/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * 
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.    
 */

package org.apache.tuscany.sca.xsd.xml;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;

import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLInputFactory;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamConstants;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;

import org.xml.sax.InputSource;

/**
 * @version $Rev$ $Date$
 */
public class XMLDocumentHelper {
    public static final QName WSDL11 = new QName("http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/", "definitions");
    public static final QName XSD = new QName("http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema", "schema");
    public static final QName WSDL20 = new QName("http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl", "description");

    protected static final int BUFFER_SIZE = 256;

    /**
     * Detect the XML encoding of the document
     * 
     * @param is The input stream
     * @return The encoding
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static String getEncoding(InputStream is) throws IOException {
        if (!is.markSupported())
            is = new BufferedInputStream(is);

        byte[] buffer = readBuffer(is);
        return getXMLEncoding(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * Searches the array of bytes to determine the XML encoding.
     */
    protected static String getXMLEncoding(byte[] bytes) {
        String javaEncoding = null;

        if (bytes.length >= 4) {
            if (((bytes[0] == -2) && (bytes[1] == -1)) || ((bytes[0] == 0) && (bytes[1] == 60)))
                javaEncoding = "UnicodeBig";
            else if (((bytes[0] == -1) && (bytes[1] == -2)) || ((bytes[0] == 60) && (bytes[1] == 0)))
                javaEncoding = "UnicodeLittle";
            else if ((bytes[0] == -17) && (bytes[1] == -69) && (bytes[2] == -65))
                javaEncoding = "UTF8";
        }

        String header = null;

        try {
            if (javaEncoding != null)
                header = new String(bytes, 0, bytes.length, javaEncoding);
            else
                header = new String(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            return null;
        }

        if (!header.startsWith("<?xml"))
            return "UTF-8";

        int endOfXMLPI = header.indexOf("?>");
        int encodingIndex = header.indexOf("encoding", 6);

        if ((encodingIndex == -1) || (encodingIndex > endOfXMLPI))
            return "UTF-8";

        int firstQuoteIndex = header.indexOf("\"", encodingIndex);
        int lastQuoteIndex;

        if ((firstQuoteIndex == -1) || (firstQuoteIndex > endOfXMLPI)) {
            firstQuoteIndex = header.indexOf("'", encodingIndex);
            lastQuoteIndex = header.indexOf("'", firstQuoteIndex + 1);
        } else
            lastQuoteIndex = header.indexOf("\"", firstQuoteIndex + 1);

        return header.substring(firstQuoteIndex + 1, lastQuoteIndex);
    }

    protected static byte[] readBuffer(InputStream is) throws IOException {
        if (is.available() == 0) {
            return new byte[0];
        }

        byte[] buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
        is.mark(BUFFER_SIZE);
        int bytesRead = is.read(buffer, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
        int totalBytesRead = bytesRead;

        while (bytesRead != -1 && (totalBytesRead < BUFFER_SIZE)) {
            bytesRead = is.read(buffer, totalBytesRead, BUFFER_SIZE - totalBytesRead);

            if (bytesRead != -1)
                totalBytesRead += bytesRead;
        }

        if (totalBytesRead < BUFFER_SIZE) {
            byte[] smallerBuffer = new byte[totalBytesRead];
            System.arraycopy(buffer, 0, smallerBuffer, 0, totalBytesRead);
            smallerBuffer = buffer;
        }

        is.reset();
        return buffer;
    }

    public static InputSource getInputSource(URL url) throws IOException {
        URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();
        connection.setUseCaches(false);
        InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();
        return getInputSource(url, is);
    }

    public static InputSource getInputSource(URL url, InputStream is) throws IOException {
        is = new BufferedInputStream(is);
        String encoding = getEncoding(is);
        InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(is);
        inputSource.setEncoding(encoding);
        // [rfeng] Make sure we set the system id as it will be used as the base URI for nested import/include 
        inputSource.setSystemId(url.toString());
        return inputSource;
    }

    public static String readTargetNamespace(URL doc, QName element, boolean rootOnly, String attribute, XMLInputFactory inputFactory)
        throws IOException, XMLStreamException {
        if (attribute == null) {
            attribute = "targetNamespace";
        }
        URLConnection connection = doc.openConnection();
        connection.setUseCaches(false);
        InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();
        try {
            XMLStreamReader reader = inputFactory.createXMLStreamReader(is);
            int eventType = reader.getEventType();
            while (true) {
                if (eventType == XMLStreamConstants.START_ELEMENT) {
                    if (element.equals(reader.getName())) {
                        return reader.getAttributeValue(null, attribute);
                    } else if (rootOnly) {
                        return null;
                    }
                }
                if (reader.hasNext()) {
                    eventType = reader.next();
                } else {
                    break;
                }
            }
            return null;
        } finally {
            is.close();
        }
    }

}