     * @param composite
+     * @param monitor
+     * @return
+     */
+    private Composite processIncludes(Composite composite, Monitor monitor) {
+        monitor.pushContext("Composite: " + composite.getName().toString());
+
+        try {
+            // process any composites referenced through implementation.composite 
+            for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+
+                // recurse for composite implementations
+                Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+                if (implementation instanceof Composite) {
+                    processIncludes((Composite)implementation, monitor);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // get the components etc. from any included composites
+            for (Composite included : composite.getIncludes()) {
+                if (included.isLocal() && !composite.isLocal()) {
+                    // ASM60041
+                    Monitor.error(monitor, this, "assembly-validation-messages", "IllegalCompositeIncusion", composite
+                        .getName().toString(), included.getName().toString());
+                    return null;
+                }
+
+                // The included has been cloned during composite.clone()
+                Composite merged = processIncludes(included, monitor);
+                if (merged != null) {
+                    for (Component component : merged.getComponents()) {
+                        // apply the autowire flag on this composite to any inline 
+                        // components - Assembly 5.6 point 4
+                        if (component.getAutowire() == null && merged.getAutowire() == Boolean.TRUE) {
+                            component.setAutowire(Boolean.TRUE);
+                        }
+                        // Merge the intents and policySets from the included composite into 
+                        // component/service/reference elements under the composite
+                        component.getRequiredIntents().addAll(merged.getRequiredIntents());
+                        component.getPolicySets().addAll(merged.getPolicySets());
+                    }
+
+                    for (Service service : merged.getServices()) {
+                        service.getRequiredIntents().addAll(merged.getRequiredIntents());
+                        service.getPolicySets().addAll(merged.getPolicySets());
+                    }
+
+                    for (Reference reference : merged.getReferences()) {
+                        reference.getRequiredIntents().addAll(merged.getRequiredIntents());
+                        reference.getPolicySets().addAll(merged.getPolicySets());
+                    }
+                    composite.getComponents().addAll(merged.getComponents());
+                    composite.getServices().addAll(merged.getServices());
+                    composite.getReferences().addAll(merged.getReferences());
+                    composite.getProperties().addAll(merged.getProperties());
+                    composite.getWires().addAll(merged.getWires());
+                    // FIXME: What should we do for the extensions
+                    /*
+                    clone.getExtensions().addAll(fusedComposite.getExtensions());
+                    clone.getAttributeExtensions().addAll(fusedComposite.getAttributeExtensions());
+                    */
+                }
+            }
+
+            composite.getIncludes().clear();
+
+            // return the fused composite we have built up so far
+            return composite;
+        } finally {
+            monitor.popContext();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/CompositePolicyBuilderImpl.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/CompositePolicyBuilderImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5f839f4505
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/CompositePolicyBuilderImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,402 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
+
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Binding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Component;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentService;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Composite;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.CompositeReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.CompositeService;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Endpoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.EndpointReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Implementation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Reference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Service;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilder;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilderException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.ExtensionPointRegistry;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.definitions.Definitions;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Monitor;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.policy.Intent;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.policy.IntentMap;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.policy.PolicySet;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.policy.PolicySubject;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.policy.Qualifier;
+
+/**
+ * A composite builder that computes policy sets based on attached intents and policy sets.
+ * Useful if you want to build the model without making any runtime decisions such as
+ * reference/services matching
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class CompositePolicyBuilderImpl extends BaseBuilderImpl implements CompositeBuilder {
+    public CompositePolicyBuilderImpl(ExtensionPointRegistry registry) {
+        super(registry);
+    }
+
+    public String getID() {
+        return "org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositePolicyBuilder";
+    }
+
+    public Composite build(Composite composite, Definitions definitions, Monitor monitor)
+        throws CompositeBuilderException {
+        computePolicies(composite, definitions, monitor);
+        return composite;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Inherit the intents and policySets from the list of models
+     * @param intents
+     * @param policySets
+     * @param models
+     */
+    private void inherit(PolicySubject policySubject, Object... models) {
+        for (Object model : models) {
+            if (model instanceof PolicySubject) {
+                PolicySubject subject = (PolicySubject)model;
+                policySubject.getRequiredIntents().addAll(subject.getRequiredIntents());
+                policySubject.getPolicySets().addAll(subject.getPolicySets());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if two policy subjects requires multually exclusive intents
+     * @param subject1
+     * @param subject2
+     * @param monitor 
+     * @return
+     */
+    private boolean checkMutualExclusion(PolicySubject subject1, PolicySubject subject2, Monitor monitor) {
+        if (subject1 == subject2 || subject1 == null || subject2 == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        for (Intent i1 : subject1.getRequiredIntents()) {
+            for (Intent i2 : subject1.getRequiredIntents()) {
+                if (i1.getExcludedIntents().contains(i2) || i2.getExcludedIntents().contains(i1)) {
+                    error(monitor, "MutuallyExclusiveIntents", new Object[] {subject1, subject2}, i1, i2);
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Inherit the policySets and intents from the implementation hierarchy
+     * @param subject
+     * @param composite
+     * @param component
+     * @param service
+     */
+    private void inheritFromService(PolicySubject subject, Composite composite, Component component, Service service) {
+        if (service == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (service instanceof ComponentService) {
+            // component!=null
+            if (component.getImplementation() instanceof Composite) {
+                composite = (Composite)component.getImplementation();
+            }
+            inheritFromService(subject, composite, component, ((ComponentService)service).getService());
+            // Component service also inherits the intents/policySets from composite/component
+            inherit(subject, composite, component);
+        } else if (service instanceof CompositeService) {
+            // composite!=null, component is not used
+            CompositeService compositeService = (CompositeService)service;
+            // Handle the promoted component service
+            inheritFromService(subject, composite, compositeService.getPromotedComponent(), compositeService
+                .getPromotedService());
+        }
+        // For atomic service, the composite is not used
+        inherit(subject, component.getImplementation(), service);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Inherit the policySets and intents from the implementation hierarchy
+     * @param subject
+     * @param composite
+     * @param component
+     * @param reference
+     */
+    private void inheritFromReference(PolicySubject subject,
+                                      Composite composite,
+                                      Component component,
+                                      Reference reference) {
+        if (reference == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (reference instanceof ComponentReference) {
+            // component!=null
+            if (component.getImplementation() instanceof Composite) {
+                composite = (Composite)component.getImplementation();
+            }
+            inheritFromReference(subject, composite, component, ((ComponentReference)reference).getReference());
+        } else if (reference instanceof CompositeReference) {
+            CompositeReference compositeReference = (CompositeReference)reference;
+            for (int i = 0, n = compositeReference.getPromotedReferences().size(); i < n; i++) {
+                inheritFromReference(subject,
+                                     composite,
+                                     compositeReference.getPromotedComponents().get(i),
+                                     compositeReference.getPromotedReferences().get(i));
+            }
+        }
+        // Inherit from the componentType/reference
+        inherit(subject, component.getImplementation(), reference);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if two names are equal
+     * @param name1
+     * @param name2
+     * @return
+     */
+    private boolean isEqual(String name1, String name2) {
+        if (name1 == name2) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (name1 != null) {
+            return name1.equals(name2);
+        } else {
+            return name2.equals(name1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private Intent resolve(Definitions definitions, Intent proxy) {
+        for (Intent i : definitions.getIntents()) {
+            if (i.equals(proxy)) {
+                return i;
+            }
+            for (Intent qi : i.getQualifiedIntents()) {
+                if (qi.equals(proxy)) {
+                    return qi;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private void resolveAndNormalize(PolicySubject subject, Definitions definitions, Monitor monitor) {
+
+        Set<Intent> intents = new HashSet<Intent>();
+        if (definitions != null) {
+            for (Intent i : subject.getRequiredIntents()) {
+                Intent resolved = resolve(definitions, i);
+                if (resolved != null) {
+                    intents.add(resolved);
+                } else {
+                    warning(monitor, "IntentNotFound", subject, i);
+                    // Intent cannot be resolved
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Replace profile intents with their required intents
+        while (!intents.isEmpty()) {
+            boolean profileIntentsFound = false;
+            Set<Intent> copy = new HashSet<Intent>(intents);
+            for (Intent i : copy) {
+                if (!i.getRequiredIntents().isEmpty()) {
+                    intents.remove(i);
+                    intents.addAll(i.getRequiredIntents());
+                    profileIntentsFound = true;
+                }
+            }
+            if (!profileIntentsFound) {
+                // No more profileIntents
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Remove the intents whose @contraints do not include the current element
+        // Replace unqualified intents if there is a qualified intent in the list
+        Set<Intent> copy = new HashSet<Intent>(intents);
+        for (Intent i : copy) {
+            if (i.getQualifiableIntent() != null) {
+                intents.remove(i.getQualifiableIntent());
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Replace qualifiable intents with the default qualified intent
+        copy = new HashSet<Intent>(intents);
+        for (Intent i : copy) {
+            if (i.getDefaultQualifiedIntent() != null) {
+                intents.remove(i);
+                intents.add(i.getDefaultQualifiedIntent());
+            }
+        }
+
+        subject.getRequiredIntents().clear();
+        subject.getRequiredIntents().addAll(intents);
+
+        Set<PolicySet> policySets = new HashSet<PolicySet>();
+        if (definitions != null) {
+            for (PolicySet policySet : subject.getPolicySets()) {
+                int index = definitions.getPolicySets().indexOf(policySet);
+                if (index != -1) {
+                    policySets.add(definitions.getPolicySets().get(index));
+                } else {
+                    // PolicySet cannot be resolved
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (Intent intent : subject.getRequiredIntents()) {
+            loop: for (PolicySet ps : definitions.getPolicySets()) {
+                // FIXME: We will have to check the policy references and intentMap too
+                // as well as the appliesTo
+                if (ps.getProvidedIntents().contains(intent)) {
+                    policySets.add(ps);
+                    break;
+                }
+                for (IntentMap map : ps.getIntentMaps()) {
+                    for (Qualifier q : map.getQualifiers()) {
+                        if (intent.equals(q.getIntent())) {
+                            policySets.add(ps);
+                            break loop;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        subject.getPolicySets().clear();
+        subject.getPolicySets().addAll(policySets);
+
+    }
+
+    protected void computePolicies(Composite composite, Definitions definitions, Monitor monitor) {
+
+        // compute policies recursively
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+            Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+            if (implementation instanceof Composite) {
+                computePolicies((Composite)implementation, definitions, monitor);
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+            checkMutualExclusion(component, component.getImplementation(), monitor);
+
+            for (ComponentService componentService : component.getServices()) {
+                checkMutualExclusion(componentService, componentService.getService(), monitor);
+
+                if (componentService.getInterfaceContract() != null && componentService.getService() != null) {
+                    checkMutualExclusion(componentService.getInterfaceContract().getInterface(), componentService
+                        .getService().getInterfaceContract().getInterface(), monitor);
+                    checkMutualExclusion(componentService.getInterfaceContract().getCallbackInterface(),
+                                         componentService.getService().getInterfaceContract().getCallbackInterface(),
+                                         monitor);
+                }
+
+                for (Endpoint ep : componentService.getEndpoints()) {
+                    // Inherit from the componentType.service.interface
+                    if (componentService.getService() != null && componentService.getService().getInterfaceContract() != null) {
+                        inherit(ep, componentService.getService().getInterfaceContract().getInterface());
+                    }
+                    if (componentService.getInterfaceContract() != null) {
+                        // Inherit from the component.service.interface
+                        inherit(ep, componentService.getInterfaceContract().getInterface());
+                    }
+                    // Inherit from the componentType/service
+                    inheritFromService(ep, composite, component, componentService.getService());
+                    // Find the corresponding binding in the componentType and inherit the intents/policySets
+                    if (componentService.getService() != null) {
+                        for (Binding binding : componentService.getService().getBindings()) {
+                            if (isEqual(ep.getBinding().getName(), binding.getName()) && (binding instanceof PolicySubject)) {
+                                checkMutualExclusion((PolicySubject)ep.getBinding(), (PolicySubject)binding, monitor);
+                                // Inherit from componentType.service.binding
+                                inherit(ep, binding);
+                                break;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    // Inherit from composite/component/service
+                    inheritFromService(ep, composite, ep.getComponent(), ep.getService());
+                    // Inherit from binding
+                    inherit(ep, ep.getBinding());
+
+                    // Replace profile intents with their required intents
+                    // Remove the intents whose @contraints do not include the current element
+                    // Replace unqualified intents if there is a qualified intent in the list
+                    // Replace qualifiable intents with the default qualied intent
+                    resolveAndNormalize(ep, definitions, monitor);
+                }
+            }
+
+            for (ComponentReference componentReference : component.getReferences()) {
+                checkMutualExclusion(componentReference, componentReference.getReference(), monitor);
+
+                if (componentReference.getInterfaceContract() != null && componentReference.getReference() != null) {
+                    checkMutualExclusion(componentReference.getInterfaceContract().getInterface(), componentReference
+                        .getReference().getInterfaceContract().getInterface(), monitor);
+                    checkMutualExclusion(componentReference.getInterfaceContract().getCallbackInterface(),
+                                         componentReference.getReference().getInterfaceContract()
+                                             .getCallbackInterface(),
+                                         monitor);
+                }
+
+                for (EndpointReference epr : componentReference.getEndpointReferences()) {
+                    // Inherit from the componentType.reference.interface
+                    if (componentReference.getReference() != null && componentReference.getReference()
+                        .getInterfaceContract() != null) {
+                        inherit(epr, componentReference.getReference().getInterfaceContract().getInterface());
+                    }
+                    // Inherit from the component.reference.interface
+                    if (componentReference.getInterfaceContract() != null) {
+                        inherit(epr, componentReference.getInterfaceContract().getInterface());
+                    }
+                    // Inherit from the componentType/reference
+                    inheritFromReference(epr, composite, component, componentReference.getReference());
+                    // Find the corresponding binding in the componentType and inherit the intents/policySets
+                    if (componentReference.getReference() != null) {
+                        for (Binding binding : componentReference.getReference().getBindings()) {
+                            if (epr.getBinding() != null && isEqual(epr.getBinding().getName(), binding.getName())
+                                && (binding instanceof PolicySubject)) {
+                                checkMutualExclusion((PolicySubject)epr.getBinding(), (PolicySubject)binding, monitor);
+                                // Inherit from componentType.reference.binding
+                                inherit(epr, binding);
+                                break;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    // Inherit from composite/component/reference/binding
+                    inheritFromReference(epr, composite, epr.getComponent(), epr.getReference());
+                    inherit(epr, epr.getBinding());
+
+                    // Replace profile intents with their required intents
+                    // Remove the intents whose @contraints do not include the current element
+                    // Replace unqualified intents if there is a qualified intent in the list
+                    // Replace qualifiable intents with the default qualied intent
+                    resolveAndNormalize(epr, definitions, monitor);
+                }
+            }
+
+            Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+            // How to deal with implementation level policySets/intents
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/EndpointBuilderImpl.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/EndpointBuilderImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fa67818408
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/EndpointBuilderImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.AssemblyFactory;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Binding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Component;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentService;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Composite;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Endpoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Implementation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilderException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.ExtensionPointRegistry;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.FactoryExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.definitions.Definitions;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Monitor;
+
+/**
+ * creates endpoint models for component services.
+ */
+public class EndpointBuilderImpl {
+    private AssemblyFactory assemblyFactory;
+
+    public EndpointBuilderImpl(ExtensionPointRegistry registry) {
+        FactoryExtensionPoint modelFactories = registry.getExtensionPoint(FactoryExtensionPoint.class);
+        this.assemblyFactory = modelFactories.getFactory(AssemblyFactory.class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create endpoint models for all component services.
+     * 
+     * @param composite - the top-level composite to build the models for
+     * @param definitions
+     * @param monitor - a Monitor for logging errors
+     */
+    public Composite build(Composite composite, Definitions definitions, Monitor monitor)
+        throws CompositeBuilderException {
+
+        processComponentServices(composite);
+        return composite;
+
+    } // end method build
+
+    private void processComponentServices(Composite composite) {
+
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+
+            // recurse for composite implementations
+            Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+            if (implementation instanceof Composite) {
+                processComponentServices((Composite)implementation);
+            }
+
+            // create an endpoint for each component service binding
+            for (ComponentService service : component.getServices()) {
+
+                /* change to finding the promoted component and service
+                 * when the wire is created as storing them here leads to 
+                 * the wrong URI being calculated
+                Component endpointComponent = component;
+                ComponentService endpointService = service;
+
+                // TODO - EPR - We maintain all endpoints at the right level now
+                //              but endpoints for promoting services must point down
+                //              to the services they promote. 
+                if (service.getService() instanceof CompositeService) {
+                    CompositeService compositeService = (CompositeService)service.getService();
+                    endpointService = ServiceConfigurationUtil.getPromotedComponentService(compositeService);
+                    endpointComponent = ServiceConfigurationUtil.getPromotedComponent(compositeService);
+                } // end if
+                */
+
+                for (Binding binding : service.getBindings()) {
+                    Endpoint endpoint = assemblyFactory.createEndpoint();
+                    endpoint.setComponent(component);
+                    endpoint.setService(service);
+                    endpoint.setBinding(binding);
+                    endpoint.setUnresolved(false);
+                    service.getEndpoints().add(endpoint);
+                } // end for
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/EndpointReferenceBuilderImpl.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/EndpointReferenceBuilderImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..06320316e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/EndpointReferenceBuilderImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,840 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.AssemblyFactory;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Binding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Component;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentService;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Composite;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.CompositeReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Endpoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.EndpointReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Implementation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Multiplicity;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Reference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.SCABinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Wire;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilderException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.ExtensionPointRegistry;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.FactoryExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.UtilityExtensionPoint;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.definitions.Definitions;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.interfacedef.InterfaceContractMapper;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Monitor;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.MonitorFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Creates endpoint reference models.
+ */
+public class EndpointReferenceBuilderImpl {
+
+    private Monitor monitor;
+    private AssemblyFactory assemblyFactory;
+    private InterfaceContractMapper interfaceContractMapper;
+
+    public EndpointReferenceBuilderImpl(ExtensionPointRegistry registry) {
+        UtilityExtensionPoint utilities = registry.getExtensionPoint(UtilityExtensionPoint.class);
+        MonitorFactory monitorFactory = utilities.getUtility(MonitorFactory.class);
+        monitor = monitorFactory.createMonitor();
+        interfaceContractMapper = utilities.getUtility(InterfaceContractMapper.class);
+
+        FactoryExtensionPoint modelFactories = registry.getExtensionPoint(FactoryExtensionPoint.class);
+        assemblyFactory = modelFactories.getFactory(AssemblyFactory.class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create endpoint references for all component references.
+     *
+     * @param composite
+     */
+    public Composite build(Composite composite, Definitions definitions, Monitor monitor)
+        throws CompositeBuilderException {
+        this.monitor = monitor;
+
+        // process component services
+        processComponentReferences(composite);
+        return composite;
+    }
+
+    private void processComponentReferences(Composite composite) {
+
+        monitor.pushContext("Composite: " + composite.getName().toString());
+        try {
+            // Index components, services and references
+            Map<String, Component> components = new HashMap<String, Component>();
+            Map<String, ComponentService> componentServices = new HashMap<String, ComponentService>();
+            Map<String, ComponentReference> componentReferences = new HashMap<String, ComponentReference>();
+            indexComponentsServicesAndReferences(composite, components, componentServices, componentReferences);
+
+            // Connect component references as described in wires
+            connectWires(composite, componentServices, componentReferences, monitor);
+
+            // create endpoint references for each component's references
+            for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+                monitor.pushContext("Component: " + component.getName());
+
+                try {
+
+                    // recurse for composite implementations
+                    Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+                    if (implementation instanceof Composite) {
+                        processComponentReferences((Composite)implementation);
+                    }
+
+                    // create endpoint references to represent the component reference
+                    for (ComponentReference reference : component.getReferences()) {
+                        createReferenceEndpointReferences(composite,
+                                                          component,
+                                                          reference,
+                                                          components,
+                                                          componentServices);
+
+                        // fix up links between endpoints and endpoint references that represent callbacks
+                        for (ComponentService service : component.getServices()) {
+                            if ((service.getInterfaceContract() != null) && (service.getInterfaceContract()
+                                .getCallbackInterface() != null)) {
+                                if (reference.getName().equals(service.getName())) {
+                                    for (Endpoint endpoint : service.getEndpoints()) {
+                                        endpoint.getCallbackEndpointReferences().addAll(reference
+                                            .getEndpointReferences());
+                                    }
+                                    break;
+                                } // end if
+                            } // end if
+                        } // end for
+                    } // end for
+
+                    // Validate that references are wired or promoted, according
+                    // to their multiplicity   
+                    validateReferenceMultiplicity(composite, component);
+
+                } finally {
+                    monitor.popContext();
+                }
+            } // end for
+
+        } finally {
+            monitor.popContext();
+        }
+
+    } // end method processCompoenntReferences
+
+    protected void indexComponentsServicesAndReferences(Composite composite,
+                                                        Map<String, Component> components,
+                                                        Map<String, ComponentService> componentServices,
+                                                        Map<String, ComponentReference> componentReferences) {
+
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+
+            // Index components by name
+            components.put(component.getName(), component);
+
+            ComponentService nonCallbackService = null;
+            int nonCallbackServices = 0;
+            for (ComponentService componentService : component.getServices()) {
+
+                // Index component services by component name / service name
+                String uri = component.getName() + '/' + componentService.getName();
+                componentServices.put(uri, componentService);
+
+                // TODO - EPR - $promoted$ no longer used but it doesn't do any
+                // harm here
+                boolean promotedService = false;
+                if (componentService.getName() != null && componentService.getName().indexOf("$promoted$") > -1) {
+                    promotedService = true;
+                }
+
+                // count how many non-callback, non-promoted services there are
+                // if there is only one the component name also acts as the
+                // service name
+                if ((!componentService.isForCallback()) && (!promotedService)) {
+
+                    // Check how many non callback non-promoted services we have
+                    if (nonCallbackServices == 0) {
+                        nonCallbackService = componentService;
+                    }
+                    nonCallbackServices++;
+                }
+
+            }
+
+            if (nonCallbackServices == 1) {
+                // If we have a single non callback service, index it by
+                // component name as well
+                componentServices.put(component.getName(), nonCallbackService);
+            }
+
+            // Index references by component name / reference name
+            for (ComponentReference componentReference : component.getReferences()) {
+                String uri = component.getName() + '/' + componentReference.getName();
+                componentReferences.put(uri, componentReference);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Resolve wires and connect the sources to their targets
+     * 
+     * @param composite
+     * @param componentServices
+     * @param componentReferences
+     * @param problems
+     */
+    private void connectWires(Composite composite,
+                              Map<String, ComponentService> componentServices,
+                              Map<String, ComponentReference> componentReferences,
+                              Monitor monitor) {
+
+        // For each wire, resolve the source reference, the target service, and
+        // add it to the list of targets of the reference
+        List<Wire> wires = composite.getWires();
+        for (int i = 0, n = wires.size(); i < n; i++) {
+            Wire wire = wires.get(i);
+
+            ComponentReference resolvedReference;
+            ComponentService resolvedService;
+
+            // Resolve the source reference
+            ComponentReference source = wire.getSource();
+            if (source != null && source.isUnresolved()) {
+                resolvedReference = componentReferences.get(source.getName());
+                if (resolvedReference != null) {
+                    wire.setSource(resolvedReference);
+                } else {
+                    Monitor.warning(monitor, this, "assembly-validation-messages", "WireSourceNotFound", source
+                        .getName());
+                }
+            } else {
+                resolvedReference = wire.getSource();
+            }
+
+            // Resolve the target service
+            ComponentService target = wire.getTarget();
+            if (target != null && target.isUnresolved()) {
+                resolvedService = componentServices.get(target.getName());
+                if (resolvedService != null) {
+                    wire.setTarget(target);
+                } else {
+                    Monitor.warning(monitor, this, "assembly-validation-messages", "WireTargetNotFound", target
+                        .getName());
+                }
+            } else {
+                resolvedService = wire.getTarget();
+            }
+
+            // Add the target service to the list of targets of the
+            // reference
+            if (resolvedReference != null && resolvedService != null) {
+                // Check that the target component service provides
+                // a superset of
+                // the component reference interface
+                if (resolvedReference.getInterfaceContract() == null || interfaceContractMapper
+                    .isCompatible(resolvedReference.getInterfaceContract(), resolvedService.getInterfaceContract())) {
+
+                    //resolvedReference.getTargets().add(resolvedService);
+                    if (wire.isReplace()) {
+                        resolvedReference.getTargets().clear();
+                    }
+                    resolvedReference.getTargets().add(wire.getTarget());
+                } else {
+                    Monitor.warning(monitor, this, "assembly-validation-messages", "WireIncompatibleInterface", source
+                        .getName(), target.getName());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Clear the list of wires
+        composite.getWires().clear();
+    }
+
+    private void createReferenceEndpointReferences(Composite composite,
+                                                   Component component,
+                                                   ComponentReference reference,
+                                                   Map<String, Component> components,
+                                                   Map<String, ComponentService> componentServices) {
+
+        monitor.pushContext("Reference: " + reference.getName());
+
+        // Get reference targets
+        List<ComponentService> refTargets = getReferenceTargets(reference);
+        if (reference.getAutowire() == Boolean.TRUE && reference.getTargets().isEmpty()) {
+
+            // Find suitable targets in the current composite for an
+            // autowired reference
+            Multiplicity multiplicity = reference.getMultiplicity();
+            for (Component targetComponent : composite.getComponents()) {
+
+                // Tuscany specific selection of the first autowire reference
+                // when there are more than one (ASM_60025)
+                if ((multiplicity == Multiplicity.ZERO_ONE || multiplicity == Multiplicity.ONE_ONE) && (reference
+                    .getEndpointReferences().size() != 0)) {
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // Prevent autowire connecting to self
+                if (targetComponent == component)
+                    continue;
+
+                for (ComponentService targetComponentService : targetComponent.getServices()) {
+                    if (reference.getInterfaceContract() == null || interfaceContractMapper.isCompatible(reference
+                        .getInterfaceContract(), targetComponentService.getInterfaceContract())) {
+
+                        EndpointReference endpointRef = createEndpointRef(component, reference, false);
+                        endpointRef.setTargetEndpoint(createEndpoint(targetComponent, targetComponentService, true));
+                        endpointRef.setStatus(EndpointReference.WIRED_TARGET_FOUND_READY_FOR_MATCHING);
+                        reference.getEndpointReferences().add(endpointRef);
+
+                        // Stop with the first match for 0..1 and 1..1 references
+                        if (multiplicity == Multiplicity.ZERO_ONE || multiplicity == Multiplicity.ONE_ONE) {
+                            break;
+                        } // end if
+                    } // end if
+                } // end for
+            } // end for
+
+            if (multiplicity == Multiplicity.ONE_N || multiplicity == Multiplicity.ONE_ONE) {
+                if (reference.getEndpointReferences().size() == 0) {
+                    Monitor.error(monitor,
+                                  this,
+                                  "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                  "NoComponentReferenceTarget",
+                                  reference.getName());
+                }
+            }
+
+            setSingleAutoWireTarget(reference);
+
+        } else if (!refTargets.isEmpty()) {
+            // Check that the component reference does not mix the use of endpoint references
+            // specified via the target attribute with the presence of binding elements
+            if (bindingsIdentifyTargets(reference)) {
+                Monitor.error(monitor,
+                              this,
+                              "assembly-validation-messages",
+                              "ReferenceEndPointMixWithTarget",
+                              composite.getName().toString(),
+                              component.getName(),
+                              reference.getName());
+            }
+
+            // Resolve targets specified on the component reference
+            for (ComponentService target : refTargets) {
+
+                String targetName = getComponentServiceName(target.getName());
+                String bindingName = getBindingName(target.getName());
+                ComponentService targetComponentService = componentServices.get(targetName);
+
+                Component targetComponent = getComponentFromTargetName(components, targetName);
+
+                if (targetComponentService != null) {
+                    // Check that target component service provides a superset of the component reference interface
+                    if (reference.getInterfaceContract() == null || interfaceContractMapper.isCompatible(reference
+                        .getInterfaceContract(), targetComponentService.getInterfaceContract())) {
+
+                        if (bindingName != null) {
+                            // the user has selected a binding as part of the target name
+                            Binding targetBinding = null;
+
+                            for (Binding tmp : targetComponentService.getBindings()) {
+                                if (tmp.getName().equals(bindingName)) {
+                                    targetBinding = tmp;
+                                    continue;
+                                }
+                            }
+
+                            if (targetBinding != null) {
+                                EndpointReference endpointRef = createEndpointRef(component, reference, false);
+                                endpointRef.setTargetEndpoint(createEndpoint(targetComponent,
+                                                                             targetComponentService,
+                                                                             targetBinding,
+                                                                             true));
+                                endpointRef.setStatus(EndpointReference.WIRED_TARGET_NOT_FOUND);
+                                // relying on the registry here to resolve the real endpoint
+                                reference.getEndpointReferences().add(endpointRef);
+
+                            } else {
+                                EndpointReference endpointRef = createEndpointRef(component, reference, true);
+                                endpointRef.setTargetEndpoint(createEndpoint(component, targetName));
+                                endpointRef.setRemote(true);
+                                endpointRef.setStatus(EndpointReference.WIRED_TARGET_NOT_FOUND);
+                                reference.getEndpointReferences().add(endpointRef);
+                                Monitor.warning(monitor,
+                                                this,
+                                                "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                                "ComponentReferenceTargetNotFound",
+                                                composite.getName().toString(),
+                                                targetName);
+                            }
+
+                        } else {
+                            // the user hasn't selected a binding as part of the target name
+
+                            EndpointReference endpointRef = createEndpointRef(component, reference, false);
+                            endpointRef
+                                .setTargetEndpoint(createEndpoint(targetComponent, targetComponentService, true));
+                            endpointRef.setStatus(EndpointReference.WIRED_TARGET_FOUND_READY_FOR_MATCHING);
+                            reference.getEndpointReferences().add(endpointRef);
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        Monitor.error(monitor,
+                                      this,
+                                      "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                      "ReferenceIncompatibleInterface",
+                                      composite.getName().toString(),
+                                      component.getName() + "." + reference.getName(),
+                                      targetName);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    // add an unresolved endpoint reference with an unresolved endpoint to go with it
+                    EndpointReference endpointRef = createEndpointRef(component, reference, true);
+                    endpointRef.setTargetEndpoint(createEndpoint(component, targetName));
+                    endpointRef.setRemote(true);
+                    endpointRef.setStatus(EndpointReference.WIRED_TARGET_NOT_FOUND);
+                    reference.getEndpointReferences().add(endpointRef);
+                    Monitor.warning(monitor,
+                                    this,
+                                    "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                    "ComponentReferenceTargetNotFound",
+                                    composite.getName().toString(),
+                                    targetName);
+                } // end if
+            } // end for
+        } // end if
+
+        // if no endpoints have found so far the bindings hold the targets.
+        if (reference.getEndpointReferences().isEmpty()) {
+            for (Binding binding : reference.getBindings()) {
+
+                String uri = binding.getURI();
+
+                // user hasn't put a uri on the binding so it's not a target name and the assumption is that
+                // the target is established via configuration of the binding element itself
+                if (uri == null) {
+                    // Regular forward references are UNWIRED with no endpoint if they have an SCABinding with NO targets
+                    // and NO URI set - but Callbacks with an SCABinding are wired and need an endpoint
+                    if (!reference.isForCallback() && (binding instanceof SCABinding))
+                        continue;
+
+                    // create endpoint reference for manually configured bindings with a resolved endpoint to
+                    // signify that this reference is pointing at some unwired endpoint
+                    EndpointReference endpointRef = createEndpointRef(component, reference, binding, null, false);
+                    if (binding instanceof SCABinding) {
+                        // Assume that the system needs to resolve this binding later as
+                        // it's the SCA binding
+                        endpointRef.setTargetEndpoint(createEndpoint(true));
+                        endpointRef.setStatus(EndpointReference.NOT_CONFIGURED);
+                    } else {
+                        // The user has configured a binding so assume they know what 
+                        // they are doing and mark in as already resolved. 
+                        endpointRef.setTargetEndpoint(createEndpoint(false));
+                        endpointRef.setStatus(EndpointReference.RESOLVED_BINDING);
+                    }
+                    endpointRef.setRemote(true);
+                    reference.getEndpointReferences().add(endpointRef);
+                    continue;
+                } // end if
+
+                // user might have put a local target name in the uri - see if it refers to a target we know about
+                // - if it does the reference binding will be matched with a service binding
+                // - if it doesn't it is assumed to be an external reference
+                if (uri.startsWith("/")) {
+                    uri = uri.substring(1);
+                }
+
+                String targetName = getComponentServiceName(uri);
+                String bindingName = getBindingName(uri);
+
+                // Resolve the target component and service
+                ComponentService targetComponentService = componentServices.get(targetName);
+                Component targetComponent = getComponentFromTargetName(components, targetName);
+
+                // If the binding URI matches a component in the composite, configure an endpoint reference with
+                // this component as the target.
+                // If not, the binding URI is assumed to reference an external service
+                if (targetComponentService != null) {
+
+                    // Check that the target component service provides
+                    // a superset of the component reference interface
+                    if (reference.getInterfaceContract() == null || interfaceContractMapper.isCompatible(reference
+                        .getInterfaceContract(), targetComponentService.getInterfaceContract())) {
+                        if (bindingName != null) {
+                            // the user has selected a binding as part of the target name
+                            Binding targetBinding = null;
+
+                            for (Binding tmp : targetComponentService.getBindings()) {
+                                if (tmp.getName().equals(bindingName)) {
+                                    targetBinding = tmp;
+                                    continue;
+                                }
+                            }
+
+                            if (targetBinding != null) {
+                                EndpointReference endpointRef = createEndpointRef(component, reference, false);
+                                endpointRef.setTargetEndpoint(createEndpoint(targetComponent,
+                                                                             targetComponentService,
+                                                                             targetBinding,
+                                                                             true));
+                                endpointRef.setStatus(EndpointReference.WIRED_TARGET_NOT_FOUND);
+                                // relying on the registry here to resolve the real endpoint
+                                reference.getEndpointReferences().add(endpointRef);
+
+                            } else {
+                                EndpointReference endpointRef = createEndpointRef(component, reference, true);
+                                endpointRef.setTargetEndpoint(createEndpoint(component, targetName));
+                                endpointRef.setRemote(true);
+                                endpointRef.setStatus(EndpointReference.WIRED_TARGET_NOT_FOUND);
+                                reference.getEndpointReferences().add(endpointRef);
+                                Monitor.warning(monitor,
+                                                this,
+                                                "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                                "ComponentReferenceTargetNotFound",
+                                                composite.getName().toString(),
+                                                targetName);
+                            }
+
+                        } else {
+                            // create endpoint reference with dummy endpoint which will be replaced when policies
+                            // are matched and bindings are configured later
+                            EndpointReference endpointRef =
+                                createEndpointRef(component, reference, binding, null, false);
+                            endpointRef
+                                .setTargetEndpoint(createEndpoint(targetComponent, targetComponentService, true));
+                            endpointRef.setStatus(EndpointReference.WIRED_TARGET_FOUND_READY_FOR_MATCHING);
+                            reference.getEndpointReferences().add(endpointRef);
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        Monitor.warning(monitor,
+                                        this,
+                                        "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                        "ReferenceIncompatibleInterface",
+                                        composite.getName().toString(),
+                                        reference.getName(),
+                                        uri);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    // create endpoint reference for manually configured bindings with resolved endpoint
+                    // to signify that this reference is pointing at some unwired endpoint. The endpoint
+                    // is given the configured binding as a representation of the endpoint configuration. 
+                    EndpointReference endpointRef = createEndpointRef(component, reference, binding, null, false);
+                    Endpoint endpoint = createEndpoint(false);
+                    endpoint.setBinding(binding);
+                    endpointRef.setTargetEndpoint(endpoint);
+                    endpointRef.setRemote(true);
+                    endpointRef.setStatus(EndpointReference.RESOLVED_BINDING);
+                    reference.getEndpointReferences().add(endpointRef);
+                } // end if
+            }
+        }
+
+        monitor.popContext();
+
+    } // end method
+
+    private void validateReferenceMultiplicity(Composite composite, Component component) {
+        for (ComponentReference componentReference : component.getReferences()) {
+            if (!ReferenceConfigurationUtil.validateMultiplicityAndTargets(componentReference.getMultiplicity(),
+                                                                           componentReference.getEndpointReferences())) {
+                if (componentReference.getEndpointReferences().isEmpty()) {
+
+                    // No error if the reference is promoted out of the current composite
+                    boolean promoted = false;
+                    for (Reference reference : composite.getReferences()) {
+                        CompositeReference compositeReference = (CompositeReference)reference;
+                        if (compositeReference.getPromotedReferences().contains(componentReference)) {
+                            promoted = true;
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if (!promoted && !componentReference.isForCallback() && !componentReference.isWiredByImpl()) {
+                        Monitor.error(monitor,
+                                      this,
+                                      "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                      "ReferenceWithoutTargets",
+                                      composite.getName().toString(),
+                                      componentReference.getName());
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    // no error if reference is autowire and more targets
+                    // than multiplicity have been found 
+                    if (componentReference.getAutowire() == Boolean.TRUE) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    Monitor.error(monitor,
+                                  this,
+                                  "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                  "TooManyReferenceTargets",
+                                  componentReference.getName());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Evaluates whether the bindings attached to a reference identify one or more target services.
+     * @param reference - the reference
+     * @return true if the bindings identify a target, false otherwise
+     */
+    private boolean bindingsIdentifyTargets(ComponentReference reference) {
+        for (Binding binding : reference.getBindings()) {
+            // <binding.sca without a URI does not identify a target
+            if ((binding instanceof SCABinding) && (binding.getURI() == null))
+                continue;
+            // any other binding implies a target
+            // TODO Processing for other binding types
+            return true;
+        } // end for
+        return false;
+    } // end bindingsIdentifyTargets
+
+    /**
+     * Helper method which obtains a list of targets for a reference
+     * @param reference - Component reference
+     * @return - the list of targets, which will be empty if there are no targets
+     */
+    private List<ComponentService> getReferenceTargets(ComponentReference reference) {
+        List<ComponentService> theTargets = reference.getTargets();
+        if (theTargets.isEmpty()) {
+            // Component reference list of targets is empty, try the implementation reference
+            if (reference.getReference() != null) {
+                theTargets = reference.getReference().getTargets();
+            } // end if
+        } // end if
+        return theTargets;
+    } // end method getReferenceTargets
+
+    /**
+     * Target names can take the form 
+     *   component/service/binding
+     * This extracts the component/service part
+     * 
+     * @param targetName
+     * @return String the component/service name
+     */
+    private String getComponentServiceName(String targetName) {
+        String[] parts = targetName.split("/");
+
+        if (parts.length > 1) {
+            return parts[0] + "/" + parts[1];
+        } else {
+            return parts[0];
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Target names can take the form 
+     *   component/service/binding
+     * This extracts the binding part and returns
+     * it. If there is no binding part it returns null
+     * 
+     * @param targetName
+     * @return String the binding name or null if there is no binding name
+     */
+    private String getBindingName(String targetName) {
+        String[] parts = targetName.split("/");
+
+        if (parts.length == 3) {
+            return parts[2];
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Helper method that finds the Component given a target name
+     * @param components
+     * @param targetName
+     * @return the component
+     */
+    private Component getComponentFromTargetName(Map<String, Component> components, String targetName) {
+        Component theComponent;
+        int s = targetName.indexOf('/');
+        if (s == -1) {
+            theComponent = components.get(targetName);
+        } else {
+            theComponent = components.get(targetName.substring(0, s));
+        }
+        return theComponent;
+    } // end method getComponentFromTargetName
+
+    /**
+     * Helper method to create an Endpoint Reference
+     * @param component
+     * @param reference
+     * @param binding
+     * @param endpoint
+     * @param unresolved
+     * @return the endpoint reference
+     */
+    private EndpointReference createEndpointRef(Component component,
+                                                ComponentReference reference,
+                                                Binding binding,
+                                                Endpoint endpoint,
+                                                boolean unresolved) {
+        EndpointReference endpointRef = createEndpointRef(component, reference, unresolved);
+        endpointRef.setBinding(binding);
+        endpointRef.setTargetEndpoint(endpoint);
+        return endpointRef;
+    } // end method
+
+    /**
+     * Helper method to create an Endpoint Reference
+     * @param component
+     * @param reference
+     * @param unresolved
+     * @return the endpoint reference
+     */
+    private EndpointReference createEndpointRef(Component component, ComponentReference reference, boolean unresolved) {
+        EndpointReference endpointRef = assemblyFactory.createEndpointReference();
+        endpointRef.setComponent(component);
+        endpointRef.setReference(reference);
+        endpointRef.setUnresolved(unresolved);
+        return endpointRef;
+    } // end method createEndpointRef
+
+    /**
+     * Helper method to create an endpoint
+     * @param component
+     * @param service
+     * @param unresolved
+     * @return the endpoint
+     */
+    private Endpoint createEndpoint(Component component, ComponentService service, boolean unresolved) {
+        Endpoint endpoint = createEndpoint(unresolved);
+        endpoint.setComponent(component);
+        endpoint.setService(service);
+        endpoint.setUnresolved(unresolved);
+        return endpoint;
+    } // end method createEndpoint
+
+    /**
+     * Helper method to create an endpoint
+     * @param component
+     * @param service
+     * @param binding
+     * @param unresolved
+     * @return the endpoint
+     */
+    private Endpoint createEndpoint(Component component, ComponentService service, Binding binding, boolean unresolved) {
+        Endpoint endpoint = createEndpoint(unresolved);
+        endpoint.setComponent(component);
+        endpoint.setService(service);
+        endpoint.setBinding(binding);
+        endpoint.setUnresolved(unresolved);
+        return endpoint;
+    } // end method createEndpoint    
+
+    /**
+     * Helper method to create an Endpoint
+     * @param unresolved
+     * @return the endpoint
+     */
+    private Endpoint createEndpoint(boolean unresolved) {
+        Endpoint endpoint = assemblyFactory.createEndpoint();
+        endpoint.setUnresolved(unresolved);
+        return endpoint;
+    } // end method createEndpoint
+
+    /**
+     * Helper method to create an Endpoint
+     *
+     * @param component The component that owns the reference
+     * @param targetName It can be one of the following formats
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>componentName
+     * <li>componentName/serviceName
+     * <li>componentName/serviceName/bindingName
+     * </ul>
+     * @return the endpoint
+     */
+    private Endpoint createEndpoint(Component component, String targetName) {
+        String[] parts = targetName.split("/");
+        if (parts.length < 1 || parts.length > 3) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid target URI: " + targetName);
+        }
+
+        // Find the parent uri
+        String uri = component.getURI();
+        int index = uri.lastIndexOf('/');
+        if (index == -1) {
+            uri = "";
+        } else {
+            uri = uri.substring(0, index);
+        }
+
+        if (parts.length >= 1) {
+            // Append the target component name
+            if (uri.length() == 0) {
+                uri = parts[0];
+            } else {
+                uri = uri + "/" + parts[0];
+            }
+        }
+        if (parts.length == 3) {
+            // <componentURI>#service-binding(serviceName/bindingName)
+            uri = uri + "#service-binding(" + parts[1] + "/" + parts[2] + ")";
+        } else if (parts.length == 2) {
+            // <componentURI>#service(serviceName)
+            uri = uri + "#service(" + parts[1] + ")";
+        }
+
+        Endpoint endpoint = assemblyFactory.createEndpoint();
+        endpoint.setUnresolved(true);
+        endpoint.setURI(uri);
+        return endpoint;
+    } // end method createEndpoint
+
+    /**
+     * ASM_5021: where a <reference/> of a <component/> has @autowire=true 
+     * and where the <reference/> has a <binding/> child element which 
+     * declares a single target service,  the reference is wired only to 
+     * the single service identified by the <wire/> element
+     */
+    private void setSingleAutoWireTarget(ComponentReference reference) {
+        if (reference.getEndpointReferences().size() > 1 && reference.getBindings() != null
+            && reference.getBindings().size() == 1) {
+            String uri = reference.getBindings().get(0).getURI();
+            if (uri != null) {
+                if (uri.indexOf('/') > -1) {
+                    // TODO: must be a way to avoid this fiddling
+                    int i = uri.indexOf('/');
+                    String c = uri.substring(0, i);
+                    String s = uri.substring(i + 1);
+                    uri = c + "#service(" + s + ")";
+                }
+                for (EndpointReference er : reference.getEndpointReferences()) {
+                    if (er.getTargetEndpoint() != null && uri.equals(er.getTargetEndpoint().getURI())) {
+                        reference.getEndpointReferences().clear();
+                        reference.getEndpointReferences().add(er);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+} // end class
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ModelBuilderImpl.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ModelBuilderImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..43e5d76e9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ModelBuilderImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Composite;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilder;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilderException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.DeployedCompositeBuilder;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.ExtensionPointRegistry;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.definitions.Definitions;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Monitor;
+
+public class ModelBuilderImpl implements CompositeBuilder, DeployedCompositeBuilder {
+    private CompositeBuilder compositeIncludeBuilder;
+    private CompositeBuilder compositeCloneBuilder;
+    private CompositeComponentTypeBuilderImpl compositeComponentTypeBuilder;
+    private ComponentBuilderImpl componentBuilder;
+
+    private BindingURIBuilderImpl bindingURIBuilder;
+    private ComponentServiceBindingBuilderImpl componentServiceBindingBuilder;
+    private ComponentReferenceBindingBuilderImpl componentReferenceBindingBuilder;
+    private EndpointBuilderImpl endpointBuilder;
+    private EndpointReferenceBuilderImpl endpointReferenceBuilder;
+    private ComponentReferencePromotionBuilderImpl componentReferencePromotionBuilder;
+    private CompositePolicyBuilderImpl compositePolicyBuilder;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new composite builder.
+     * 
+     * @param registry the extension point registry
+     */
+    public ModelBuilderImpl(ExtensionPointRegistry registry) {
+
+        compositeIncludeBuilder = new CompositeIncludeBuilderImpl();
+        compositeCloneBuilder = new CompositeCloneBuilderImpl();
+
+        compositeComponentTypeBuilder = new CompositeComponentTypeBuilderImpl(registry);
+        componentBuilder = new ComponentBuilderImpl(registry);
+
+        compositeComponentTypeBuilder.setComponentBuilder(componentBuilder);
+        componentBuilder.setComponentTypeBuilder(compositeComponentTypeBuilder);
+
+        bindingURIBuilder = new BindingURIBuilderImpl(registry);
+        componentServiceBindingBuilder = new ComponentServiceBindingBuilderImpl(registry);
+        componentReferenceBindingBuilder = new ComponentReferenceBindingBuilderImpl(registry);
+        endpointBuilder = new EndpointBuilderImpl(registry);
+        endpointReferenceBuilder = new EndpointReferenceBuilderImpl(registry);
+        componentReferencePromotionBuilder = new ComponentReferencePromotionBuilderImpl(registry);
+        compositePolicyBuilder = new CompositePolicyBuilderImpl(registry);
+
+    }
+
+    public String getID() {
+        return "org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilder";
+    }
+
+    public Composite build(Composite composite, Definitions definitions, Monitor monitor)
+        throws CompositeBuilderException {
+        return build(composite, definitions, null, monitor);
+    }
+
+    public Composite build(Composite composite,
+                           Definitions definitions,
+                           Map<QName, List<String>> bindingBaseURIs,
+                           Monitor monitor) throws CompositeBuilderException {
+
+        try {
+            // Clone the composites that are included or referenced in implementation.composite
+            composite = compositeCloneBuilder.build(composite, definitions, monitor);
+
+            // Collect and fuse includes. Copy all of the components
+            // out of the included composite into the including composite
+            // and discards the included composite
+            composite = compositeIncludeBuilder.build(composite, definitions, monitor);
+
+            // need to apply policy external attachment
+
+
+            // Process the implementation hierarchy by calculating the component type 
+            // for the top level implementation (composite). This has the effect of
+            // recursively calculating component types and configuring the 
+            // components that depend on them
+            compositeComponentTypeBuilder.createComponentType(composite);
+
+            // create the runtime model by updating the static model we have just 
+            // created. This involves things like creating
+            //  component URIs
+            //  binding URIs
+            //  binding specific build processing
+            //  callback references - currently done in static pass
+            //  callback services - currently done in static pass
+            //  Endpoints
+            //  Endoint References
+            //  Policies
+            // TODO - called here at the moment but we could have a separate build phase 
+            //        to call these. Also we need to re-org these builders 
+            bindingURIBuilder.configureBindingURIsAndNames(composite, definitions, monitor);
+            composite = componentServiceBindingBuilder.build(composite, definitions, monitor); // binding specific build
+            composite = componentReferenceBindingBuilder.build(composite, definitions, monitor); // binding specific build
+            endpointBuilder.build(composite, definitions, monitor);
+            endpointReferenceBuilder.build(composite, definitions, monitor);
+            composite = componentReferencePromotionBuilder.build(composite, definitions, monitor); // move into the static build?
+            composite = compositePolicyBuilder.build(composite, definitions, monitor); // the rest of the policy processing?
+            return composite;
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new CompositeBuilderException("Exception while building model " + composite.getName(), e);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/policy/builder/impl/PolicyAttachmentBuilderImpl.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/PolicyAttachmentBuilderImpl.java
index 98d93d8186..19dff30051 100644
--- a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/policy/builder/impl/PolicyAttachmentBuilderImpl.java
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/PolicyAttachmentBuilderImpl.java
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
  * under the License.
  */
 
-package org.apache.tuscany.sca.policy.builder.impl;
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
 
 import static javax.xml.XMLConstants.DEFAULT_NS_PREFIX;
 import static javax.xml.XMLConstants.XMLNS_ATTRIBUTE;
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ReferenceConfigurationUtil.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ReferenceConfigurationUtil.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cf25440528
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ReferenceConfigurationUtil.java
@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.AssemblyFactory;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Binding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.CompositeReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.EndpointReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Multiplicity;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.OptimizableBinding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Reference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Monitor;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Problem;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Problem.Severity;
+
+/**
+ * This class encapsulates utility methods to deal with reference definitions
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+abstract class ReferenceConfigurationUtil {
+
+    /**
+     * Report a warning.
+     * 
+     * @param problems
+     * @param message
+     * @param model
+     */
+    private static void warning(Monitor monitor, String message, Object model, String... messageParameters) {
+        if (monitor != null) {
+            Problem problem =
+                monitor.createProblem(ReferenceConfigurationUtil.class.getName(),
+                                      "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                      Severity.WARNING,
+                                      model,
+                                      message,
+                                      (Object[])messageParameters);
+            monitor.problem(problem);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static boolean isValidMultiplicityOverride(Multiplicity definedMul, Multiplicity overridenMul) {
+        if (definedMul != overridenMul) {
+            switch (definedMul) {
+                case ZERO_N:
+                    return overridenMul == Multiplicity.ZERO_ONE || overridenMul == Multiplicity.ONE_ONE
+                        || overridenMul == Multiplicity.ONE_N;
+                case ONE_N:
+                    return overridenMul == Multiplicity.ONE_ONE;
+                case ZERO_ONE:
+                    return overridenMul == Multiplicity.ONE_ONE;
+                default:
+                    return false;
+            }
+        } else {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static boolean validateMultiplicityAndTargets(Multiplicity multiplicity, List<EndpointReference> endpointReferences) {
+
+        // In some tests multiplicity is not set
+        if (multiplicity == null) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        // Count targets
+        int count = endpointReferences.size();
+
+        switch (multiplicity) {
+            case ZERO_N:
+                break;
+            case ZERO_ONE:
+                if (count > 1) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                break;
+            case ONE_ONE:
+                if (count != 1) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                break;
+            case ONE_N:
+                if (count < 1) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                break;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Follow a reference promotion chain down to the innermost (non composite)
+     * component references.
+     * 
+     * @param compositeReference
+     * @return
+     */
+    static List<ComponentReference> getPromotedComponentReferences(CompositeReference compositeReference) {
+        List<ComponentReference> componentReferences = new ArrayList<ComponentReference>();
+        collectPromotedComponentReferences(compositeReference, componentReferences);
+        return componentReferences;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Follow a reference promotion chain down to the innermost (non composite)
+     * component references.
+     * 
+     * @param compositeReference
+     * @param componentReferences
+     * @return
+     */
+    private static void collectPromotedComponentReferences(CompositeReference compositeReference,
+                                                           List<ComponentReference> componentReferences) {
+        for (ComponentReference componentReference : compositeReference.getPromotedReferences()) {
+            Reference reference = componentReference.getReference();
+            if (reference instanceof CompositeReference) {
+
+                // Continue to follow the reference promotion chain
+                collectPromotedComponentReferences((CompositeReference)reference, componentReferences);
+
+            } else if (reference != null) {
+
+                // Found a non-composite reference
+                componentReferences.add(componentReference);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Override the bindings for a promoted reference from an outer component reference
+     * 
+     * @param reference - the outer level reference
+     * @param promotedReference - the inner level promoted reference
+     */
+    static void reconcileReferenceBindings(Reference reference,
+                                           ComponentReference promotedReference,
+                                           AssemblyFactory assemblyFactory,
+                                           Monitor monitor) {
+
+        if (reference.getEndpointReferences().size() > 0) {
+            if (promotedReference.getMultiplicity() == Multiplicity.ONE_ONE || promotedReference.getMultiplicity() == Multiplicity.ZERO_ONE) {
+                // Override any existing wires for 0..1 and 1..1 multiplicity
+                promotedReference.getEndpointReferences().clear();
+                // For 0..1 and 1..1, there should not be more than 1 endpoint reference
+                if (reference.getEndpointReferences().size() > 1) {
+                    warning(monitor, "ComponentReferenceMoreWire", promotedReference, promotedReference.getName());
+                } // end if
+            } // end if
+            // Clone the EndpointReferences from the outer level and add to the promoted reference
+            for (EndpointReference epRef : reference.getEndpointReferences()) {
+                EndpointReference epRefClone = copyHigherReference(epRef, promotedReference);
+                promotedReference.getEndpointReferences().add(epRefClone);
+            } // end for
+        } // end if
+
+        Set<Binding> callbackBindings = new HashSet<Binding>();
+        if (promotedReference.getCallback() != null) {
+            callbackBindings.addAll(promotedReference.getCallback().getBindings());
+        }
+        if (reference.getCallback() != null) {
+            callbackBindings.addAll(reference.getCallback().getBindings());
+        }
+        promotedReference.setCallback(assemblyFactory.createCallback());
+        for (Binding binding : callbackBindings) {
+            if ((!(binding instanceof OptimizableBinding)) || binding.getURI() != null) {
+                promotedReference.getCallback().getBindings().add(binding);
+            } // end if
+        } // end for
+    } // end method reconcileReferenceBindings
+
+    /**
+     * Copy a higher level EndpointReference down to a lower level reference which it promotes 
+     * @param epRef - the endpoint reference
+     * @param promotedReference - the promoted reference
+     * @return - a copy of the EndpointReference with data merged from the promoted reference
+     */
+    private static EndpointReference copyHigherReference(EndpointReference epRef, ComponentReference promotedReference) {
+        EndpointReference epRefClone = null;
+        try {
+            epRefClone = (EndpointReference)epRef.clone();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            // Ignore (we know that EndpointReference2 can be cloned)
+        } // end try
+        // Copy across details of the inner reference
+        ComponentReference ref = epRefClone.getReference();
+        //FIXME
+        epRefClone.setReference(promotedReference);
+        return epRefClone;
+    } // end copyHigherReference
+
+} // end class
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ServiceConfigurationUtil.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ServiceConfigurationUtil.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ef03344131
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/ServiceConfigurationUtil.java
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * 
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.    
+ */
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Component;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentService;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.CompositeService;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Service;
+
+/**
+ * This class encapsulates utility methods to deal with service definitions.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+abstract class ServiceConfigurationUtil {
+
+    /**
+     * Follow a service promotion chain down to the inner most (non composite)
+     * component service.
+     * 
+     * @param topCompositeService
+     * @return
+     */
+    static ComponentService getPromotedComponentService(CompositeService compositeService) {
+        ComponentService componentService = compositeService.getPromotedService();
+        if (componentService != null) {
+            Service service = componentService.getService();
+            if (componentService.getName() != null && service instanceof CompositeService) {
+
+                // Continue to follow the service promotion chain
+                return getPromotedComponentService((CompositeService)service);
+
+            } else {
+
+                // Found a non-composite service
+                return componentService;
+            }
+        } else {
+
+            // No promoted service
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Follow a service promotion chain down to the innermost (non-composite) component.
+     * 
+     * @param compositeService
+     * @return
+     */
+    static Component getPromotedComponent(CompositeService compositeService) {
+        ComponentService componentService = compositeService.getPromotedService();
+        if (componentService != null) {
+            Service service = componentService.getService();
+            if (componentService.getName() != null && service instanceof CompositeService) {
+
+                // Continue to follow the service promotion chain
+                return getPromotedComponent((CompositeService)service);
+
+            } else {
+
+                // Found a non-composite service
+                return compositeService.getPromotedComponent();
+            }
+        } else {
+
+            // No promoted service
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/StructuralURIBuilderImpl.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/StructuralURIBuilderImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..04f7759493
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/main/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/StructuralURIBuilderImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,562 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
+
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.net.URISyntaxException;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
+
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Binding;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Component;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentReference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.ComponentService;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Composite;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Contract;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Implementation;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Reference;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.Service;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilder;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilderException;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.DeployedCompositeBuilder;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.core.ExtensionPointRegistry;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.definitions.Definitions;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.monitor.Monitor;
+
+/**
+ * Configuration of binding URIs.
+ *
+ * @version $Rev$ $Date$
+ */
+public class StructuralURIBuilderImpl implements CompositeBuilder, DeployedCompositeBuilder {
+
+    public StructuralURIBuilderImpl(ExtensionPointRegistry registry) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Called by CompositeBindingURIBuilderImpl
+     *
+     * @param composite the composite to be configured
+     */
+    protected void configureBindingURIsAndNames(Composite composite, Definitions definitions, Monitor monitor)
+        throws CompositeBuilderException {
+        configureBindingURIs(composite, null, definitions, null, monitor);
+        configureBindingNames(composite, monitor);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fully resolve the binding URIs based on available information. This includes information
+     * from the ".composite" files, from resources associated with the binding, e.g. WSDL files,
+     * from any associated policies and from the default information for each binding type.
+     *
+     * @param composite the composite to be configured
+     * @param bindingBaseURIs list of default binding configurations
+     */
+    private void configureBindingURIs(Composite composite,
+                                      Definitions definitions,
+                                      Map<QName, List<String>> bindingBaseURIs,
+                                      Monitor monitor) throws CompositeBuilderException {
+        configureBindingURIs(composite, null, definitions, bindingBaseURIs, monitor);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fully resolve the binding URIs based on available information. This includes information
+     * from the ".composite" files, from resources associated with the binding, e.g. WSDL files,
+     * from any associated policies and from the default information for each binding type.
+     *
+     * NOTE: This method repeats some of the processing performed by the configureComponents()
+     *       method above.  The duplication is needed because NodeConfigurationServiceImpl
+     *       calls this method without previously calling configureComponents().  In the
+     *       normal builder sequence used by CompositeBuilderImpl, both of these methods
+     *       are called.
+     *
+     * TODO: Share the URL calculation algorithm with the configureComponents() method above
+     *       although keeping the configureComponents() methods signature as is because when
+     *       a composite is actually build in a node the node default information is currently
+     *       available
+     *
+     * @param composite the composite to be configured
+     * @param uri the path to the composite provided through any nested composite component implementations
+     * @param defaultBindings list of default binding configurations
+     */
+    private void configureBindingURIs(Composite composite,
+                                      String parentComponentURI,
+                                      Definitions definitions,
+                                      Map<QName, List<String>> defaultBindings,
+                                      Monitor monitor) throws CompositeBuilderException {
+
+        monitor.pushContext("Composite: " + composite.getName().toString());
+        try {
+            // Process nested composites recursively
+            for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+
+                // Initialize component URI
+                String componentURI;
+                if (parentComponentURI == null) {
+                    componentURI = component.getName();
+                } else {
+                    componentURI = parentComponentURI + '/' + component.getName();
+                }
+                component.setURI(componentURI);
+
+                Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+                if (implementation instanceof Composite) {
+                    // Process nested composite
+                    configureBindingURIs((Composite)implementation, componentURI, definitions, defaultBindings, monitor);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Initialize composite service binding URIs
+            List<Service> compositeServices = composite.getServices();
+            for (Service service : compositeServices) {
+
+                constructBindingNames(service, monitor);
+
+                // Initialize binding names and URIs
+                for (Binding binding : service.getBindings()) {
+                    constructBindingURI(parentComponentURI, composite, service, binding, defaultBindings, monitor);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Initialize component service binding URIs
+            for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+
+                monitor.pushContext("Component: " + component.getName());
+
+                try {
+
+                    for (ComponentService service : component.getServices()) {
+
+                        constructBindingNames(service, monitor);
+
+                        // Initialize binding names and URIs
+                        for (Binding binding : service.getBindings()) {
+                            constructBindingURI(component.getURI(), service, binding, defaultBindings, monitor);
+                        }
+                    }
+                } finally {
+                    monitor.popContext();
+                }
+            }
+        } finally {
+            monitor.popContext();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add default names for callback bindings and reference bindings.  Needs to be
+     * separate from configureBindingURIs() because configureBindingURIs() is called
+     * by NodeConfigurationServiceImpl as well as by CompositeBuilderImpl.
+     */
+    private void configureBindingNames(Composite composite, Monitor monitor) {
+
+        // Process nested composites recursively
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+
+            Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+            if (implementation instanceof Composite) {
+
+                // Process nested composite
+                configureBindingNames((Composite)implementation, monitor);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Initialize composite service callback binding names
+        for (Service service : composite.getServices()) {
+            constructBindingNames(service, monitor);
+        }
+
+        // Initialize composite reference binding names
+        for (Reference reference : composite.getReferences()) {
+            constructBindingNames(reference, monitor);
+        }
+
+        // Initialize component service and reference binding names
+        for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+
+            // Initialize component service callback binding names
+            for (ComponentService service : component.getServices()) {
+                constructBindingNames(service, monitor);
+            }
+
+            // Initialize component reference binding names
+            for (ComponentReference reference : component.getReferences()) {
+                // Initialize binding names
+                constructBindingNames(reference, monitor);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If a binding name is not provided by the user, construct it based on the service
+     * or reference name
+     *
+     * @param contract the service or reference
+     */
+    private void constructBindingNames(Contract contract, Monitor monitor) {
+        List<Binding> bindings = contract.getBindings();
+        Map<String, Binding> bindingMap = new HashMap<String, Binding>();
+        for (Binding binding : bindings) {
+            // set the default binding name if one is required
+            // if there is no name on the binding then set it to the service or reference name
+            if (binding.getName() == null) {
+                binding.setName(contract.getName());
+            }
+            Binding existed = bindingMap.put(binding.getName(), binding);
+            // Check that multiple bindings do not have the same name
+            if (existed != null && existed != binding) {
+                if (contract instanceof Service) {
+                    Monitor.error(monitor, this, "assembly-validation-messages", "MultipleBindingsForService", contract
+                        .getName(), binding.getName());
+                } else {
+                    Monitor.error(monitor,
+                                  this,
+                                  "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                  "MultipleBindingsForReference",
+                                  contract.getName(),
+                                  binding.getName());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (contract.getCallback() != null) {
+            bindings = contract.getCallback().getBindings();
+            bindingMap.clear();
+            for (Binding binding : bindings) {
+                // set the default binding name if one is required
+                // if there is no name on the binding then set it to the service or reference name
+                if (binding.getName() == null) {
+                    binding.setName(contract.getName());
+                }
+                Binding existed = bindingMap.put(binding.getName(), binding);
+                // Check that multiple bindings do not have the same name
+                if (existed != null && existed != binding) {
+                    if (contract instanceof Service) {
+                        Monitor.error(monitor,
+                                      this,
+                                      "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                      "MultipleBindingsForServiceCallback",
+                                      contract.getName(),
+                                      binding.getName());
+                    } else {
+                        Monitor.error(monitor,
+                                      this,
+                                      "assembly-validation-messages",
+                                      "MultipleBindingsForReferenceCallback",
+                                      contract.getName(),
+                                      binding.getName());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * URI construction for composite bindings based on Assembly Specification section 1.7.2, This method
+     * assumes that the component URI part of the binding URI is formed from the part to the
+     * composite in question and just calls the generic constructBindingURI method with this
+     * information
+     *
+     * @param parentComponentURI
+     * @param composite
+     * @param service
+     * @param binding
+     * @param defaultBindings
+     */
+    private void constructBindingURI(String parentComponentURI,
+                                     Composite composite,
+                                     Service service,
+                                     Binding binding,
+                                     Map<QName, List<String>> defaultBindings,
+                                     Monitor monitor) throws CompositeBuilderException {
+        // This is a composite service so there is no component to provide a component URI
+        // The path to this composite (through nested composites) is used.
+        constructBindingURI(parentComponentURI, service, binding, defaultBindings, monitor);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generic URI construction for bindings based on Assembly Specification section 1.7.2
+     *
+     * @param componentURIString the string version of the URI part that comes from the component name
+     * @param service the service in question
+     * @param binding the binding for which the URI is being constructed
+     * @param includeBindingName when set true the serviceBindingURI part should be used
+     * @param defaultBindings the list of default binding configurations
+     * @throws CompositeBuilderException
+     */
+    private void constructBindingURI(String componentURIString,
+                                     Service service,
+                                     Binding binding,
+                                     Map<QName, List<String>> defaultBindings,
+                                     Monitor monitor) throws CompositeBuilderException {
+
+        try {
+
+            boolean includeBindingName = !service.getName().equals(binding.getName());
+
+            // calculate the service binding URI
+            URI bindingURI;
+            if (binding.getURI() != null) {
+                bindingURI = new URI(binding.getURI());
+
+                // if the user has provided an absolute binding URI then use it
+                if (bindingURI.isAbsolute()) {
+                    return;
+                }
+            } else {
+                bindingURI = null;
+            }
+
+            String serviceName = service.getName();
+            // Get the service binding name
+            String bindingName;
+            if (binding.getName() != null) {
+                bindingName = binding.getName();
+            } else {
+                bindingName = serviceName;
+            }
+
+            // calculate the component URI
+            URI componentURI;
+            if (componentURIString != null) {
+                componentURI = new URI(addSlashToPath(componentURIString));
+            } else {
+                componentURI = null;
+            }
+
+            // if the user has provided an absolute component URI then use it
+            if (componentURI != null && componentURI.isAbsolute()) {
+                binding.setURI(constructBindingURI(null,
+                                                   componentURI,
+                                                   bindingURI,
+                                                   serviceName,
+                                                   includeBindingName,
+                                                   bindingName));
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // calculate the base URI
+            URI baseURI = null;
+            if (defaultBindings != null) {
+                List<String> uris = defaultBindings.get(binding.getType());
+                if (uris != null && uris.size() > 0) {
+                    baseURI = new URI(addSlashToPath(uris.get(0)));
+                }
+            }
+
+            binding.setURI(constructBindingURI(baseURI,
+                                               componentURI,
+                                               bindingURI,
+                                               serviceName,
+                                               includeBindingName,
+                                               bindingName));
+        } catch (URISyntaxException ex) {
+            Monitor.error(monitor,
+                          this,
+                          "assembly-validation-messages",
+                          "URLSyntaxException",
+                          componentURIString,
+                          service.getName(),
+                          binding.getName());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Use to ensure that URI paths end in "/" as here we want to maintain the
+     * last path element of an base URI when other URI are resolved against it. This is
+     * not the default behaviour of URI resolution as defined in RFC 2369
+     *
+     * @param path the path string to which the "/" is to be added
+     * @return the resulting path with a "/" added if it not already there
+     */
+    private static String addSlashToPath(String path) {
+        if (path.endsWith("/") || path.endsWith("#")) {
+            return path;
+        } else {
+            return path + "/";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Concatenate binding URI parts together based on Assembly Specification section 1.7.2
+     *
+     * @param baseURI the base of the binding URI
+     * @param componentURI the middle part of the binding URI derived from the component name
+     * @param bindingURI the end part of the binding URI
+     * @param includeBindingName when set true the binding name part should be used
+     * @param bindingName the binding name
+     * @return the resulting URI as a string
+     */
+    private static String constructBindingURI(URI baseURI,
+                                              URI componentURI,
+                                              URI bindingURI,
+                                              String serviceName,
+                                              boolean includeBindingName,
+                                              String bindingName) {
+        String name = includeBindingName ? serviceName + "/" + bindingName : serviceName;
+        String uriString;
+
+        if (baseURI == null) {
+            if (componentURI == null) {
+                if (bindingURI != null) {
+                    uriString = name + "/" + bindingURI.toString();
+                } else {
+                    uriString = name;
+                }
+            } else {
+                if (bindingURI != null) {
+                    if (bindingURI.toString().startsWith("/")) {
+                        uriString = componentURI.resolve(bindingURI).toString();
+                    } else {
+                        uriString = componentURI.resolve(name + "/" + bindingURI).toString();
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    uriString = componentURI.resolve(name).toString();
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (componentURI == null) {
+                if (bindingURI != null) {
+                    uriString = basedURI(baseURI, bindingURI).toString();
+                } else {
+                    uriString = basedURI(baseURI, URI.create(name)).toString();
+                }
+            } else {
+                if (bindingURI != null) {
+                    uriString = basedURI(baseURI, componentURI.resolve(bindingURI)).toString();
+                } else {
+                    uriString = basedURI(baseURI, componentURI.resolve(name)).toString();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // tidy up by removing any trailing "/"
+        if (uriString.endsWith("/")) {
+            uriString = uriString.substring(0, uriString.length() - 1);
+        }
+
+        URI uri = URI.create(uriString);
+        if (!uri.isAbsolute()) {
+            uri = URI.create("/").resolve(uri);
+        }
+        return uri.toString();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Combine a URI with a base URI.
+     *
+     * @param baseURI
+     * @param uri
+     * @return
+     */
+    private static URI basedURI(URI baseURI, URI uri) {
+        if (uri.getScheme() != null) {
+            return uri;
+        }
+        String str = uri.toString();
+        if (str.startsWith("/")) {
+            str = str.substring(1);
+        }
+        return URI.create(baseURI.toString() + str).normalize();
+    }
+
+    public Composite build(Composite composite, Definitions definitions, Monitor monitor)
+        throws CompositeBuilderException {
+        configureStructuralURIs(composite, null, definitions, null, monitor);
+        return composite;
+    }
+
+    public String getID() {
+        return "org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.StructualURIBuilder";
+    }
+
+    public Composite build(Composite composite,
+                           Definitions definitions,
+                           Map<QName, List<String>> bindingBaseURIs,
+                           Monitor monitor) throws CompositeBuilderException {
+        configureBindingURIs(composite, definitions, bindingBaseURIs, monitor);
+        return composite;
+    }
+
+    private void configureStructuralURIs(Composite composite,
+                                         String parentComponentURI,
+                                         Definitions definitions,
+                                         Map<QName, List<String>> defaultBindings,
+                                         Monitor monitor) throws CompositeBuilderException {
+
+        monitor.pushContext("Composite: " + composite.getName().toString());
+        try {
+            for (Service service : composite.getServices()) {
+                constructBindingNames(service, monitor);
+            }
+
+            for (Reference reference : composite.getReferences()) {
+                constructBindingNames(reference, monitor);
+            }
+
+            // Process nested composites recursively
+            for (Component component : composite.getComponents()) {
+
+                // Initialize component URI
+                String componentURI;
+                if (parentComponentURI == null) {
+                    componentURI = component.getName();
+                } else {
+                    componentURI = parentComponentURI + '/' + component.getName();
+                }
+                component.setURI(componentURI);
+
+                monitor.pushContext("Component: " + component.getName());
+                try {
+                    for (ComponentService service : component.getServices()) {
+                        constructBindingNames(service, monitor);
+
+                        // Initialize binding names and URIs
+                        for (Binding binding : service.getBindings()) {
+                            constructBindingURI(componentURI, service, binding, defaultBindings, monitor);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    for (ComponentReference service : component.getReferences()) {
+                        constructBindingNames(service, monitor);
+                    }
+                } finally {
+                    monitor.popContext();
+                }
+
+                Implementation implementation = component.getImplementation();
+                if (implementation instanceof Composite) {
+                    // Process nested composite
+                    configureStructuralURIs((Composite)implementation,
+                                            componentURI,
+                                            definitions,
+                                            defaultBindings,
+                                            monitor);
+                }
+            }
+
+        } finally {
+            monitor.popContext();
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/policy/builder/impl/MockPolicy.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/MockPolicy.java
index c3c293cdf8..dac50ec227 100644
--- a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/policy/builder/impl/MockPolicy.java
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/MockPolicy.java
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
  * under the License.    
  */
 
-package org.apache.tuscany.sca.policy.builder.impl;
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
 
 import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
 
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/policy/builder/impl/PolicyAttachmentTestCase.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/PolicyAttachmentTestCase.java
index 2987dd7b5e..075dac51a1 100644
--- a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/policy/builder/impl/PolicyAttachmentTestCase.java
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/PolicyAttachmentTestCase.java
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
  * under the License.    
  */
 
-package org.apache.tuscany.sca.policy.builder.impl;
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.BuilderExtensionPoint;
 import org.apache.tuscany.sca.assembly.builder.CompositeBuilder;
 import org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl.CompositeCloneBuilderImpl;
 import org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl.CompositeIncludeBuilderImpl;
+import org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl.PolicyAttachmentBuilderImpl;
 import org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl.StructuralURIBuilderImpl;
 import org.apache.tuscany.sca.contribution.processor.ContributionReadException;
 import org.apache.tuscany.sca.contribution.processor.ExtensibleStAXArtifactProcessor;
diff --git a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/policy/builder/impl/TestPolicyProcessor.java b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/TestPolicyProcessor.java
index 8a39e70f6b..975adf3543 100644
--- a/java/sca/modules/builder/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/policy/builder/impl/TestPolicyProcessor.java
+++ b/java/sca/modules/builder/src/test/java/org/apache/tuscany/sca/builder/impl/TestPolicyProcessor.java
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
  * specific language governing permissions and limitations
  * under the License.    
  */
-package org.apache.tuscany.sca.policy.builder.impl;
+package org.apache.tuscany.sca.builder.impl;
 
 import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
 import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;